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Naval  Militia  Cruises 


1914 


REPORTS  BY  OFFICERS 
OF  THE  U.  S.  NAVY 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 
1914 


GIFT  OF 


\  \    O        ~ 


OJWA. 


Nava)  Militia  Cruises 


1914 


REPORTS  BY  OFFICERS 
OF  THE  U.  S.  NAVY 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 
1914 


4? 
0 

\ 


INDEX. 


State:  Page. 

California 7 

Connecticut : 76 

District  of  Columbia 76 

Illinois 10, 107 

Louisiana 14 

Maine 76 

Maryland 18 

Massachusetts 21 

Michigan 30,  36, 107 

Minnesota 38, 107 

Missouri 76 

New  Jersey 40,  76 

New  York 43,107 

North  Carolina '. T 76 

Ohio 67, 107 

Oregon 72 

Pennsylvania 73,  76, 107 

Rhode  Island ' 76 

Washington 75 

Wisconsin 36, 107 

ill 


36866C 


NAVY  DEPARTMENT, 
DIVISION  OF  NAVAL  MILITIA  AFFAIRS, 

Washington,  D.  C.,  October  1,  1914- 

1.  The  reports  pf  the  Naval  Militia  cruises  during  the  summer  of 
1914,  are  published  for  the  information  of  the  Naval  Militia  service. 

2.  Only  those  reports  which  were  made  by  officers  of  the  United 
States  Navy  are  published,  as  these  reports  are  made  from  an  entirely 
impartial  standpoint. 

3.  Particular  attention  is  called  to  the  following  points  and  defects 
noted  in  these  reports: 

(a)  Comprehensive  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bills  should  be  prepared  and  kept 
corrected  at  all  times.     These  bills  should  be  posted  in  a  conspicuous  place. 
(6)  Emergency  drills— 

(1)  Man  overboard:  No  sea  painter  rigged;  lifeboats  not  used,  and  in  some  cases 
not  provided;  lack  of  familiarity  with  use  of  steering  oar;  confusion  amongst  crew 
on  man  actually  falling  overboard. 

(2)  Abandon   ship:  Boats   not   properly   outfitted;  unfamiliarity   of   men   with 
stations. 

(3)  Collision  drill:  Proper  provision  not  made  in  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill; 
men  not  familiar  with  duties,  stations,  and  necessary  gear. 

(4)  Fire  drill:  Pressure  not  put  on  main  promptly. 

(5)  General  quarters:  Men  not  familiar  with  stations  and  object  of  drills. 

(c)  General  drills — 

(1)  Too  much  time  devoted  to  infantry  drill  to  the  neglect  of  ship  drills. 

(2)  Important  drills,  in  many  cases,  omitted. 

(3)  Boat  drills:  Unfamiliarity  of  both  officers  and  men  with  this  drill. 

(4)  Signals:  From  the  reports,  this  drill  needs  more  attention. 

(5)  Getting  underway:  Should  be  an  "all  hands"  evolution. 

(d)  Clothing— 

(1)  The  needs  of  an  organization  should  be  anticipated  and  an  adequate  supply 
of  clothing  provided  before  a  cruise  commences.     The  supply  of  clothing  is  insuf- 
ficient and  an  increased  allowance  will  be  provided  as  funds  become  available. 

(2)  Men  should  be  carefully  instructed  in  the  proper  care  of  clothing,  how  to  keep 
it  clean,  stow  in  bags,  lay  out  for  inspection,  etc. 

(«)  Bags— 

(1)  Bags  not  clean.     The  supply  of  bags  should  be  two  (2)  per  man  and  this  will 
ultimately  be  the  allowance. 
(/)  Hammocks — 

(1)  Not  kept  clean;  frayed  clews  and  lashings;  mattress  covers  dirty;  men  do 
not  lash  hammocks,  but  roll  them  up.     The  supply  of  hammocks  should  be  two  (2) 
per  man  and  this  number  will  ultimately  be  supplied. 
(g)  Other  points  noted  were — 

(1)  The  need  of  inspector  instructors. 

(2)  Ships  overcrowded. 

(3)  Only  one  organization  should  be  on  any  one  ship  at  a  time. 

(4)  Disposition  of  men  to  shirk  night  watches. 

(5)  Petty  officers  not  qualified  for  ratings  held  (especially  noticeable  in  Engineer's 
divisions). 

(6)  Men  rated  as  coal  passers  not  physically  qualified. 

(7)  An  excessive  number  of  men  in  some  rates. 

(8)  Many  officers  of  too  high  rank,  and  excessive  in  numbers. 

(9)  Details  of  stationing  watches  not  thoroughly  carried  out. 

(10)  The  issuing  of  orders  not  anticipated. 

4.  The  passage  of  the  Naval  Militia  act  places  certain  funds  avail- 
able for  pay,  transportation,  and  subsistence  for  the  officers  and  men 
of  the  Naval  Militia.     It  was  realized  when  authority  was  granted 


OF    TRANSMITTAL. 

to  mak£  tBueie;  summer  cruises  .that  there  would  be  delays  in  pay- 
ment, as  is  always  the%3ase  where  new  leigslation  is  concerned.  The 
proper  filling  out  of  pay  rolls,  making  out  of  vouchers,  and  questions 
involving  mileage,  transportation,  and  subsistence  have  led  to  delays, 
which  were  unavoidable,  but  it  is  believed  that  during  the  summer 
cruises  for  1915  the  officers  and  men  of  the  Naval  Militia  making 
cruises  on  vessels  of  the  regular  Navy  will  receive  their  pay  before 
they  leave  the  ships,  and  that  officers  and  men  cruising  on  vessels 
loaned  to  the  Naval  Militia  w^ill  be  promptly  paid  by  the  State  dis- 
bursing officers  for  Federal  funds. 

5.  It  is  recommended  that  all  Naval  Militia  officers  and  men  read 
these  reports  carefully,  as  they  contain  many  points  of  value. 

6.  It  is  thought  best  to  publish  the  reports  of  these  cruises  in  pam- 
phlet form,  while  they  are  yet  fresh  in  the  mind,  instead  of  waiting  for 
their  publication  in  the  Annual  Report  of  the  Division  of  Naval 
Militia  Affairs. 

F.  B.  BASSETT,  JR. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 


SS^S10  :::::&: 


u^iii  is^s  WwsSS&'fe'iN!  *44yi4i 

KSjwSasSoJa^wQHStlSSobSSob^SAiiioJL^wSAw, 


6  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 

The  following  cruises  were  also  made,  but  as  there  were  no  officers 
from  the  United  States  Navy  on  board  the  reports  are  not  included: 

Illinois— U.  S.  S.  Dubuque,  June  28  to  July  11. 
Illinois— U.  S.  S.  Dubuque,  July  19  to  August  1. 
New  Jersey— U.  S.  S.  Vixen,  July  18  to  August  1. 
New  York— U.  S.  S.  Gloucester,  July  25  to  August  2. 
New  York— U.  S.  S.  Gloucester,  August  22  to  August  30. 
New  York— U.  S.  S.  Hawk,  August  28  to  September  5. 

Florida  has  been  given  permission  to  make  three  cruises  on  the 
U.  S.  S.  Mackenzie,  but  at  the  date  of  publishing  this  report  these 
cruises  have  not  been  made. 

The  following  questions  were  prepared  for  the  use  of  officers  in 
m  aking  their  reports  and  were,  in  general,  followed : 

1.  Itinerary;  miles  steamed. 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way. 

4.  Complement:  (a)  Officers;  (6)  crew,    (1)    seamen   branch,    (2)   engineer   force, 
(3)  artificers;  (c)  marines. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner? 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and   life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

17.  Man-overboard  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  men  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?     (a)  Hull?     (6)  Machinery? 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

29.  Remarks. 

30.  In  case  target  practice  is  held  you  will  be  chief  umpire  and  will  make  reports 
in  accordance  with  the  Gunnery  Instructions,  Naval  Militia,  which  will  be  found  on 
board. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 

CALIFORNIA— U.  S.  S.  MABBLBHEAD. 

Lieut.  Commander  W.  V.  TOMB,  United  States  Navy. 
1.  Itinerary: 


Port  visited. 

Date  of 
arrival. 

Date  of 
depart- 
ure. 

San  Francisco  Cal 

1914. 

1914. 
June  28 

Santa  Cruz  Cal 

June  28 

Do 

Santa  Barbara,  Cal        .     .                                  

June  29 

June  30 

San  Pedro  Cal 

June  30 

July     1 

San  Diego,  Cal  

July     1 

July     2 

Target  grounds  off  South.  Coronado  Island  

July     2 

July    3 

San^Diego  Cal 

July     3 

July     5 

Target  grounds  

July    5 

July     7 

San  Diego  (coaling  station)      .      ..                 .           

July     7 

July    8 

San  Pedro  Cal 

July     9 

July    9 

Santa  Barbara  Cal 

do 

Do 

Santa  Cruz,  Cal      .      .               .                 

July  10 

July  12 

Sausalito  Cal 

July  12 

Miles  steamed,  1,002.9. 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 
In  port,  88  tons;  at  sea,  238  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway: 
10.333  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

Naval  Militia  California,  256;  (a)  officers,  32;  (6)  crew,  224;  United  States  Navy,  48; 
(a)  officers,  2;  (6)  crew,  46. 

(1)  Seaman  branch,  169.     Number  in  each  rating  as  follows:  1  chief  quartermaster; 
1  chief  mastei-at-arms;  3  coxswains;  2  gunners'  mates,  first  class;  2  gunners'  mates, 
third  class;  5  boatswains'  mates,  first  class;  4  boatswains'  mates,  second  class;  1  mas- 
ter-at-arms,  first  class;  6  masters-at-arms,  second  class;  2  masters-at-arms,  third  class; 
7  quartermasters,  first  class;  4  quartermasters,  second  class;  3  quartermasters,  third 
class;  and  128  seamen. 

(2)  Engineer  force,  36.     Number  in  each  rating  as  follows:  3  chief  machinists' 
mates;  1  coppersmith;  3  electricians,  first  class,  (G);  2  machinist  mates,  second  class; 
16  firemen,  first  class;  3  oilers,  and  8  coal  passers.     Thirty- five  seamen  volunteered 
for  duty  with  the  engineer  force  and  remained  with  the  engineer  department  through- 
out the  cruise. 

(3)  Artificers  and  miscellaneous  branches,  as  follows:  1  chief  hospital  steward, 
1  chief  commissary  steward,  3  hospital  apprentices,  4  electricians,  second  class  (R); 
1  ships'  cook,  first  class;  2  ships'  cooks,  second  class;  2  yeomen,  first  class;  3  yeomen, 
second  class;  and  2  yeomen,  third  class. 

(c)  No  marines  on  board. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 
George  W.  Bauer,  captain,  commanding. 

A.  A.  Morey,  commander,  executive  officer. 
George  E.  Kammerer,  lieutenant  commander,  first  lieutenant. 
T.  B.  W.  Leland,  lieutenant  commander  and  chief  surgeon. 
William  Speck,  lieutenant  commander  and  chief  engineer. 

A.  H.  Woodbine,  lieutenant  commander,  watch  and  division  officer. 
T.  S.  Harloe,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

John  A.  McGee,  lieutenant,  ordnance  officer. 

John  T.  McMillan,  lieutenant,  navigator. 

D.  M.  Stewart,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

George  E.  Link,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

C.  J.  Bauer,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

J.  H.  Willey,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

H.  A.  Leopold,  lieutenant,  senior  assistant  to  engineer  officer. 

R.  W.  Clark,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

J.  Gallagher,  lieutenant  (junior  grade)  and  assistant  surgeon. 

B.  H.  Bush,  lieutenant  (junior  grade)  and  assistant  surgeon. 

C.  W.  Wright,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 


8  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

J.  Stange,  chief  carpenter. 

R.  H.  Baker,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

L.  W.  Kurtzmann,  pharmacist. 

H.  K.  Koebig,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

W.  J.  Ashley,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

W.  E.  Hubbard,  ensign,  junior  engineer  officer. 

D.  H.  Armstrong,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 
F.  R.  Seaver,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

R.  A.  Stern,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 
H.  S.  Haynes,  ensign,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 
N.  Taylor,  gunner. 

E.  A.  Brainard,  machinist. 

E.  Mossbacher,  lieutenant  (junior  grade)  and  assistant  paymaster. 
J.  C.  Hizar,  ensign  and  assistant  paymaster. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
eeamanlike  manner? 

Yes. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced? 

Yes. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  underway  accomplished? 
Excellent. 

9.  At  sea,  were  lifebuoy  and  lookout  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes;  properly  stationed  but  not  regularly  relieved.  On  account  of  shortage  in  the 
number  of  the  regular  crew  on  board  the  ship's  routine  did  not  run  as  smoothly  as  on 
a  regular  man  of  war. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  the  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
Efficiency  at  target  practice  was  very  good,  but  on  account  of  the  large  number  of 

guns  crews  firing  from  3-pounder  guns  and  the  small  number  of  3-pound er  guns  on 
board  it  was  not  possible  to  make  the  general  station  bill  work  with  the  target  practice 
stations.  In  the  same  way,  on  account  of  the  large  number  of  4-inch  guns  on  board 
and  the  comparatively  small  number  of  guns'  crews  used  to  fire  them  it  was  difficult 
to  make  the  general  station  bill  and  the  target  practice  stations  coincide.  Further- 
more, there  is  no  regular  fire  control  installation  on  board  the  Marblehead.  The  pres- 
ent allowance  of  flexible  voice  tube  is  very  satisfactory  for  elementary  target  practice, 
but  a  suitable  and  permanent  fire  control  installation  should  be  provided  for  use  at 
general  quarters  if  the  drill  at  general  quarters  is  to  be  taken  seriously  and  not  made 
perfunctory. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
First  drill  unsatisfactory;  second  drill  very  satisfactory. 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Collision  drill  was  not  held,  although  the  collision  mat  was  ready  for  use  and  the 
regular  crew  had  been  drilled  in  its  use,  so  that  they  were  ready  to  further  instruct  the 
Naval  Militia  if  the  drill  had  been  carried  out. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Abandon  ship  drill  was  not  held .  Attention  is  invited  to  the  difficulty  which  would 
be  experienced  in  supplying  provisions  at  abandon  ship  drill  to  the  Naval  Militia  due 
to  the  fact  that  it  is  impossible  to  keep  abandon  ship  stores  in  the  designated  locality 
for  use  at  abandon  ship. 

It  is  not  possible  to  expect  the  Naval  Militia  to  carry  out  an  abandon-ship  drill  in 
the  same  manner  as  men  of  the  regular  complement  of  a  cruising  vessel  unless  a  cruising 
vessel  having  on  board  one-half  of  the  regular  complement  is  designated  to  instruct 
the  Naval  Militia,  using  the  Naval  Militia  to  fill  the  regular  complement. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 
None. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 
None  held. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 

Not  held.  Regular  crew  were  in  readiness  to  act  as  instructors  if  the  drill  had  been 
held. 

18.  Did  signal  men,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  lifebuoy  perform  their  duty  effi- 
ciently? 

Yes. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  9 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:   What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniform? 

Bags  and  hammocks  were  not  in  good  condition,  because  each  man  was  provided 
with  only  one  hammock,  and  when  this  hammock  became  dirty  there  was  no  way  of 
shifting  into  clean  hammocks.  The  same  statement  applies  to  bags. 

On  account  of  not  receiving  supplies  of  uniforms  in  sufficient  time,  the  men  of  the 
Naval  Militia  were  very  short  of  uniforms.  Although  their  clothes  worn  aboard  ship 
were  dirty  and  could  not  be  shifted,  they  looked  very  well  when  going  ashore  on  lib- 
erty, as  their  one  suit  of  blue  clothes  was  kept  for  this  special  purpose. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Condition  of  the  bedding  was  as  good  as  could  be  expected  under  the  circumstances. 
Stowage  facilities  were  entirely  too  small  in  the  hammock  nettings.  The  ship  was  so 
crowded  with  officers  and  men  that  every  a v  liable  corner  had  to  be  used  for  stowing 
hammocks,  bedding,  or  gear  of  some  sort.  The  men  were  as  a  rule  unable  to  lash  their 
hammocks,  usually  merely  rolling  them  up  on  the  deck.  Daily  drills  were  held,  in 
which  men  of  the  regular  crew  instructed  members  of  the  Naval  Militia  in  the  proper 
method  of  lashing  their  hammocks,  but  the  proportion  of  the  Naval  Militia  crew  to 
the  regular  crew  was  so  greatly  in  excess  that  here  again  much  difficulty  was  found 
in  properly  giving  instructions. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?     (a)  Hull?     (6)  Machinery? 
Good. 

(a)  Hull,  very  good.  (6)  Machinery  good,  except  as  follows:  The  tubes  of  both  main 
condensers  are  crystallized,  being  worn  out  in  use.  Both  main  condensers  should  be 
retubed  as  early  as  practicable.  Both  main  engines  need  lining  up.  Port  high- 
pressure  crank-pin  brasses  need  rebabbitting.  Dynamo  engines  should  have  separate 
exhaust  line  to  condenser.  Present  exhaust  allows  exhaust  from  anchor  engine  to 
back  up  in  low-pressure  cylinder  of  dynamo  engines. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  firerooms? 
Good,  except  the  following  condition  of  boilers: 

Tubes  of  boilers  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  and  5  are  pitted.  It  is  considered  advisable  to  retube 
boilers  Nos.  1  and  2. 

The  following  defects  were  noted  upon  return  from  practice  cruise  in  July,  1914 : 

Boiler  No.  1:  The  forward  combustion  chamber  sheets  of  No.  1  boiler  are  slightly 
bulged  around  stay  bolts,  area  of  392  square  inches;  also,  14  leaky  stay  bolts  and  1 
split  tube. 

The  after  combustion  chamber  sheets,  No.  1  boiler,  are  slightly  bulged  around  stay 
bolts,  area  of  392  square  inches;  also,  10  leaky  stay  bolts. 

Boiler  No.  2:  The  forward  combustion  chamber  sheets,  No.  2  boiler,  are  slightly 
bulged  around  stay  bolts,  area  of  490  square  inches;  also,  5  leaky  stay  bolts. 

The  after  combustion  chamber,  No.  2  boiler,  bulged  out  one-eighth  to  one-fourth 
inch,  covering  an  area  of  1,225  square  inches;  also,  14  leaky  stay  bolts  and  1  split  tube. 

Compression  leathers  on  ice  machine  are  burnt. 

Valve  stem  guide  on  port  after  fireroom  auxiliary  feed  pump  is  broken. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Very  good,  except  3-pounder  guns  Nos.  360  and  361,  which  have  weak  counter  recoil 

springs  and  tension  springs,  as  well  as  inefficient  clamp  on  range  dial.     [These  defects 
have  been  reported  to  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance,  and  the  defects  are  being  corrected.] 
Four-inch  battery  is  in  generally  good  condition,  except  that  the  telescope  sights  on 
4-inch  guns  Nos.  50  and  48  are  of  an  obsolete  pattern  and  should  be  replaced 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 

Very  good,  except  cutter  No.  175,  which  was  left  with  the  Naval  Militia  of  San 
Francisco,  Gal.,  during  the  last  visit  of  the  ship  to  the  navy-yard,  and  was  therefore 
not  overhauled  along  with  the  rest  of  the  ship's  boats. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Very  good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

Very  good,  except  thermostats  of  magazines  and  coal  bunkers,  also  revolution  indi- 
cator on  main  shaft,  which  is  of  an  obsolete  and  most  inefficient  type. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
Yes. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  shipkeepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

A  crew  of  40  men  is  on  board  tne  Marblehead  while  in  reserve,  and  the  ship  is  kept 
in  a  generally  very  good  condition.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  the  complement 
should  be  increased  to  at  least  75  men,  in  order  that  not  only  the  ship  may  be  kept  in 
the  best  possible  condition,  but  also  that  an  efficient  nucleus  should  be  available  to 
instruct  the  Naval  Militia  on  practice  cruises. 


10  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

It  is  especially  important  that  a  machinist,  chief  machinist,  or  other  officer  be 
assigned  to  the  Marbleheadior  duty  as  engineer  officer.  It  is  essential  that  the  engineer 
department  should  have  the  supervision  of  a  capable  officer  in  order  to  maintain  the 
department  in  a  high  state  of  efficiency  and  to  instruct  the  officers  of  the  Naval  Militia 
on  practice  cruises. 

29.  Remarks: 

In  order  that  the  future  cruises  of  the  Naval  Militia  may  be  efficient  in  every  way, 
it  is  necessary,  first,  that  the  regular  complement  of  the  Afarblehead  consist  of  at  least 
75  men,  and  preferably  of  125  men.  In  this  case  only  enough  men  of  the  Naval  Militia 
should  be  allowed  to  make  the  cruise  to  bring  the  complement  up  to  250  men. 

This,  however,  would,  seriously  handicap  the  Naval  Militia  of  California  and  they 
would  be  unable  to  fire  the  minimum  of  two  guns'  crews  for  each  State  division. 

The  alternative  method  of  making  a  successful  Naval  Militia  cruise  is  to  obtain  a 
ship  of  sufficient  size  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  Naval  Militia  of  California. 

An  obsolete  battleship  or  large  cruiser  such  as  the  Milwaukee  or  St.  Louis  would 
meet  all  conditions  in  a  most  satisfactory  manner  if  provided  with  a  regular  crew  of 
about  200  men  in  reserve. 

A  ship  of  this  size  provided  with  a  satisfactory  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill,  and 
having  on  board  a  crew  of  200  trained  men  could  assimilate  the  men  of  the  Naval 
Militia  of  California  who  are  available  for  the  summer  cruise,  and  the  ship's  routine 
would  proceed  without  a  hitch,  as  there  would  be  a  running  mate  of  the  Navy  for  each 
man  of  the  Naval  Militia. 

The  same  general  principles  apply  to  the  number  of  Naval  Militia  officers  on  a  cruise. 
Each  officer  of  the  Navy  regularly  assigned  to  the  ship  should  have  the  duty  of  instruct- 
ng  not  more  than  three  or  four  officers  of  the  Naval  Militia. 

TARGET   PRACTICE. 

It  is  well  known  that  ships  of  the  Navy  going  into  commission  are  allowed  a  certain 
period  for  shaking  down,  and  we  are  assuming  too  much  to  expect  the  Naval  Militia 
to  carry  out  all  Navy  drills,  keep  themselves  clean,  promptly  relieve  the  watch,  and  in 
general  carry  out  the  routine  efficiently  unless  they  can  come  aboard  a  naval  vessel 
which  is  already  doing  these  duties  efficiently,  and  unless  they  come  in  such  small 
numbers  that  they  can  be  taken  care  of  by  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  training  ship. 

Under  the  adverse  conditions  of  the  cruise  of  the  militia  June  and  July  1914,  I  wish 
to  invite  the  department's  atteution  to  the  very  good  shooting  done  by  the  Naval 
Militia  of  California. 

It  was  impossible  in  two  weeks'  time  for  the  Naval  Militia  to  accomplish  every  thing 
that  might  be  required  of  the  crew  of  a  regular  naval  vessel,  but  they  gave  most  of 
their  time  and  attention  to  target  practice  and  it  is  believed  that  from  a  target-practice 
point  of  view  the  cruise  was  a  decided  success. 

It  will  be  noted  that  the  total  officers  and  men  of  the  Navy  and  Naval  Militia  who 
made  this  cruise  brought  the  ship's  complement  up  to  304,  which  was  54  in  excess  of 
the  authorized  complement. 

Defects  and  deficiencies  noted  in  the  above  report  are  due  to  the  present  lack 
of  facilities  in  training  and  not  to  any  fault  of  the  Naval  Militia  officers  and  men. 

ILLINOIS— TJ.  S.  S.  ISLA  DE  LUZON. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  K.  F.  SMITH,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary:  Miles. 

Chicago,  111.]  to  Mackinac 336 

Mackinac  to  Rendezvous 26 

Maneuvers  and  to  Bois  Blanc 50 

Bois  Blanc  to  St.  Helena  Island 25 

St.  Helena  to  Harbor  Springs 70 

Maneuvers .- 80 

Harbor  Springs  to  Ludington 60 

Ludington  to  Muskegon... ; 55 

Muskegon  to  Macatawa 30 

Macatawa  to  Chicago 103 

Total : 835 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 
In  port,  5  tons;  at  sea,  9  knots,  16  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  under  way: 

Daring  squadron  maneuvers,  8  knots;    cruising  speed,  9  knots. 

NOTE. — This  vessel  can  easily  make  10  knots. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES.  1914.  11 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers _ 

(6)  Crew: 

Seaman  branch — 

Master-at-arms,  second  class .  .- 

Boatswains'  mates,  second  class 

Coxswains 5 

Gunner's  mate,  second  class • 1 

Gunners'  mates,  third  class 2 

Quartermaster,  second  class 

Quartermaster,  third  class 1 

Seamen 10 

Ordinary  seamen 20 

Apprentice  seamen 60 

Engineers — 

Water  tender 1 

Oilers 3 

Firemen,  first  class : 

Firemen,  second  class 2 

Coal  passers 15 

Artificers — 

Chief  machinist's  mate 

Machinists'  mates,  second  class 4 

Electricians,  first  class 2 

Electricians,  third  class -  -  -  • t     4 

Ship  keepers 11 

Special  branch- 
Chief  yeoman 1 

Yeoman,  second  class 1 

Marines  (orderly) 1 

Total 154 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 

Edward  A.  Evere,  captain,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  commanding  officer  and  captain 
commanding  State  force. 

James  D.  Davidson,  lieutenant,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  executive  officer. 

Otis  W.  Howard,  lieutenant  (junior  grade)  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  (ex-United 
States  Naval  Academy)  navigator. 

James  L.  Foord,  lieutenant  commander,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  engineer. 

Lynn  R.  Rutter,  lieutenant,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  ordinance  and  watch  officer. 

G.  H.  Melvin,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  (ex-United  States 
Naval  Academy)  signal  officer. 

Charles  A.  Costello,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  (United  States  Naval  Medical  Re- 
serve Corps),  surgeon. 

William  A.  Johnson,  lieutenant,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  watch  and  division  officer. 

Gustaf  H.  Brocker,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  watch  and 
division  officer. 

William  A.  Lewis,  ensign,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  junior  engineer. 

Walter  H.  Brown,  ensign,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

L.  G.  Bock,  ensign,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

Walday  Edwards,  ensign,  Illinois  Naval  Reserve,  junior  watch  and  division  officer. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  stationing  of  crew  accomplished  in  a  seaman- 
like  manner? 

Yes;  in  an  exceptional  manner,  considering  the  fact  that  the  Luzon  was  not  turned 
over  to  the  Naval  Militia  until  two  days  before  sailing. 

7.  Had  the  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
No.    This  was  due  to  the  impossibility  of  determining  the  exact  number  of  men 

who  wonld  leave  and  to  the  fact  that  neither  officers  nor  men  had  ever  been  aboard 
the  Luzon.  An  efficient  bill  was,  however,  in  the  process  of  preparation  during  the 
cruise,  and  station  billets  were  given  each  man. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  performed? 
In  a  smart,  seamanlike  manner,  with  crew  at  quarters. 

9.  At  sea,  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 


12  NAVAL  MILITIA  CEUISES  1914. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
Excellent. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Quicklv  and  without  confusion,  in  the  usual  manner. 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed,  what  was  the  condition  of 
the  collision  mat? 

In  an  efficient  manner  with  all  precautions  taken.  Mat  in  poor  shape.  Mat  put 
overboard  under  way  in  four  minutes. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

In  seamanlike  manner.  Boat  facilities  not  sufficient  for  crew.  Those  not  in  boats 
are  provided  with  life  belts.  Not  all  men  know  their  proper  stations,  due  to  unfa- 
miliarity  with  this  ship. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 

Pulling  and  sailing  races  in  all  types  of  boats.    Regular  running  boats. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

All  men  pulled  a  good  cutter  stroke,  but  apparently  were  unfamiliar  with  whale 
boats,  though  they  showed  a  marked  improvement  before  the  end  of  the  cruise. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 

The  men  were  unfamiliar  with  lifeboat  work  and  on  the  first  drill  there  was  some 
confusion  and  the  boat  poorly  manned  and  handled,  no  attempt  being  made  to  don 
belts.  The  coxswain  was  unfamiliar  with  the  use  of  a  steering  oar.  Later  in  the 
cruise  when  a  man  actually  went  overboard  there  was  a  marked  improvement. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  lif  j  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 
Signalmen  generally  poor;  others  good. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  wa*  *fc«  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Fair.  Having  only  two  suits  of  whites,  it  was  extremely  difficult  to  keep  them  in 
clean  clothes,  and  in  matters  of  underclothing,  no  regulation  underclothes  are  issued. 
The  wearing  of  black  gymnasium  slippers  was  a  little  too  common. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Bedding  fair,  but  hammocks  filthy.  There  is  only  one  hammock  per  man,  and  they 
could  not  be  scrubbed  during  the  cruise.  The  hammocks  issued  for  this  cruise  had 
been  sent  to  a  laundry  at  the  completion  of  the  previous  cruise,  about  a  week  before 
the  present  cruise  started,  but  were  not  properly  cleaned,  and  no  time  was  available 
to  scrub  the  hammocks  again.  They  were  therefore  dirty  on  issue. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  shij)?     (a)  Hull?     (6)  Machinery? 

(a)  Hull:  Fair.  (6)  Machinery:  Good,  but  in  need  of  spares,  supplies,  and  tools 
for  proper  maintenance.  Relief  valves  in  cylinders  not  large  enough  to  clear  cylin- 
ders. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 
Clean,  but  in  need  of  paint.     Bilges  clean. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Excellent,  but  tools  needed  for  maintenance. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Good. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Poor.    Ardois  in  need  of  overhaul.    Bunting  rotten. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

Dynamos  and  motors  in  good  shape.  Wiring  in  some  places  poor  and  conduits 
full  of  water.  Blowers  in  need  of  overhaul.  In  need  of  spare  parts. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 

None  installed,  but  should  be.  Previously  this  organization  has  hired  an  outfit 
from  Marconi,  but  at  present  this  company  is  charging  at  the  rate  of  $400  for  the  sea- 
eon,  which  is  considered  exorbitant. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  Navy  ship  keepers  and  men  employed  by  the  State  have  en- 
deavored to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

No  money  available  from  the  State  for  ship  keepers.  At  present  there  are  the  fol- 
lowing ship  keepers  assigned  by  the  department:  1  chief  boatswain's  mate;  1  chief 
machinist's  mate;  1  boatswain's  mate,  first  class;  1  chief  yeoman;  1  gunner's  mate, 
second  class;  2  oilers;  1  water  tender;  2  seamen;  1  ship's  cook,  first  class. 

With  the  present  ship  and  the  amount  of  cruising  done,  I  have  to  recommend  an 


1  fireman,  first  class. 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  13 

The  need  of  the  carpenter  is  particularly  felt,  as  there  is  a  great  deal  of  work  to  be 
lone  on  this  ship  before  she  is  in  good  shape. 

29.  Remarks: 

I  can  not  speak  too  highly  of  the  efficiency  and  preparedness  of  the  part  of  the  Illi- 
nois brigade  present  on  this  cruise.  They  have  worked  under  -extremely  difficult 
circumstances. 

The  Luzon  was  turned  over  to  the  militia  on  Friday,  August  9,  never  having  seen 
the  ship  before,  and  on  Sunday,  two  days  later,  started  on  the  cruise.  The  battery 
of  the  ship  was  in  the  freight  yards  on  Saturday  afternoon,  and  early  Sunday  morning 
the  crew  started  to  work,  and  at  9  a.  m.,  the  time  set  for  sailing,  the  battery  was  not 
only  aboard,  but  also  mounted. 

The  appearance  of  the  ship  has  improved  50  per  cent  during  the  present  cruise, 
though  I  believe  the  changes  recommended  under  the  subhead  of  ship  keepers  will  be 
absolutely  necessary  to  maintain  the  ship  in  condition. 

The  Luzon  is  not  the  proper  ship  for  the  Illinois  brigade.  The  Illinois  brigade 
numbers  550  men  and  40  officers.  The  most  the  Luzon  can  accommodate  with  any 
degree  of  comfort  is  125  men  and  8  officers,  which  would  necessitate  four  cruises 
annually  to  exercise  the  entire  brigade,  allowing  only  one-quarter  of  the  strength  to 
receive  the  benefit  of  the  squadron  maneuvers. 

On  the  present  cruise  there  are  12  officers  and  154  men,  overcrowding  the  ship  to 
such  an  extent  that  the  men  are  obliged  to  sleep  about  the  decks  and  in  boats  and 
necessitating  two  messes.  This  overcrowding  is  due  to  the  fact  that  it  was  believed 
that  the  cruise  would  be  made  on  the  Dubuque  and  the  orders  issued  to  make  up  the 
crew  of  that  vessel. 

Two  other  cruises  of  over  2,000  miles  each  have  already  been  held  in  the  Dubuque. 

There  are  not  enough  officers  of  command  rank  to  make  four  cruises,  and  it  amounts 
to  a  big  monetary  loss  to  the  senior  officers  to  give  up  an  additional  two  weeks  if  this 
vessel  is  retained.  With  the  interest  evinced  by  both  officers  and  men  in  Naval  Militia 
work  it  is  extremely  desirable  to  arrange  if  possible  to  take  the  entire  force  on  not  more 
than  two  cruises. 

During  the  summer  months  the  Illinois  brigade  make  Saturday  and  Sunday  cruises 
each  week  in  addition  to  their  drill  period  of  two  hours  and  a  half  drill  weekly. 

They  have  purchased  an  old  lake  freighter  with  private  capital,  rebuilt  her,  and 
turnea  her  into  a  floating  armory,  with  drill  halls,  rifle  ranges,  locker  rooms,  etc.  In 
addition,  they  have  a  4  and  a  3  inch  gun  mounted  with  dotter  gears  which  they  use 
during  the  winter  months.  They  run  a  regular  wardroom  mess,  where  the  officers 
lunch  during  the  week.  This  brings  the  officers  together  almost  daily,  and  naturally 
the  result  is  extremely  beneficial. 

In  addition  to  the  above  drills  during  the  winter  months,  school  is  held  on  the 
steamship  Commodore  on  Sunday  mornings  for  the  officers,  where  they  take  up  the 
study  of  navigation,  gunnery,  etc.  There  are,  I  believe,  8  officers  who  hold  pilots' 
licenses  for  the  Great  Lakes  and  St.  Lawrence  River.  This  organization  seems  to  be 
particularly  lucky  in  its  choice  of  officers,  especially  the  heads  of  departments. 

Capt.  Evers,  who  is  in  command  of  the  entire  force  of  the  Illinois  Militia,  in  addi- 
tion to  command  of  the  Luzon,  is  an  extremely  efficient  and  forceful  man  and  would 
be  a  credit  to  the  regular  service.  The  same  can  be  said  of  the  other  heads  of  depart- 
ments. 

Mr.  Foord,  the  engineer  officer,  is  chief  inspector  for  the  Hartford  Boiler  Insurance 
Co.,  and  his  assistant,  Mr.  Lewis,  is  an  engineer  with  the  Otis  Elevator  Co.  Both  of 
these  men  naturally  are  expert  engineers  and  could  take  their  place  in  case  of  need 
immediately. 

Mr.  Rutter,  the  ordnance  officer,  is  a  highly  trained  man  also,  and  has  made  a  cruise, 
as  has  Mr.  Lewis,  with  the  fleet. 

Mr.  Davidson,  the  executive,  who  has  made  one  cruise  with  the  fleet,  is  a  hard  and 
efficient  worker,  and  should  be  given  more  opportunity  to  become  familiar  with 
customs  of  the  service  and  routine  work. 

Mr.  Howard  and  Mr.  Melvin  are  both  ex-Naval  Academy  men  and  extremely 
enthusiastic.  The  watch  and  division  officers  are  enthusiastic  also,  but  lack  experi- 
ence and  know  practically  nothing  of  the  customs  and  routine  of  the  service.  All 
of  these  officers  should  be  encouraged  to  spend  as  much  time  with  the  fleet  as 
possible. 

I  believe  with  the  passage  of  the  Naval  Militia  bill  the  department  will  find  the 
officers  of  this  organization  not  only  willing  but  anxious  to  avail  themselves  of  the 
privilege  of  joining  the  fleet  as  often  as  business  permits. 

In  case  of  trouble  I  believe  the  entire  eniisted  personnel  could  be  utilized  at  once 
and  in  two  weeks'  time  be  as  useful  and  many  of  them  more  so  than  the  men  received 
from  the  training  stations.  What  the  enlisted  personnel  need  more  than  any  thing 


14  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  19U. 

else  is  a  knowledge  of  customs  of  the  service  and  experience  in  keeping  both  them- 
selves and  their  quarters  clean,  both  as  to  person  and  clothes.  This  would  come  natur- 
ally after  a  few  weeks'  continuous  ship  life,  but  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  make  them 
realize  the  necessity  during  only  a  two  weeks'  cruise. 

In  regard  to  supplies  and  tools,  this  ship  is  in  urgent  need  of  tools  and  supplies  in 
all  departments.  Very  few  tools  were  turned  over  with  the  ship  and  jepairs  have  been 
difficult  on  this  cruise. 

On  future  cruises  I  have  also  to  recommend  that  the  advisory  officer  be  detaile( 
from  thje  fleet  in  order  that  the  organization  may  receive  the  benefits  of  the  newt 
developments  in  the  fleet.  I  have  also  to  recommend  that  an  officer  be  detailed  by 
the  department  as  an  instructor  to  the  Naval  Militia  officers,  giving  them  at"  least  two 
days  a  month.  The  officers  seem  to  be  extremely  anxious  to  learn  the  theory  as  well 
as  practice  of  the  various  branches,  and  I  believe  they  should  be  assisted  in  every 
way  possible. 

LOUISIANA— U.  S.  S.  AMPHITBITE. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  B.  H.  BRUCE,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  The  following  is  a  brief  outline  of  the  cruise  of  the  Louisiana  Naval  Militia  on 
the  U.  S.  S.  Amphitrite,  July  11  to  July  20,  1914: 

Saturday,  July  11. 

Officers  and  men  reported  during  forenoon. 

Quarters  at  11  a.  m. 

Billets  assigned,  crew  stationed,  and  stores  received  during  day. 

Cast  off  moorings  and  got  underway  at  5.45  p.  m.     Foul  anchor. 

Stood  down  river  at  7  p.  m. 

Sunday,  July  12. 

Anchored  in  South  Pass,  just  above  Port  Eads,  at  8  a.  m.f  on  account  of  heavy  rains 
with  fresh  breezes. 
Quarters  for  muster  at  9.30  a.  m. 

Monday,  July  IS. 

Underway  at  5.40  a.  m.  and  stood  out  for  Ship  Island. 

Quarters  at  9.30  a.  m. 

Instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for  fire  drill,  followed  by  fire  drill. 

Man-overboard  drill. 

Instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for  collision  drill  in  afternoon,  followed  by  col- 
lision drill. 

Instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for  abandon  ship. 

The  surgeon  instructed  the  fourth  division  in  hygiene  and  first  aid. 

Port  low-pressure  ahead  eccentric  rod  wrist  pin  broke  at  10.45  a.  m.  Continued 
under  starboard  engine  until  2.13  p.  m.,  when  repairs  were  completed. 

Anchored  off  Ship  Island  channel  at  8.05  p.  m. 

Tuesday,  July  U. 

Pilot  conducted  ship  to  anchorage  in  lee  of  Ship  Island,  C.  15  to  7.45  a.  m. 
Quarters  for  muster  at  9.30  a.  m. 

Forenoon  devoted  to  cleaning  and  preparation  for  port. 

In  afternoon,  instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for  clear  ship  for  action  and  general 
quarters. 

The  surgeon  instructed  the  first  division  in  hygiene  and  first  aid. 
Recreation  parties  to  Ship  Island,  7  to  9  p.  m. 

Wednesday,  July  15. 
Quarters  at  9.30  a.  m. 
Collision  and  abandon  ship  drills. 
In  afternoon,  scrub  and  wash  clothes. 

All  boats  were  taken  to  the  beach  in  charge  of  officers  and  scrubbed  with  sand. 
Recreation  parties  to  Ship  Island  in  evening. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CKUISES   1914.  15 

Thursday,  July  16. 

Quarters  at  9.30  a.  m.     Ship  cleared  for  action  and  exercised  at  general  quarters. 
In  afternoon  boats  exercised  under  oars,  in  formation,  in  obedience  to  signals,  fol- 
lowed by  independent  sailing  exercises. 

At  7  p.  m.  the  first  and  second  divisions  were  instructed  in  night  signals. 
Recreation  parties  to  Ship  Island  in  evening. 

Friday,  July  17. 

Quarters  at  9.30  a.  m.,  followed  by  physical  exercises. 

Instruction  was  given  the  various  divisions  during  the  forenoon  as  follows: 

First  period: 

First  division,  signals,  flag  hoists. 

Second  division,  10-inch  turrets,  guns,  and  ammunition. 

Third  division,  4-inch  guns  and  ammunition. 

Fourth  division,  1-pounder  and  3-pounder  guns  and  ammunition. 

Fifth  division,  instruction  in  stowage  and  supply  of  ammunition  (powder). 
Second  period: 

First  division,  10-inch  turrets,  guns,  and  ammunition. 

Second  division,  hygiene  and  first  aid, 

Third  division,  ground  tackle. 

Fourth  division,  4-inch  guns  and  ammunition. 

Fifth  division,  hygiene  and  first  aid. 

In  the  afternoon  boats  exercised,  independently,  under  sail,  after  which  all  boats 
were  beached  and  the  boats  and  boat  gear  scrubbed  with  sand. 
At  7  p.  in.,  third  and  fourth  divisions  were  instructed  in  night  signals. 
Recreation  parties  to  Ship  Island  in  the  evening. 

Saturday,  July  18. 

Morning  and  forenoon,  general  field  day. 

In  afternoon  published  Articles  for  the  Government  of  the  Navy,  and  held  general 
muster. 
Made  preparations  for  sea. 

Sunday,  July  19. 

Underway  at  5.20  a.  m.,  and  stood  out  for  South  Pass.  Pilot  conducted  ship  to 
entrance  of  channel. 

Quarters  for  muster  at  9.20  a.  m. 

Arrived  at  South  Pass  at  6  p.  m.  and  took  bar  pilot.  Took  river  pilot  at  head  of 
passes. 

Monday,  July  20. 

Quarters  at  9.30  a.  m.     Inspected  bags  and  hammocks.     Preparations  for  mooring 
ship. 
Anchored  at  10.40  and  completed  mooring  to  bank  at  11.30  a.  m. 

2.  Itinerary:  Miles. 

(a)  Left  New  Orleans  July  11,  7  p.  m.;  arrived  Port  Eads  July  12,  8  a.  m.         97 
Left  Port  Eads  July  13,  5.40  a.  m.;  arrived  off  Ship  Island  July  13, 

8.05  p.  m 95 

Left  Ship  Island  Channel  July  14,  6.15  a.  m. ;  arrived  Ship  Island  July 

14,  7.45  a.  m 7 

Left  Ship  Island  July  19,  5.20  a.  m.;  arrived  New  Orleans  July  20. 
10.40  a.  m 195 


Total  distance  steamed  (approximately) 394 

(6)  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway,  6.764  knot*. 

Ions. 

(c)  Coal  consumed,  steaming 93 

Coal  consumed,  port 1 : 54 

Total 147 

64628°— 14 2 


16 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


3.  Complement: 
(a)  Officers. 


19 


(6)  Crew— 

1.  Seaman  branch. 

2.  Engineer  force.. 

3.  Artificer  branch. 

4.  Special  branch.. 


80 

21 

1 

12 

, 114 

(c)  [NOTE. — The  marines  formed  one  deck  division  for  the  purposes  of  the 
cruise.     They  were  rated  and  paid  as  seamen.] 

(d)  Sixteen  civilian  firemen  and  two  cooks  were  hired  for  the  trip. 
4.  Officers: 


Total. 


Name. 

Rank. 

Duty  performed. 

J  W  Bostick 

Commanding 

Lieutenant  commander        .... 

Executive  officer 

J  A  Henderson 

Surgeon  

Senior  medical  officer 

W  H  'Woods 

Passed  assistant  surgeon 

Assistant  medical  officer 

W   L  Abbott 

Paymaster 

Pay  officer 

G  W  Robotham 

Lieutenant              .               .... 

Gunnery  officer 

G  W   Lawes    ' 

Civil  engineer 

Navigator 

F  S  Scanlon 

Lieutenant       

Senior  engineer  officer 

H  B  Carroll         

do  

Watch  and  division. 

J  H  Warner 

do          

Do. 

J  P  Mulvey 

do 

Do 

C  W  J  Neville 

do          

Do. 

J.  W.  Archer  

Lieutenant  (junior  grade)  

Do. 

G  G  Blardone 

do     

Junior  watch  and  division 

D  C  Carey 

do 

Do 

W  F  Rackle 

Ensign  

Do. 

E  V  Lucy 

do 

Do. 

C  M  Burgdahi      

..do     

Do. 

P  H  Pollard 

Boatswain 

Do. 

5.  Stationing  of  crew: 

A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  was  prepared  and  posted  prior  to  the  cruise. 
The  men  were  assigned  billets  and  instructed  in  their  stations  and  duties  during 
the  first  day,  as  opportunity  offered.  The  necessary  handling  of  stores  coming  on 
board  interrupted  this  work  from  time  to  time. 

6.  Getting  under  way: 

The  evolution  of  getting  under  way  was  always  accomplished  with  all  divisions  at 
quarters.  The  anchor  gear,  except  anchor  engine,  was  efficiently  handled  by  the 
first  division,  under  the  direction  of  Chief  Boatswain  Shanahan,  United  States  Navy, 
and  the  chief  boatswain's  mate  of  the  regular  reserve  complement.  Some  trouble 
was  experienced  in  tiering  the  chain,  due  to  the  inexperience  of  the  men  sent  below 
for  that  purpose.  A  foul  anchor  when  getting  under  way  the  first  time  presented  a 
valuable  object  lesson. 

7.  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches: 

Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  regularly  relieved 
while  at  sea. 

8.  Night  watches: 

On  the  first  night  at  sea  the  lifeboat  crews  and  men  of  the  watches  were  not  prop- 
erly mustered  or  reported,  although  they  were  on  deck  and  stood  their  watches. 
This  was  due  to  a  lack  of  knowledge  of  ship  routine  on  the  part  of  the  officers.  1 
instructed  the  officers  in  these  particulars  and  thereafter  the  watch  and  lifeboat 
crew  were  properly  mustered  and  reported  to  the  officer  of  the  deck  at  the  beginning 
of  each  watch. 

9.  General  quarters — Clear  ship  for  action: 

(a)  The  divisions  were  instructed  in  their  stations  and  duties  at  clear  ship  for 
action  and  general  quarters  on  Tuesday  afternoon,  July  14,  and  the  drill  was  held 
on  the  morning  of  Thursday,  July  16.  The  ship  was  cleared  and  all  hands  at  then- 
stations  for  general  quarters  1  hour  and  12  minutes  after  the  word  was  passed.  With 
the  exception  of  a  few  minor  details  the  ship  was  properly  cleared  for  action. 

(6)  General  quarters  was  carried  out  in  a  very  efficient  manner.  The  various 
details  were  well  worked  out  and  the  battery  was  properly  cast  loose  and  prepared 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  17 

for  action.    Officers  and  men  were  correctly  stationed  and  understood  their  duties. 
The  gun  crews  demonstrated  a  lack  of  experience  at  great  gun  drill,  however. 

(c)  The  waste  return  pipe  (hydraulic)  in  the  after  turret  leaks  so  badly  that  the 
turret  can  not  be  operated.  A  similar  condition  in  the  forward  turret  hampered  the 
the  drill  there  to  a  considerable  extent. 

10.  Fire  drill: 

Fire  drill  was  held  while  under  way  on  the  morning  of  Monday,  July  13,  immediately 
following  instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for  same.  Three  streams  were  put  on  the 
scene  of  the  fire  in  a  little  less  than  2  minutes.  Other  details  of  the  drill  were  carried 
out  quickly  and  efficiently,  with  the  exception  that  no  axmen  or  smotherers  were 
detailed. 

11.  Collision  drills: 

(a)  Two  collision  drills  were  held — the  first  one  while  under  way  on  the  afternoon 
of  Monday,  July  13,  immediately  following  instruction  in  stations  and  duties  for 
same.  This  drill  was  performed  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner.  The  mat  was  ready 
on  the  starboard  side  of  the  forecastle  four  minutes  after  the  call,  all  water-tight  doors 
and  hatches  having  been  reported  closed  in  the  meantime.  The  hogging  lines  were 
not  rove  and  the  mat  was  not  put  over  the  side. 

(6)  The  second  drill  was  held  while  at  anchor  on  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  July 
15.  Hatches  and  water-tight  doors  were  reported  in  good  time  and  the  mat  was  in 
place  over  the  side  (starboard  forecastle)  in  7  minutes.  Considering  the  limited  expe- 
rience of  the  officers  and  men,  the  drill  was  remarkably  well  done. 

(c)  The  collision  mat  with  its  gear  is  in  excellent  condition. 

12.  Abandon  ship: 

Abandon  ship  followed  immediately  after  collision  drill.  The  boats  were  equipped 
and  manned  at  their  stations,  shoved  off,  and  formed  in  column  on  either  side  of  the 
ship.  The  last  boat  shoved  off  9  minutes  after  the  word  was  passed.  The  Amphitrite 
is  not  equipped  with  emergency  rations  and  no  rations  were  provided  for  this  drill. 
Boat  compasses,  rifles,  and  ammunition  were  lacking  in  all  boats.  The  responsibility 
for  the  poor  showing  at  this  drill  lies  with  the  division  officers,  who  failed  to  familiarize 
themselves  with  the  instructions  contained  in  the  boat  book. 

13.  Boat  drills: 

(a)  On  the  afternoon  of  Thursday,  July  16,  all  boats  were  formed  in  column,  abreast 
the  ship,  under  oars,  and  the  flotilla  was  put  through  simple  tactical  evolutions  by  sig- 
nal from  the  ship.  Following  this,  masts  were  stepped  and  sail  was  set  on  the  port 
tack  in  obedience  to  signal,  after  which  the  boats  exercised  independently  under  sail. 

Jb)  On  the  afternoon  of  the  next  day  boats  were  exercised  independently  under 
. 

(c)  Officers  and  men  lack  experience  with  boats  and  with  boat  signals;  but,  taking 
this  fact  into  consideration,  they  made  a  very  creditable  showing.  More  attention 
should  be  paid  to  boat  exercises  at  the  periodical  drills  throughout  the  year. 

14.  Man-overboard  drill: 

Man-overboard  drill  was  held  at  sea  on  the  morning  of  Monday,  July  13.  Instruc- 
tion in  stations  and  duties  for  same  had  been  given  shortly  before  and  the  exercise 
was  not  unexpected.  A  box  was  thrown  overboard  from  the  bridge  and  the  word 
passed.  One  metal  and  one  cork  life  buoy  were  dropped  within  a  few  feet  of  the  box 
and  on  the  side  nearest  the  ship.  A  lee  was  made  for  the  lifeboat,  which  was  manned 
(an  ensign  in  charge)  and  lowered  in  45  seconds.  Flag  signals  were  used  to  indicate 
the  proper  direction  to  the  lifeboat.  The  coxswain  and  bowman  of  the  boat  were 
enlisted  men  of  the  Navy,  the  remainder  of  the  crew  being  composed  of  members  of 
the  Naval  Militia.  The  life  buoys  were  picked  up  and  returned  to  the  ship  in  good 
time,  although  poor  oarsmanship  was  displayed.  The  sea  was  smooth  with  gentle 
breezes. 

15.  Signalmen,  lookouts,  and  life-buoy  watches. 

Signalmen,  lookouts,  and  life-buoy  watches  were  almost  wholly  ignorant  of  their 
duties  until  instructed  by  the  officers,  after  which  they  stood  their  watches  efficiently. 

16.  (a)  Bagr  and  hammocks  were  inspected  shortly  before  the  ship  reached  her 
moorings  at  the  end  of  the  cruise. 

(6)  The  clothes  with  few  exceptions  were  very  dirty.  Some  were  rolled  while 
others  were  folded.  None  of  the  men  were  supplied  with  stops.  None  of  the  bags 
were  properly  laid  out,  both  officers  and  men  seeming  to  lack  knowledge  on  this 
point. 

(c)  No  mattresses  or  bedding  were  supplied  the  men  and  they  slept  in  the  bare 
hammocks. 

17.  Target  practice: 

No  target  practice  was  held,  due  to  nonreceipt  of  targets  and  ammunition. 


18  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

18.  Hull  and  machinery  (including  engine  and  fire  rooms). 

The  general  condition  of  the  hull  and  machinery  of  the  Amphitrite  is  very  good 
throughout.  There  is  considerable  improvement  over  conditions  reported  by  the 
Board  of  Inspection  and  Survey  for  Ships  on  February  2,  1912.  Considering  the 
greatly  reduced  complement,  the  efforts  of  the  commanding  officer  and  crew  in  pre- 
venting deterioration  have  been  most  successful  and  they  merit  praise  for  the  results 
obtained. 

19.  Battery: 

The  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories  are  in  excellent  condition,  except  the 
waste  return  pipes  (hydraulic)  in  both  turrets.  These  pipes  are  so  worn  and  leaky 
(beyond  repair)  as  to  practically  put  the  turrets  out  of  commission.  The  commanding 
officer  has  requested  their  renewal,  but  without  result  so  far. 

20.  Boats: 

The  boats  are  in  good  condition,  but  suffer  somewhat  from  being  kept  out  of  the  water 
much  of  the  time.  This  is  necessary  owing  to  conditions  in  the  river  where  the  ship 
is  moored. 

21.  Signal  outfit: 

The  signal  outfit  is  in  excellent  condition.  The  Ardois  board  should  be  replaced 
with  one  conforming  to  the  Morse  code.  A  truck  light  controller  is  also  needed. 

22.  Electrical  apparatus: 

The  ship  is  equipped  with  one  General  Electric  four-pole  and  one  Siemans  two-pole 
generator.  The  latter  produces  a  very  unsteady  current.  It  was  noticed  that  the  field 
windings  were  very  warm  while  the  machine  was  running.  The  commanding  officer 
states  that  the  wiring  and  internal  communications  are  not  in  good  condition. ' 

23.  Radio: 

A  new  radio  outfit  is  to  be  installed  shortly.  A  temporary  installation  was  made, 
using  part  of  the  Stranger's  outfit,  but  very  poor  results  were  obtained. 

24.  Remarks  (Naval  Militia): 

The  commanding  officer,  officers,  and  men  of  the  Naval  Militia  worked  hard  and 
obtained  very  good  results.  With  few  exceptions  the  officers  lack  experience  and 
knowledge  of  ship  drills  and  routine.  All,  however,  were  anxious  to  learn,  and  they 
gladly  received  and  carried  out  suggestions  for  improvement. 

The  officers  of  the  deck  performed  their  duties  as  well  as  could  be  expected,  con- 
sidering their  inexperience.  At  sea,  the  captain,  executive  officer,  or  navigator  was 
always  on  the  bridge.  Pilots  were  taken  whenever  possible. 

It  is  unfortunate  that  results  were  necessarily  limited  by  the  lack  of  knowledge 
and  experience  of  the  officers.  This  would  not  have  been  the  case  had  the  cruise 
been  made  on  a  vessel  of  the  Navy  in  full  commission,  where  all  could  have  learned  by 
observing  officers  and  men  of  the  regular  service  in  the  performance  of  their  duties. 

The  enlisted  men  were  anxious  to  learn  and  performed  the  work  laid  out  for  them 
cheerfully  and  efficiently.  There  was  a  decided  lack  of  experienced  petty  officers. 

Officers  and  men  lacked  experience  at  seamanship,  great  guns,  signals,  and  boats. 
More  attention  should  be  paid  to  these  branches  at  the  periodical  drills  during  the  year. 

The  presence  of  a  number  of  civilian  firemen  on  board,  who  were  hired  for  the  cruise, 
was  not  conducive  to  good  discipline.  It  seems  to  be  almost  impossible  to  get  good 
firemen  to  enlist  in  the  militia. 

It  is  suggested  that  at  the  weekly  drills  more  attention  be  paid  to  seamanship  and 
ship  drills,  and  that  greater  advantage  be  taken  of  the  vessels  and  boats  assigned  to 
them  for  the  purpose  of  instruction. 

It  would  be  advisable  to  establish  some  sort  of  school  for  officers. 

MARYLAND— TJ.  S.  S.  MONTGOMERY. 

Ensign  L.  C.  CAREY,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  July  10,  1914,  sailed  for  Tangier  Sound,  Md. 

July  10,  1914,  anchored  near  San  Marcos,  Tangier  Sound. 

July  11,  1914,  laid  off  range  for  record  target  practice  and  began  making  practice 

runs  for  target  practice,  and  exercised  gun  crews  at  subcaliber,  dotter,  and 

loading  gun. 

July  12,  1914,  continued  training  of  gun  crews;  exercised  boats  under  oars. 
July  13,  1914,  made  practice  runs. 
July  13,  1914,  sailed  for  Hampton  Roads. 
July  13,  1914,  arrived  at  Hampton  Roads. 
July  14,  1914,  sailed  for  navy  yard,  Norfolk,  Va. 
July  14,  1914,  arrived  at  navy  yard,  Norfolk,  Va. 
July  15,  1914,  took  on  ammunition  and  stores. 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  19 

July  16,  1914,  sailed  for  Tangier  Sound. 

July  16,  1914,  arrived  at  Tangier  Sound. 

July  17,  1914,  made  practice  runs  and  exercised  at  ship's  and  gun  drills. 

July  17,  1914,  anchored  near  Tangier  Island  Light. 

July  18,  1914,  the  adjutant  general  of  Maryland  came  aboard;  got  underway  and 

held  record  target  practice. 
July  19,  1914,  held  ship  and  boat  drills. 
July  19,  1914,  sailed  for  Baltimore,  Md.;  stopped  off  Annapolis  to  receive  pay  of 

officers  and  men. 

July  20,  1914,  arrived  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
During  this  cruise  the  Montgomery  steamed  a  total  of  425  miles. 

Tons.          Hours. 

2.  Amount  of  coal  used  while  steaming 101.  8          77. 5 

Amount  of  coal  used  while  at  anchor. . .  .  125. 4        152.  5 


Total. 227.  2        230.  0 

3.  The  actual  average  speed  of  the  vessel  under  way  was  5.5  knots.     This  low 
speed  is  accounted  for  by  the  many  hours  spent  on  the  range,  making  practice  runs. 
The  actual  average  cruising  speed  of  the  vessel  was  10.7  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers,  17.  (6)  Crew,  148— (1)  Seaman  branch  89,  (2)  engineer  force  59,  (3) 
artificer's  branch  none,  (c)  Marines,  none. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 

Ralph  Robinson,  commander. 

F.  A.  Savage,  lieutenant  (acting  executive  officer). 

Robert  Phillips,  lieutenant  (navigator). 

S.  B.  Austin,  lieutenant  (ordnance  officer). 

Allen  N.  Malone,  lieutenant  (engineer  officer). 

H.  C.  McElderry,  lieutenant,  second  division. 

J.  Asprill,  lieutenant,  first  division. 

F.  S.  Lynn,  passed  assistant  surgeon. 
H.  L.  Bond,  assistant  paymaster. 

H.  D.  Hodgdon,  ensign,  second  division. 
J.  S.  Goob,  ensign,  third  division. 
E.  A.  Vey,  ensign,  second  division. 
W.  W.  Cook,  ensign,  first  division.    * 
H.  M.  Gambrill,  ensign,  first  division. 
C.  F.  Hoshall,  machinist. 

G.  R.  Marks,  boatswain. 
Emory  Smith,  pay  clerk. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  the  crew's  station  billets  and  their  stationing  accomplished 
hi  a  seamanlike  manner? 

Yes. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced? 

Yes. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 

Very  good.  The  evolution  of  coming  alongside  the  dock  after  midnight,  upon  the 
return  to  Baltimore,  was  performed  in  an  excellent  manner,  and  the  commanding 
officer  deserves  great  credit  for  the  seamanlike  manner  in  which  he  executed  this 
difficult  work. 

9.  At  sea,  were  lookouts  and  life  buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
Very  good. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Excellent. 

13.  Collision  drill:   How  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

This  evolution  was  only  fair,  as  it  took  16  minutes  to  get  the  mat  in  proper  condi- 
tion to  send  over  the  side.  The  mat  was  only  partly  put  over  and  did  not  touch  water 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Very  good. 


20  NAVAL   MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 

Only  boat  drills  under  oars  and  no  attempt  was  made  to  go  through  evolution  in 
formation. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

At  first  the  handling  of  the  oars  was  very  ragged,  but  in  a  few  days  several  boat 
crews  were  developed  that  handled  boats  well. 

17.  Man  overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 

Excellent.  It  required  1  minute  and  30  seconds  before  the  lifeboat  was  cleared  of 
the  ship,  and  in  3  minutes  and  15  seconds  the  dummy  was  picked  up. 

18.  Did  signalman,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 
Yes,  except  there  was  not  an  efficient  signalman  on  board,  and  this  work  was  done 

by  a  Regular  Navy  quartermaster. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Very  good. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 
Very  good. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship? 
(a)  Hull,  fair;   (6)  machinery,  good. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  firerooins? 
Very  good. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Fair. 

Report  on  ordnance  material.     At  target  practice,  July  18,  1914: 

Gun  No.  1,  4-inch  breech-loading  rifle  No.  125,  Mark  V,mod.  2,  O.  D.,  W.  N.  Y., 
1897. — Lost  motion  in  breech  mechanism,  due  probably  to  wear.  When  breech  is 
closed  smartly,  operating  lever  rebounds  and  rotates  block  sufficiently  to  break  elec- 
trical connection  so  that  piece  fails  to  fire.  This  caused  considerable  delay  and  inac- 
curacy in  firing. 

Gun  No.  2,  4-inch  breech-loading  rifle  No.  140,  Mark  V,  mod.  2,  O.  D.,  W.  N.  Y., 
1897.— Same  difficulties  as  No.  1. 

Gun  No.  3,  4-inch  breech-loading  rifle  No.  164,  Mark  V,  mod.  2,  American  Ord- 
nance Co.,  1898. — This  gun  did  not  show  the  same  trouble  as  the  others,  but  during 
the  firing  the  tray  latch  pivot  pin  jarred  out,  on  account  of  extremely  loose  fitting,  and 
threw  the  gun  out  of  commission  so  that  one  shot  was  lost 

Gun  No.  4,  4-inch  breech-loading  rifle  No.  310,  Mark  V,  mod.  2,  O.  D.,  W.  N.  Y., 
1904.— Same  difficulties  as  No.  1. 

No.  1,  3-pounder,  Mark  10,  mod.  2,  No.  509. — This  gun  functioned  properly  in 
every  respect. 

No.  2,  3-pounder,  Mark  10,  mod.  2,  No.  521. — This  gun  functioned  properly  in 
every  respect.  The  defect  in  the  4-inch  guns  seriously  affected  the  scores  made  and  it 
was  impossible  to  remedy  them  with  any  man  on  the  ship.  This  constitutes  a  serious 
handicap. 

24.  Wnat  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Good. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 
Fair. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
No. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

Yes. 

29.  Remarks: 

(a)  The  cruise  of  the  Montgomery  was  a  decided  success  from  every  standpoint,  and 
great  credit  is  due  all  the  officers  and  men  for  the  interest  they  took  in  it,  and  for  the 
efficient  manner  in  which  their  duties  were  performed.  Especial  credit  is  due  the 
commanding  officer,  Commander  Ralph  Robinson;  the  acting  executive  officer, 
Lieut.  F.  Savage;  ordnance  officer,  Lieut.  S.  B.  Austin,  and  the  senior  engineer 
officer,  Lieut.  Allen  Malone,  for  their  efforts  in  the  development  of  the  Naval  Militia 
of  Maryland  and  the  success  in  bringing  it  to  its  present  high  state  of  efficiency. 

(6)  During  the  cruise  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  preserving  meats,  etc., 
because  of  the  lack  of  an  ice  machine  or  cold-storage  plant,  and  it  was  necessary  for 
the  surgeon  to  condemn  much  meat.  It  is  therefore  recommended  that  if  expedient, 
the  Montgomery  be  supplied  with  an  ice  machine  and  cold-storage  plant. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  21 

MASSACHUSETTS— TJ.  S.  S.  CHICAGO. 

Lieut.  Commander  C.  P.  NELSON,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary,  miles  steamed:. 

Five  hundred  and  eighty -seven  miles. 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 
In  port,  127  tons;  at  sea,  309  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way. 
Seven  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers 31 

(&)  Crew— 

(1)  Seaman  branch 362 

(2)  Engineer  force 88 

(3)  Artificers : 

(c)  Marines 32 

(d)  Band 18 

500 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers  (see  list). 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
eeamanlike  manner? 

Yes. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
Yes,  and  billets  ready  to  serve  out. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 
Excellent,  except  for  occasional  difficulty  in  fluke  hooking  under  bow. 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
Very  good. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Very  good. 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed?    What  was  the  condition  of 
the  collision  mat? 

Poor.     Crew  hardly  understood  rigging  of  the  mat. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Good. 

15.  Boat  drills:  WTiat  boat  drills  were  held? 

Boats  under  oars  to  leave  ship,  make  sail  on  signal  and  return. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

Very  good.    A  little  slow  getting  away. 

17.  Man  overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 
Excellent. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  effi- 
ciently? 

Yes. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniform? 

No  regular  bag  inspection  was  held  on  account  of  bad  weather  and  delay  on  target 
range.     General  condition  of  uniforms  and  clothing  very  good. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 
Very  good. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?     (1)  Hull?     (2)  Machinery? 

(1)  The  hull  is  in  very  good  condition. 

(2)  There  has  been  a  patch  put  on  the  forward  fireroom  plates,  which  was  due  to 
deterioration  and  wear.     The  bulkhead  between  the  after  fireroom  and  the  starboard 
engine  room  has  also  been  patched.     The  double  bottoms  are  in  excellent  condition, 
having  been  recently  scraped  and  red -leaded. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 
Very  good,  except  six  condemned  boilers. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 


22  NAVAL  MILITIA  CEUISES  1914. 

Good,  but  in  need  of  thorough  overhauling. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Condition  good,  but  need  scrubbing. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Very  good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 
Very  good. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
Excellent. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  Stat 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

Yes.     Preservation  excellent;  cleanliness  fair. 

29.  Remarks: 

Squadron  of  Chicago,  Adams,  and  Gloucester  made  excellent  rendezvous  and  about 
on  time.  Weather  smooth  and  clear.  Laid  course  for  Bar  Harbor  at  12.20  a.  m. 
July  14,  1914,  having  squadron  maneuvers  constantly  en  route. 

Arrived  at  Bar  Harbor  just  before  dark  on  the  14th,  remaining  there  until  afternoon 
of  the  16th,  giving  liberty,  bore-sighting,  and  having  subcaliber  practice,  as  well  as 
exercise  of  all  boats  under  oars  and  sail  in  answer  to  signals  from  Chicago.  Left  Bar 
Harbor  afternoon  of  16th  for  Portland,  having  previously  arranged  a  search  problem 
with  torpedo  boats  then  at  Portland,  but  wind,  sea,  and  dense  fog  prevented  it,  and 
at  times  had  to  slow  to  3£  knots  to  allow  Adams  to  keep  up.  Finally  lost  her  at 
2.30  a.  m.  of  18th,  and  when,  at  6  a.  m.,  picked  up  Boone  Island  off  Portland,  during 
a  temporary  lift  in  the  fog,  decided  it  best  not  to  go  into  Portland  at  all  but  to  proceed 
to  Provincetown  and  get  target  range  laid  out  so  practice  could  begin  Monday.  Sent 
Gloucester  into  Portland  for  coal  and  bread,  with  orders  to  follow  Chicago  to  Province- 
town.  Fog  cleared  in  afternoon  and  arrived  at  Provincetown  about  10  p.  m.  on  18th, 
having  organized  landing  force  en  route  and  having  dotter  practice. 

Sunday  had  landing  party  on  Long  Point  and  boat  drill  while  Macdonough  was 
planting  target  rafts.  Sunday  night  the  Adams  arrived  from  Portland,  also  the 
Gloucester.  After  landing  party  Sunday  got  under  way  and  standardized  screws  over 
measured  mile. 

Monday  held  target  practice  with  4-inch  guns  after  laying  out  firing  range  (which 
took  an  unnecessarily  long  time)  until  sundown. 

Tuesday  went  out  on  range,  but  fresh  southwest  breeze  sprung  lip  freshening  to 
moderate  gale  with  rain,  so  could  not  fire  but  had  ship  drills. 

Wednesday  finished  all  but  one  4-inch  gun  and  returned  to  Boston,  as  men  had 
to  be  sent  home  on  7  p.  m.  train  as  their  time  was  up.  Could  not  delay  for  last  4-inch 
gun,  as  target  raft  was  badly  damaged  and  needed  extensive  repairs.  Left  Macdonough 
to  tow  target  rafts  into  Provincetown  and  proceed  to  Boston. 

In  conclusion,  I  wish  to  state  that  the  cruise  has  been  of  great  benefit  in  many  ways 
to  all  the  officers  and  men,  and  a  very  marked  improvement  in  every  respect  was 
noticeable  by  the  end  of  their  time.  The  spirit  of  willingness  and  a  desire  to  learn 
were  both  commendable  and  very  apparent  at  all  times.  I  had  all  officers  submit 
sights  every  time  it  was  practicable  and  some  of  them  are  very  good  navigators.  They 
trained  constantly  for  target  practice  as  inclosed  schedule  of  drill  will  show,  and 
it  was  unfortunate  that  bad  weather  and  delays  prevented  its  completion. 

With  regard  to  future  cruising  I  would  suggest  the  following  changes: 

(1)  Make  the  time  two  weeks  instead  of  10  days  as  at  present;  the  cruise  ends  just 
about  the  time  the  crew  have  gotten  shaken  down. 

(2)  Have  squadron  rendezvous  at  some  base,  preferably  Provincetown  or  Gardiners 
Bay. 

(3)  As  so  much  time  is  lost  laying  out  ranges,  have  a  yard  tug  lay  out  a  target 
range  before  the  rendezvous.     In  this  way  one  vessel  can  be  on  the  range  every  day, 
one  off  for  liberty  at  the  nearest  port,  and  the  rest  having  ship  and  boat  drill.     This 
would  probably  reduce  the  chances  of  bad  weather  interfering  with  the  practice. 

(4)  There  seems  to  be  a  general  desire  for  more  battleship  experience,  as  it  is  con- 
sidered more  conducive  to  discipline. 

(5)  It  would  be  well,  I  think,  to  have  a  naval  commissary  steward  detailed  to  look 
after  the  crew's  mess,  as  they  had  considerable  difficulty  this  trip  with  that  branch, 
due  to  the  mediocre  cooks  supplied  them  and  their  lack  of  experience  in  handling 
such  matters. 


NAVAL   MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

List  of  officers  on  board  "  Chicago, "  and  duty  of  each. 


23 


Name. 

Rank. 

Duty. 

Daniel  M  Goodridge       

Captain  

Commanding 

John  T  Nelson 

Lieutenant  commander 

Executive  officer 

David  G.  Eldridge  

...do... 

Surgeon. 

Thomas  R.  Armstrong 

.do... 

Chief  engineer. 

Frederick  G  Robinson 

do 

Navigator 

Walter  A.  Powers  

First  lieutenant  

Commanding  marine  guard. 

Frank  G.  Wright. 

Lieutenant 

First  lieutenant 

Milton  I  Deane 

do 

Paymaster 

Frank  P.  Turner  

.do  

Commissary 

Orland  R   Blair 

do 

Assistant  surgeon 

Wm.  H.  McEwen  

..do... 

Flag  lieutenant. 

Augustus  M.  Summers 

do... 

Ordnance  officer. 

Howard  G  Copeland 

do 

Watch  officer 

Homer  J.  Parent  

.do  

Do. 

Clifford  A.  Tinker  

do  . 

Do. 

Arthur  G  Watson 

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

Junior  watch,  officer 

Fred  W.  Ford  

.do  

Do. 

John  W.  Flannery  

do 

Do. 

Charles  H  Serpa 

do 

Do 

Wm.  A.  Prentice  

.do  

Do. 

Charles  A.  McDonald.  . 

do 

Do 

Arthur  C.  Tower  

...do... 

Second  assistant  engineer. 

Henry  H.  Bartlett  

.do  

First  assistant  engineer 

Frank  W  Lanagan 

Ensign 

Junior  watch  officer 

Preston  S  Lincoln 

do 

Do 

William  N.  Ramsey  

.do... 

Assistant  ordnance  officer 

Walter  G.  Howard 

do 

Junior  watch  officer 

Franklin  H.  Richardson  

do  

Do. 

John  B.  Arnold... 

.do.   .   . 

Do. 

Lewis  R  Morley 

do 

Do 

Extra  caliber  practice,  4-inch  guns,  .July  15,  1914. 

10  a.  m.  to  10.30  a.  m.- — Fifth  division,  'No.  4  gun;  sixth  division,  No.  6  gun;  seventh 
division,  No.  5  gun;  eighth  division,  No.  3  gun. 

10.80  a.  m.  to  11  a.  m. — First  division,  No.  3  gun;  second  division,  No.  5  gun;  third 
division,  No.  6  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  4  gun. 

11  a.  m.  to  11.30  a.  m. — Tenth  division,  No.  4  gun. 

1.30  p.  m.  to  2  p.  m. — Fifth  division,  No.  4  gun;  sixth  division,  No.  6  gun;  seventh 
division,  No.  5  gun;  eighth  division,  No.  3  gun. 

2  p.  m.  to  2.30  p.  m.— First  division,  No.  3  gun;  second  division,  No.  5  gun;  third 
division,  No.  G  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  4  gun. 

2. SO  p.  m.  to  3  p.  m.— Fifth  division,  No.  4  gun;  sixth  division,  No.  6  gun;  seventh 
division,  No.  5  gun;  eighth  division,  No.  3  gun. 

3  p.  m.  to  3.30  p.  m.— First  division,  No.  3  gun;  second  division)  No.  5  gun;  third 
division,  No.  6  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  4  gun. 

3.30  p.  m.  to  4  p.  m. — Tenth  division,  No.  4  gun. 

Dotter  practice  No.  2,  4-inch  gun. 

Fifth  division,  10  a.  m.  to  10.30  a.  m.;  sixth  division,  10.30  a.  m.  to  11  a.  m  ;  sev- 
enth division,  11  a.  m.  to  11.30  a.  m.;  eighth  division,  1.30  p.  m.  to  2  p.  m.;  tenth 
division,  2  p.  m.  to  2.30  p.  m.,;  first  division,  2.30  p.  m.  to  3  p.  m.;  second  division, 

3  p.  m.  to  3.30  p.  m.;  third  division,  3.30  p.  m.  to  4  p.  m.;  fourth  division,  4  p.  m. 
to  4.30  p.  m. 

Loading  machine. 

Fourth  division,  9.30  a.  m.  to  10.15  a.  m.;  third  division,  10.15  a.  m.  to  11  a.  m.; 
second  division,  11  a.  m.  to  11.30  a.  m.;  first  division,  1  p.  m.  to  1.45  p.  m.;  tenth 
division,  1.45  p.  m.  to  2.30  p.  m.;  eighth  division,  2.30  p.  m.  to  3  p.  m.;  seventh 
division,  3  p.  m.  to  3.30  p.  m.:  sixth  division,  3.30  p.  m.  to  4  p.  m.;  fifth  division, 

4  p.  m.  to  4.30  p.  m. 

6-pounder,  subcaliber  practice. 

10  a.  m.  to  10.30  a.  m. — Fifth  division,  No.  4  gun  and  No.  2  gun;  sixth  division 
No.  1  gun  and  No.  3  gun;  seventh  division,  No.  6  gun;  eighth  division,  No.  5  gun. 

10.30  a.  m.  to  11  a.  m. — First  division,  tail  gun;  second  division,  No.  2  and  No.  4 
gun;  third  division,  No.  6  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  5  gun;  tenth  division,  No.  1  and 
No.  3  gun. 


24  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

11  a.  m.  to  11. SO  a.  m.— Fifth  division,  No.  2  and  No.  4  gun;  sixth  division,  No.  1 
and  No.  3  gun;  seventh  division  No.  6  gun;  eighth  division,  No  5  gun. 

l.SO  p.  m.  to  2  p.  m. — First  division,  tail  gun;  second  division,  No.  2  and  No.  4 
gun;  third  division,  No.  6  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  5  gun;  tenth  division,  No.  1  and 
No.  3  gun. 

2  p.  m.  to  2.30  p.  m. — Fifth  division,  No.  2  and  No.  4  gun;  sixth  division,  No.  1 
and  No.  3  gun;  seventh  division,  No.  6  gun;  eighth  division,  No.  5  gun. 

2.30  p.  m.  to  3  p.  m. — First  division,  tail  gun;  second  division,  No.  2  and  No. 
gun;  third  division,  No.  6  gun;  fourth  division,  No.  5  gun;  tenth  division,  No.  1  a: 
No.  3  gun. 

REPORT   ON   LANDING   PARTY,  LIEUT.  COMMANDER  J.  T.  NELSON,  N.  M.  M. 


i 


(1)  The  landing  party  departed  from  the  ship,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Com- 
mander John  T.  Nelson,  promptly  at  the  time  specified  in  orders,  in  single  column,  in 
tow  of  steam  cutter.    Landing  was  effected  at  9.30  a.  m. 

(2)  Instructions  were  received  that  the  enemy  were  massed  100  strong  with  two 
machine  guns  on  sand  dunes,  on  the  seaward  side,  about  1,000  yards  to  the  southwest 
of  Long  Point  Light. 

(3)  Boats  proceeded  around  the  point,  deployed  in  line  formation,  landing  about 
150  yards  southwest  of  the  light.     Marine  detachment  immediately  deployed  as  scouts 
and  skirmishers,  but  through  a  misunderstanding  of  the  force  of  the  enemy  and  of  orders 
were  practically  wiped  out.     The  first  company  was  sent  forward  deployed  as  skir- 
mishers, second  company  forming  the  first  line  of  support.    Advance  was  made  by 
rushes,  the  attacking  parties  relieving  each  other  on  the  firing  line  in  order  of  com- 
panies, except  the  fourth  company,  which  was  held  in  reserve  for  protecting  the 
rear,  and  to  prevent  any  flank  movement  which  might  be  contemplated  from  a  force  in 
that  direction.   After  reaching  within  50  yards  of  the  hills  the  order  to  charge  was  given 
and  the  enemy  was  driven  from  their  position  and  retreated  in  dire  confusion,  being 
followed  by  the  first  company  some  distance  to  the  southeast  of  the  sand  dunes. 

(4)  Hills  were  occupied  at  about  10  a.  m.,  colors  raised,  and  the  flagship  signaled. 
In  answer  to  communication  a  message  of  "well  done"  was  received. 

(5)  The  ambulance  party,  under  Surg.   Blair,  conducted   themselves  in  a  good 
manner,  establishing  two  different  bases  as  field  hospitals.     On  account  of  the  topog- 
raphy of  the  country  the  pioneers  were  assigned  to  duty  with  the  ambulance  party. 

(6)  After  the  battle  a  battalion  drill  and  maneuvers  were  held,  when  some  very 
efficient  work  in  the  skirmish  formation  was  done  by  all  companies.     The  only  difficul- 
ties encountered  by  the  commanding  officer  at  this  time  consisted  in  trying  to  restrain 
the  well-meant  enthusiasm  of  both  officers  and  men,  this  matter  being  due  primarily  to 
the  methods  of  drill  in  the  armories  during  which  companies  are  drilled  as  a  unit,  and 
so  seldom  as  a  battalion  as  to  make  it  somewhat  hard  for  the  officers  to  resist  the  impulse 
of  acting  upon  their  own  initiative. 

(7)  On  the  whole,  the  battle  and  drill  was  very  successful  and  was  creditably 
carried  out  by  all  the  parties. 

(8)  The  reembarkation  of  the  battalion  took  place  at  11.45  a.  m.,  and  was  covered 
by  the  fourth  company. 

Landing  party. 

Lieut.  Commander  John  T.  Nelson,  regimental  commander;  Lieut.  Wright,  regi- 
mental adjutant. 

Lieut.  0.  R.  Blair,  regimental  surgeon. 

Lieut.  F.  P.  Turner,  quartermaster  and  commissary. 

Lieut.  A.  M.  Summers,  ordnance  officer. 

Marines,  Lieut.  W.  A.  Powers,  commanding.  Will  land  21  privates,  2  sergeants,  and 
3  corporals,  one  squad  in  each  of  three  cutters.  Lieut.  Powers  will  go  in  first  cutter. 

First  Battalion. 

Lieut.  C.  A.  Tinker,  commanding;  Ensign  L.  R.  Morley,  adjutant. 

First  Company,  Lieut.  H.  G.  Copeland,  commanding. 

First  section,  first  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers. 

Second  section,  second  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers,  and  1  division  officer. 

Second  company,  Lieut.  Parent,  commanding. 

First  section,  third  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers,  and  1  division  officer. 

Second  section,  fourth  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers. 

Third  company,  1  company  from  U.  S.  S.  Gloucester.     Lieut.  Nelson,  commanding. 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  25 

Second  Battalion. 
Lieut.  Soper,  commanding. 
First  company  from  U.  S.  S.  Adams. 

Second  Company,  Lieut,  (junior  grade)  C.  A.  MacDonald,  commanding. 
First  section,  fifth  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers,  and  1  division  officer. 
Second  section,  sixth  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers. 
Third  company,  Lieut,  (junior  grade)  A.  G.  Watson,  commanding. 
First  section,  seventh  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers,  and  1  division  officer. 
Second  section,  eighth  division,  22  men  and  3  petty  officers. 

First  Battalion. 

First  company  will  land  in  first  section  in  steamer;  second  section  in  first  cutter. 
Second  company  will  land  in  first  section  in  second  cutter;  second  section  in  third 
cutter. 
Third  company  will  land  in  boats  of  U.  S.  S.  Gloucester. 

Second  Battalion. 

First  company  will  land  in  boats  of  U.  S.  S.  Adams. 

Second  company  will  land  in  first  section  in  barge;  second  section,  15  men,  in  gig; 
and  10  men  in  power  boat. 

Third  company  will  land  in  first  section  in  power  boat;  second  section  in  first  and 
second  whaleboats. 

Lieut.  Blair,  with  1  hospital  steward  and  two  men  from  medical  department  with 
stretcher,  will  land  in  steamer. 

Two  stretcher  men  from  U.  S.  S.  Adams  and  Gloucester  will  report  to  regimental 
surgeon  on  landing. 

Lieut.  Turner,  with  1  yeoman  from  commissary  department,  will  land  in  steamer. 

The  navigator  of  Chicago  will  detail  4  signal  boys,  2  for  regimental  commander,  to  re- 
port in  steamer,  and  1  to  each  battalion  commander.  Signal  boy  for  second  battalion 
will  land  in  power  boat,  and  engineer  officer  will  detail  1  chief  petty  officer  and  5  men 
as  pioneers,  who  will  land  in  power  boat. 

Ammunition  party  will  consist  of  1  man  from  each  section,  who  will  land  in  boats 
assigned  to  their  own  section. 

All  companies  will  Assemble  in  division  quarters  at  8  o'clock. 

Uniform  for  officers  will  be  white  trousers,  blue  coats,  white  hats,  with  side  arms  and 
leggings. 

Uniform  for  men  will  be  white  working  dress  with  rifles,  belts,  and  leggings. 

Bugler  not  on  watch  will  report  to  regimental  commander  in  steamer. 

Ensign  John  B.  Arnold  will  be  beach  master. 

All  division  officers  must  have  their  boat  in  the  water  with  a  coxswain  and  two  boat 
keepers  in  each  boat  at  8  a.  m.,  ready  to  embark  landing  party. 

Sections  will  embark  in  boats  assigned  and  lay  off  beam  in  following  order: 

First  Battalion. 

Steamer;  first,  second,  and  third  cutters;  first  and  second  cutters  from  Gloucester. 

Second  Battalion. 

First  and  second  cutters  from  U.  S.  S.  Adams.  Barge,  gig,  first  and  second  whaleboats 
and  power  boat.  First  and  seventh  division  officers  will  see  that  one  Colt  machine  gun 
is  mounted  in  bow  of  steamer  and  power  boat,  with  a  crew  of  3  men  for  each  gun 
from  Gloucester. 

All  companies  must  embark  and  shove  off  from  side  by  8.30,  form  as  above,  and  stand 
by  to  be  taken  in  tow  by  steamer. 

Chief  Boatswain's  Mate  Korzeneski  will  act  as  sergeant  major. 

Chief  Yeoman  J.  J.  Reilly  will  act  as  regimental  yeoman. 

MASSACHUSETTS— U.  S.  S.  DUPONT. 

Lieut.  F.  N.  EKLUND,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary,  miles  steamed: 

July  12,  1914,  9  a.  m.,  got  under  way  from  Fall  River,  Mass.,  for  Provincetown, 
Mass.  July  12, 1914, 10.45  p.  m.,  arrived  at  Provincetown,  Mass.  Miles  steamed,  151. 


26  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

July  13, 1914,  got  under  way  for  rendezvous,  lat.  N.  43°,  long.  70°  W.,  and  Portland, 
Me.  July  13, 1914,  5.55  p.  m.,  arrived  at  Portland,  Me.  Distance  steamed,  107  miles. 

July  15,  1914,  9.05  a.  m.,  under  way  for  Bath,  Me.  July  15,  1914,  11.38  a.  m., 
arrived  at  Bath,  Me.  July  15,  1914,  3.05  p.  m.,  under  way  for  Portland,  Me.  Jul] 
15,  1914,  5  32  p.  m.,  arrived  at  Portland,  Me.  Distance  steamed,  66  miles. 

July  16,  1914,  coaled  ship. 

July  17,  1914,  10  a.  m.,  got  under  way  for  maneuvers  off  Portland,  proceeding 
scouting  position.     Very  rough  weather.     Returned  to  Portland  Harbor,  anchoring 
10.15  p.  m.     Distance  steamed,  106  miles. 

July  18,  1914,  8.30  a.  m.,  under  way  to  dock  to  coal.  At  3.55  p.  m.  left  dock,  and 
at  4.05  p.  m.  stood  out  of  harbor,  for  Boston,  Mass.,  to  bring  governor  of  Massachusetts 
to  Provincetown  to  witness  target  practice.  10.45  p.  m.,  went  alongside  dock,  Boston 
Navy  Yard.  Distance  steamed,  84  miles. 

July  19,  1914,  11.35  a.  m.,  under  way  to  pick  up  governor  of  Massachusetts.  12.14 
p.  m.  proceeded  out  of  harbor  for  Provincetown,  Mass.  3.26  p.  m.  arrived  at  Province- 
town,  Mass.  Steamed  out  to  range  and  placed  target  buoy,  returning  to  inner  harbor 
at  8.45  p.  m.  Distance  steamed,  60  miles. 

July  20, 1914,  8  a.  m.,  to  dock  for  water,  then  to  anchorage  off  southern  end  of  range. 
8.20  p.  m.,  returned  to  inner  harbor.  Distance  steamed,  17  miles. 

July  21, 1914,  under  way  to  anchorage  near  dock  for  water,  at  8.50  a.m.  10.20  a.  m., 
stood  out  for  New  Bedford,  Mass.  6.50  p.  m.,  arrived  at  New  Bedford,  Mass.  Dis- 
tance steamed,  107  miles. 

July  22, 1914,  coaled  ship.  1.40  p.  m.,  under  way  for  Fall  River,  Mass.  5.50  p.  m., 
arrived  at  Fall  River,  Mass.  Distance  steamed,  60  miles. 

Total  distance  steamed  on  cruise,  758  miles. 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 

In  port,  4  tons  (10  days),  0.4  ton  per  day.  At  sea,  43.5  tons  (11  days),  3.954  -f  tons 
per  day. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  under  way:  11.369  knots  per  hour. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers,  3  Massachusetts  Volunter  Militia. 

(6)  Crew  (10  United  States  Navy  and  21  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia). 

(1)  Seaman  branch,  4  United   States  Navy,  and  9  Massachusetts  Volunteer 

Militia. 

(2)  Engineer's  force,  6  United  States  Navy,  and  12  Massachusetts  Volunteer 

Militia. 

(3)  Artificers,  0. 
(c)  Marines,  0. 

The  enlisted  militia  were  assigned  and  did  the  following  duties: 
Seaman  branch:   1  boatswain's  mate,  first  class;  1  boatswain's  mate,  second  class; 
1  quartermaster,  first  class;  2  quartermasters,  third  class;  2  seamen;  2  ship's  cooks. 
Engineer  force:  2  machinists  (throttle  watch),  1  water  tender,  4  oilers,  5  firemen. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 

Lieut.  Joseph  C.  Nowell,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  commanding  officer, 
executive,  and  navigator. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  Edwin  W.  Keith,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  engineer 
officer  (detailed). 

Ensign  John  S.  Silvia,  Massachusetts  Volunteer  Militia,  watch  and  commissary 
officer. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner? 

Yes. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
Yes. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 

Engines  were  warmed  up;  steam  gotten  on  steering  and  anchor  engines;  engine- 
room  annunciators  tested  out;  ship's  draft  taken  forward  and  aft;  men  stationed  by 
anchor  engine,  or  dock  lines,  ready  for  the  order  to  heave  round  or  cast  off  from  dock. 
Bow  or  quarter  spring  being  used  to  point  clear  from  dock.  Was  very  satisfactory. 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

A  lookout  was  stationed  on  forecastle  and  was  regularly  relieved.  No  regular  life- 
buoy watch  was  stationed,  this  duty  being  done  in  general  by  lifeboat  crew,  who  were 
on  duty  practically  all  the  time  under  way. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Lifeboat  crew  was  on  duty  all  the  time  while  underway  and  were  accounted  for 

without  actual  muster  by  name. 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CKUISES  1914.  27 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
No  general  quarters  held. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Fire  alarm  sounded  on  ship's  bell  aft  and  word  passed  by  mouth,  "Fire  aft."  Time 
[of  drill,  four  minutes.  Very  good  for  first  drill. 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Collision  drill  performed  in  five  minutes.  Collision  starboard  side  amidships.  Hog- 
|  ging  line  brought  down  under  bow  and  aft,  mat  being  placed  over  starboard  rail  and 
[hauled  down  to  hole. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
None  held. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 

No  regular  boat  drills  held.  Deck  force  manned  both  dinghy  and  whaleboat  under 
oars  for  various  trips  to  other  ships  and  to  shore  on  duty,  and  pulled  a  fairly  good 
^stroke. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

Boat  trips  under  oars  were  satisfactory. 

17.  Man  overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 
None  held. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 
Lookouts  did  their  duty  very  well.     Signal  duty  was  performed  by  quartermasters. 

One  quartermaster  was  very  good,  one  was  fair,  and  one  was  indifferent. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

No  regular  bag  inspection  held.  Clothing  was  clean  when  brought  on  board,  and 
men  scrubbed  their  clothes  at  every  opportunity .  Conditions  of  uniforms  and  clothing 
was  satisfactory,  considering  condition  of  duty. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Clean  when  brought  on  board.    Mattress  covers  scrubbed  twice  during  cruise. 

21  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?    (a)  Hull?    (6)  Machinery? 

(a)  Hull:  Condition  in  general,  good.  Slight  pitting  along  water  line.  Zinc  rings 
and  zinc  fittings  recently  renewed.  Pelican  hooks  and  life  lines  should  be  renewed. 
Several  dogs  are  missing  on  deck  bunker  plates,  and  several  of  deck  bunker  plate 
screws  need  renewing. 

(•&)  Machinery:  Main  engines  are  in  good  condition.  Starboard  engine  counter  is 
carried  away,  but  can  be  repaired  by  ship's  force.  Starboard  engine  room  feed  pump 
has  been  surveyed  for  overhaul  and  for  new  regulator.  Fireroom  blowers  need  over- 
hauling. Cylinder  head  of  starboard  forward  blower  engine  now  in  three  pieces,  held 
together  by  metal  straps.  Ash  pans,  doors,  and  liners  of  all  boilers,  bridge  walls  in 
No.  1  and  No.  3  boilers,  and  bearing  bars  in  No.  3  boiler  have  been  surveyed  for 
repairs  and  renewal.  Auxiliary  feed  pumps  are  now  undergoing  repairs  under  bureau 
contract.  Inner  stacks  of  all  boilers  are  badly  burned  out,  partially  carried  away, 
and  need  renewing. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 
General  condition  is  good. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Good  condition. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Good. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  signal  outfit? 
Signal  outfit  is  worn  and  has  several  short  circuits. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

Dynamo  is  short  circuited  in  shunt  and  there  are  several  grounds  in  ship's  circuits. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
None  on  board. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

Dupont  has  been  turned  over  to  the  Massachusetts  Naval  Militia  for  about  five  weeks, 
and  condition  during  cruise  with  extra  men  has  been  considerably  improved. 

29.  Remarks: 

Considering  the  short  time  of  the  cruise  and  the  fact  that  most  of  the  men  were 
inexperienced  in  torpedo  boat  work,  and,  in  the  case  of  the  militia  personnel,  were 
inexperienced  in  marine  engineering,  it  is  considered  that  the  performance  of  the 
Massachusetts  Naval  Militia  officers  and  men  in  making  a  cruise  of  nearly  800  miles 
with  a  strange  ship  and  practically  no  shake-down  time  reflects  great  credit  on  the 
officers  and  men.  Foggy  and  rough  weather  were  encountered,  with  its  resulting 


28  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

handicap  to  the  movements  of  the  ship  and  the  comfort  of  the  men,  but  in  spite  of  this 
the  Dupont  did  her  duty  in  a  manner  which  should  entitle  her  commanding  officer  to 
great  credit. 

MASSACHUSETTS— TJ.  S.  S.  MACDONOUGH. 

Ensign  G.  M.  COOK,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary:  Miles. 

July  12,  Boston  to  Gloucester,  Mass 

July  13,  Gloucester  to  rendezvous,  thence  to  Portland,  Me 82 

July  15,  Portland  to  Bath  and  return 69 

July  16,  coaled  ship. 

July  17,  war  game  off  Portland 104 

Jui^  i9'}P°rtland  to  Provincetown,  Mass 104 

July  19  to  target  range  (estimated) 35 

July  20  work  at  target  range  (estimated) 35 

July  21  Provincetown  to  Boston  and  return 106 

July  22  target  range  and  Provincetown  to  Boston 60 

Total  miles  steamed 531$ 

2.  Coal  consumed: 

In  port,  45.1  tons;  at  sea,  55.9  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way: 

While  independent,  15  knots;  when  with  Rodgers,  9  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers— Lieut.  W.  Ratigan,  Lieut.  A.  H.  Baker,  Passed  Asst.  Surg.  G.  E. 
Butler. 

(6)  Crew — Seaman  branch,  13  militia;  engineer's  force,  13  militia;  seaman  branch, 
10  (United  States  Navy);  engineer's  force,  17  (United  States  Navy);  artificers,  3 
(United  States  Navy). 

5.  Lieut.  W.  Ratigan,  commanding;  Lieut.  A.  H.  Baker,  engineer  officer;  Passed 
Asst.  Surg.  G.  E.  Butler,  surgeon,  deck  officer,  and  commissary  officer. 

6  and  7.  The  regular  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  of  this  vessel  is  made  out  for 
the  full  complement.  When  the  militia  came  on  board  they  were  assigned  stations 
and  billets  which  were  vacant,  so  that  the  regular  complement  of  this  vessel  was 
practically  filled,  and  procedure  the  same  as  if  a  draft  of  regulars  had  been  received 
for  placing  this  vessel  in  full  commission. 

8.  The  evolution  of  getting  under  way  was  accomplished  in  a  very  seamanlike 
manner. 

9.  At  sea  the  regular  deck  watches  were  stood  in  a  regular  and  efficient  manner. 

10.  No  lifeboat  crews  were  organized,  as  it  is  thought  that  this  vessel  can  be  handled 
quicker  than  a  boat  could  be  put  over. 

11.  No  general  quarters  were  held. 

12.  At  fire  drill,  hose  was  led  out,  water  turned  on,  hatches  closed,  etc.,  in  a  fairly 
efficient  manner  with  little  confusion. 

13.  The  collision  drill  was  very  well  performed.     Although  no  attempt  was  made 
for  speed  the  mat  was  put  over  in  five  minutes.     The  militia  were  then  instructed  in 
the  use  and  names  of  all  gear  pertaining  to  the  mat.     The  mat  was  in  very  good  con- 
dition and  was  afterwards  used  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Rodgers. 

15  and  16.  No  regular  boat  drills  were  held,  but  boats  were  used  very  frequently 
by  the  militia  for  running  boats  and  in  putting  down  and  taking  up  target  raft.  The 
work  of  the  men  in  the  boats  showed  a  marked  improvement  over  last  year.  Very 
good  experience  was  obtained  in  work  around  target  rafts. 

17.  No  man-overboard  drill  was  held. 

18.  Signalmen  and  lookouts  performed  their  duty  very  well.     The  signalmen  were 
very  good  with  semaphore,  but  did  not  know  the  wigwag  or  flag  hoists  very  well. 

19.  The  clothing  and  bedding  of  the  men  were  in  good  condition,  and  men  were 
well  equipped  with  uniforms. 

21  to  28.  This  vessel  in  reserve  and  not  loaned  to  the  Naval  Militia. 

29.  No  target  practice  held. 

30.  Remarks: 

The  regular  reserve  complement  of  this  vessel  and  the  men  from  the  Massachusetts 
Naval  Militia  were  assigned  to  stations  as  if  they  were  to  be  the  regular  complement 
of  this  vessel  in  full  commission.  In  this  way  the  militia  worked  with  the  regulars 
and  profited  by  their  example,  so  that  by  the  end  of  the  tour  of  duty  a  very  good  crew 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  29 

had  been  obtained.  The  men  soon  accustomed  themselves  to  their  duties  and  per- 
formed them  very  well.  Considerable  enthusiasm  and  attention  to  duty  was  shown 
by  all. 

The  engineer's  force  was  very  efficient.  One  watch  in  the  engine  rooms  was  com- 
posed entirely  of  militiamen,  and  some  men  were  in  the  other  watches.  There  is 
little  doubt  that  these  men  would  be  a  great  asset  if  needed,  as  they  are  employed  in 
engineering  plants  ashore,  and  by  means  of  week-end  trips  and  yearly  cruises  become 
familiar  with  marine  installation.  The  engineers  are  much  more  efficient  in  their 
line  than  the  deck  force  in  theirs. 

The  work  of  the  officers  on  this  vessel  was  especially  good.  Lieut.  Ratigan,  the 
commanding  officer,  had  had  little  experience  in  handling  a  vessel,  but  was  very 
enthusiastic  and  did  very  well.  He  was  given  considerable  chance  to  handle  the 
ship,  and  by  the  end  of  the  tour  of  duty  had  become  fairly  efficient.  He  showed  a 
good  ability  for  handling  men,  and  with  a  little  more  experience  would  make  a  very 
good  officer.  His  work  in  placing  the  target  rafts,  laying  out  and  dismantling  the 
range  is  worthy  of  especial  mention.  The  engineer  officer,  Lieut.  A.  H.  Baker,  has 
had  years  of  experience  with  marine  installation  in  the  merchant  service  and  is  a 
very  efficient  officer.  Surg.  Butler,  in  addition  to  his  duties  as  surgeon,  interested 
himself  in  deck  duty.  He  took  a  watch  at  sea  and  located  the  position  of  the  ship  by 
piloting  and  observations  of  the  sun. 

As  a  whole  the  work  of  the  officers  and  men  on  this  vessel  was  very  good.  The  only 
real  criticism  I  have  to  make  is  the  failure  of  the  officers  in  charge  of  the  maneuvers 
and  target  practice  to  anticipate  the  needs  of  the  situation  and  issue  the  proper  orders 
in  time  to  prevent  needless  delay  and  obtain  the  efficiency  possible  with  the  men  and 
means  at  hand.  When  orders  are  once  given  the  officers  and  men  seem  to  perform  their 
work  very  well,  but  orders  are  held  up  until  the  last  minute.  Orders  relative  to  the 
tour  of  duty  were  not  issued  in  time  for  the  chiefs  of  divisions  to  make  proper  details. 
It  was  not  known  until  the  men  reported  on  board  who  or  how  many  were  going  on 
this  vessel.  Orders  received  for  movements  of  this  vessel  until  joining  the  Chicago 
were  most  indefinite.  The  orders  for  this  vessel  to  lay  out  the  target  range  were  not 
issued  until  the  Chicago  was  ready  to  fire.  This  delayed  the  target  practice  at  least 
24  hours.  Orders  for  this  vessel  to  dismantle  the  range  and  tow  targets  to  Province- 
town  were  not  given  until  after  the  Chicago  had  started  for  Boston. 

A  little  more  attention  to  "the  estimation  of  the  situation"  and  ''formulation  of 
orders"  would  make  the  Massachusetts  Naval  Militia  quite  an  efficient  organization. 

MASSACHUSETTS— TJ.  S.  S.  BODGEBS. 

Ensign  J.  H.  SMITH,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary: 

July  12,  1914,  Boston  to  Gloucester. 
July  13,  1914.  Gloucester  to  Portland,  Me. 
July  15,  1914,'  Portland  to  Bath;  Bath  to  Portland. 
July  17,  1914,  war  game  off  Portland. 
July  18,  1914,  left  Portland. 
July  19,  1914,  arrived  Provincetown,  Mass. 
July  20,  1914,  towing  repair  party,  target  practice. 
July  21,  1914,  towing  repair  party,  target  practice. 
July  22,  1914,  towing,  and  Provincetown  to  Boston. 
Total  miles  steamed,  407. 

2.  Coal  consumed: 

In  port,  10  tons;  at  sea,  30  tons. 

3.  Average  speed: 
7.9  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers,  3;  (6)  crew,  27;  (1)  seaman  branch,  9;  (2)  engineer's  force,  18. 

5.  Lieut.   Dudley  M.   Pray,   Massachusetts  Naval  Militia,   commanding    officer; 
Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  W.  A.  Hindon,  Massachusetts  Naval  Militia,  executive  and 
navigating  officer;  Ensign  E.  J.  Hogan,  Massachusetts  Naval  Militia,  engineer  officer. 

6.  Yes. 

7.  There  was  no  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill,  but  the  men  were  given  station 
billets  showing  their  stations  for  fire  drill,  collision  drill,  etc. 

8.  Very  well  when  at  anchor;  from  dock,  only  fair. 

9.  Yea. 


30 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES   1914. 


10.  There  was  detail  of  1  man  for  lifeboat. 

11.  Drill  not  held. 

12.  Drill  not  held. 

13.  Drill  not  held.     Collision  mat  had  been  surveyed  and  condemned  before  cruise. 

14.  Drill  not  held. 

15  and  16.  No  boat  drills  held. 

17.  Drill  not  held. 

18.  Yes,  considering  their  lack  of  experience.     The  signalmen  were  quite  proficiei 
in  semaphore  signaling,  but  were  poor  in  flag  signals. 

19  and  20.  No  bag  and  hammock  inspection.     From  general  observation  unifc 
and  bedding  appeared  to  be  in  good  condition. 

21.  (a)  Good,  except  dent  in  port  side  and  opening  of  seams  due  to  collision  witL 
Governor  Dingley  in  Portland  Harbor.    The  hull  was  dented  from  the  beading  to  the 
turn  of  the  bilge  at  frame  36,  which  was  badly  bent  and  almost  broken  at  one  point; 
the  frames  on  either  side  were  also  bent.     A  longitudinal  seam  was  opened  for  about 
3  inches  and  several  rivets  pulled  out.    Deck  buckled  for  about  12  feet.     (6)  Gei 
condition  good,  except  boilers,  which  are  old  and  weak,  with  many  tubes  plugged. 

22.  Good. 

23.  Good. 

24.  Good. 

25.  Good,  except  night  signaling,  the  two-light  ardois  having  been  lost  overbear 
with  the  mast  on  July  21. 

26.  Dynamo  is  good;  the  rest  of  electrical  apparatus  poor. 

27.  No  wireless  set. 

28.  The  general  condition  of  the  vessel  shows  that  the  ship  keepers  are  doing  the 
work  in  an  efficient  manner. 

29.  Remarks: 

The  work  of  the  crew  was  creditable,  their  general  proficiency  depending  to  a  great 
measure  on  the  amount  of  previous  experience,  and  they  responded  quickly  to 
instruction. 

NOTE. — Ensign  J.  H.  Smith,  United  States  Navy,  left  the  Rodgers  before  the  expi- 
ration of  the  Rodger's  cruise,  to  go  on  board  the  Chicago  for  duty  in  connection  with 
target  practice.  Some  of  the  drills  reported  by  Ensign  Smith  as  not  held,  were  sub- 
sequently held  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  Rodgers.  On  the  morning  of  July  14, 
the  Rodgers  and  the  steamer  Governor  Dingley  were  in  collision  in  the  harbor  of  Port- 
land, Me.  No  serious  damage  to  either  vessel  resulted. 

MICHIGAN— U.  S.  S.  DON  JUAN  DE  AUSTRIA. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  G.  H.  EMMERSON,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  I  have  to  submit  the  following  report  on  the  cruise  of  the  first  battalion  of  the 
Michigan  Naval  Militia  on  board  the  U.  S.  S.  Don  Juan  de  Austria,  which  commenced 
on  September  5,  1914,  and  ended  on  September  13,  1914.    The  battalion  was  under 
the  command  of  Commander  Jacob  Farrand  Lewis,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  and 
consisted  of  the  following  divisions:  First  division  from  Detroit,  second  division 
from  Saginaw,  third  division  from  Detroit,  fourth  division  from  Benton  Harbor. 

2.  The  itenerary  of  the  cruise  was  as  follows: 


Place. 

Arrival. 

Departure. 

Distance. 

Detroit  

Put  in  Bay 

10  35  p  m     Sept  5 

4.20  p.  m.,  Sept.  5  

5  50  p  m    Sept  6 

Miles. 
""54 

Cleveland  

10  a  m    Sept  7 

8  53  a  m    Sept  9 

112 

Buffalo    

12  95  p  m    Sept  10 

12  02  p  m    Sept  i2 

188 

Detroit....  

Total  distance  steamed  

1.30  p.  m.,  Sept.  13  

235 
589 

NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 


31 


The  average  speed  of  the  vessel  while  under  way  was  7.8  miles  per  hour. 
3.  The  amount  of  coal  consumed  is  shown  in  the  table  below,  the  data  having  been 
taken  from  the  daily  reports  made  to  the  commanding  officer  during  the  cruise: 


Date. 

Coal  con- 
sumed. 

Coal  on 
hand 
(noon). 

gept  5           

Tons. 

Tons. 
200 

gept  6                                 

12 

188 

Sept  7                                                                                       .                    

7 

181 

Sept  8 

2 

179 

gept  9                                              

12 

167 

Sept  10 

4 

163 

Sept  11 

1 

162 

Sept  12                              .      .  .        .              

15 

147 

Sept  13                                                                                       ... 

15 

132 

Total       

68 

The  vessel  was  under  way  a  total  of  75  hours  and  25  minutes,  and  at  anchor  113 
hours  and  45  minutes.  No  accurate  account  of  the  coal  consumed  was  kept.  The 
coal  was  not  bucketed  or  weighed,  and  no  tally  whatever  made  as  it  was  taken  from 
the  bunkers.  The  daily  reports  made  were  purely  estimates,  and  there  was  evidently 
but  little  basis  on  which  to  make  them.  No  proper  division  could  be  made  as  to 
the  amount  consumed  in  port  and  the  amount  consumed  at  sea. 

4.  The  complement  of  the  ship  consisted  of  the  following  officers  and  men: 


Commander 

Lieutenant  commander 

Lieutenants 5 

Lieutenants  (junior  grade) 3 

Ensigns 4 


A.  Officers. 

1 
1 


Passed  assistant  surgeon. 
Assistant  surgeon. 


Passed  assistant  paymaster. 


Total, 


B.  Crew. 


Seaman  branch: 

Master-at-arms,  first  class 

Boatswain's  mate,  first  class 

Boatswain's  mate,  second  class. 

Coxswain 

Chief  gunner's  mate 

Gunner's  mate,  first  class 

Gunner's  mate,  second  class 

Gunner's  mate,  third  class 

Quartermaster,  first  class 

Quartermaster,  second  class  . . . 

Quartermaster,  third  class 

Seamen 

Ordinary  seamen 

Apprentice  seamen 


3 

3 
3 
4 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
3 
8 
38 


Total 72 


Artificer  branch: 

Chief  machinist's  mate 

Machinist's  mate,  second  class. 

Chief  electrician 

Electrician,  radio  operator 

Electrician,  second  class 

Electrician,  third  class 

Chief  water  tender. . . 


Artificer  branch — Continued. 

Water  tenders 

Plumber 

Oilers 

Firemen 

Coal  passers 


1 
1 
1 

17 


2 

1 

5 

11 

8 


Total 41 


Special  branch: 

Chief  yeoman 

Yeoman,  first  class 

Yeoman,  second  class 

Yeoman,  third  class 

Chief  commissary  steward 

Cook,  first  class 

Cook,  second  class 

Cook,  third  class 

Cook,  fourth  class 

Bugler 

Messman 

Ward  room  mess 

Cabin  boys 

Pantryman 


Total. 


2 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
8 
3 
2 
1 

27 


64628°— 14 3 


32 


NAVAL   MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 


C.  Marines. 
None. 
Grand  total: 

Officers 

Crew- 
Seaman  branch 72 

Artificer  branch 41 

Special  branch 27 


15 


5.  The  name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers  are  shown  below: 


Name. 

Rank. 

Duty. 

Jacob  F.  Lewis        .  

Commander  

Commanding  officer. 

Charles  B  Lundy 

Lieu  tenan  t  c  ommander  ... 

I'  xeo'utive  officer 

Edward  Y  Dow 

Lieutenant 

T  ngineer  officer 

Stuart  W  Utley 

...do... 

Navigator. 

Marion  W   Rudd 

do  .. 

Watch  and  division 

Richard  T  Brodhead 

do 

Do 

Charles  K.  Farmer  

..do  

Signal  officer,  watch  duty. 

Clarence  E   Burr 

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

Watch  and  division 

Warren  L  Cooper 

do 

Do 

William  J.  Marshall. 

..do  

Powder  division. 

Guy  F  Palmer 

Fnsign 

Junior  watch  officer. 

Clarence  V  Spawr 

do 

Do 

Milton  H.  Wortley    

.do  

Do. 

James  D  Ross                  .  . 

.do. 

Do 

Gordon  C  Hall 

Lieutenant  (passed  assistant  pay- 

Paymaster 

Roland  B  Taber            .... 

master). 
Lieutenant  (passed  assistant  sur- 

Surgeon. 

Benjamin  F.  A.  Crane  

geon). 
Ensign  (assistant  surgeon)  

Assistant  surgeon. 

Mai.  Roy  C.  Vandercook,  adjutant  general  of  the  State  of  Michigan,  accompanied 
the  Naval  Militia  on  the  cruise  as  far  as  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Lieut.  E.  Y.  Dow  was  detached  at  Cleveland  on  September  7,  1914. 

Lieut.  C.  K.  Farmer  and  Passed  Asst.  Surg.  R.  B.  Taber  reported  aboard  at  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  on  September  11,  and  remained  until  the  completion  of  the  cruise. 

6.  The  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  was  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  and  satisfactory  manner.    The  divisions  were  called  to  quarters  and  the 
divisional  officers  served  out  the  station  billets  to  the  men  of  their  divisions.    The 
divisions  were  then  dismissed  and  the  men  given  an  opportunity  to  locate  themselves 
on   board.     Later   on   in   the   afternoon   hammocks   and   necessary   bedding  were 
served  out. 

7.  A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  partially  made  out  before  the  cruise 
commenced.     Due  to  the  fact  that  the  cruise  had  been  delayed  from  the  regular 
time  planned,  it  was  practically  impossible  to  tell  until  shortly  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced just  how  many  men  would  be  available  for  duty.     A  complete  watch,  quarter, 
and  station  bill  was  not  posted  during  the  cruise,  but  the  executive  officer  kept  a 
rough  list  of  the  men  with  their  stations  and  duties  on  which  changes  were  made  as 
found  necessary. 

8.  The  evolution  of  getting  underway  and  coming  to  anchor  was  accomplished  in  a 
commendable  manner.    There  was  little  confusion,  considering  the  fact  that  the  men 
had  little  time  to  get  acquainted  with  their  stations.    The  captain  handled  the  ship 
well,  especially  in  going  alongside  and  leaving  docks.     Both  in  coming  to  anchor  and 
on  getting  underway  there  was  some  uncertainty  at  first  as  to  the  amount  of  chain  out, 
but  this  was  obviated  to  a  large  extent  as  the  men  became  more  familiar  with  their 
duties.    The  crew  was  called  to  quarters  on  entering  and  leaving  port.    Men  were 
properly  stationed  at  the  flag  and  jack  staffs,  booms,  chains,  etc.,  and  carried  out 
their  duties  well,  with  the  exception  that  the  booms  were  seldom  gotten  out  with  the 
anchor,  due  mostly  to  the  fact  that  they  were  not  pointed  beforehand.     One  bad  fea- 
ture that  caused  some  delay  at  times  was  due  to  the  fact  that  there  was  no  means  of 
communication  from  the  bridge  or  forecastle  to  the  anchor  engine,  except  by  means 
of  a  hatch  located  some  distance  from  the  anchor  engine,  which  made  it  necessary 
to  repeat  orders  several  times  before  they  could  be  understood  and  carried  out.    A 
voice  tube  has  been  supplied  in  order  to  have  communication  from  the  forecastle  to 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CEUISES   1914.  33 

the  anchor  engine,  and  when  installed  will  greatly  facilitate  the  carrying  out  of  orders 
in  this  respect. 

9.  At  sea  lookout  and    fife-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved . 

10.  The  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  were  mustered  before  going  on  duty. 
Watches  were  stood  by  divisions,  each  division  going  on  duty  with  the  officers  of  that 
division.    All  details  were  relieved  from  the  watch  on  duty,  the  length  of  duty  depend- 
ing upon  the  number  of  men  available  in  the  division  for  the  various  details.     In 
general  the  watches  were  of  two  or  four  hours'  duration.    This  method  was  employed 
in  port  as  well  as  at  sea.    The  method  was  a  good  one,  as  it  brought  the  officers  in  con- 
tact with  their  own  men  practically  all  the  time,  men  with  whom  they  had  been  in 
close  association  in  the  organization  on  shore.     Special-detail  men  as  a  rule  reported 
individually  to  the  officer  of  the  deck  the  fact  of  their  relief.    A  few  of  the  officers 
required  the  boatswain's  mate  to  station  and  report  the  watch,  but  this  was  the  excep- 
tion rather  than  the  rule.      The  lifeboats  themselves  were  properly  equipped  for  sea 
and  in  a  condition  for  rapid  lowering. 

11.  The  drill  at  general  quarters  consisted  simply  in  a  perfunctory  stationing  of  the 
men.    The  men  had  an  extremely  limited  knowledge  of  their  duties.     Each  had  been 
given  a  number  in  a  gun's  crew  and  knew  the  location  of  his  gun  and  his  number  at 
the  gun,  but  had  only  an  elementary  idea  of  his  duties.    There  was  little  attempt 
made  at  the  organization  of  the  men  into  practical  working  gun's  crews,  and  no  attempt 
to  consolidate  them  as  a  battery.    At  the  call  for  general  quarters  the  men  went  to 
their  stations  promptly  and  quietly.      Fire  hose  was  led  out  and  accessory  boxes 
supplied.    Tompions  were  removed  with  one  or  two  exceptions.    The  organization 
was  in  general  ineffective.    This  was  probably  due  to  a  large  extent  to  the  fact  that 
guns  of  a  different  caliber  from  those  on  board  are  installed  in  the  armory  at  Detroit. 
Preparations  were  made  for  the  handling  of  ammunition .    The  magazines  were  opened , 
tackles  rigged,  and  men  stationed  in  such  a  manner  that  with  a  little  training  an 
adequate  supply  of  ammunition  could  be  maintained. 

12.  Fire  drill  was  carried  out  in  an  effective  manner.     The  organization  was  com- 
plete with  the  exception  that  no  provision  was  made  for  smotherers,  axmen,  etc. 
These  details  were  provided  for  after  the  first  drill.     All  hose  was  properly  led  out, 
ports  closed,  gratings  and  tarpaulins  hauled  over  hatches,  except  such  as  were  neces- 
sary for  a  special  passageway.     Men  were  standing  at  these  places.    The  drill  was 
accomplished  with  precision,  and  quietly. 

13.  Collision  drill  was  executed  in  a  manner  that  served  very  well  as  an  illustration 
of  the  manner  of  using  and  the  need  for  a  collision  mat.    The  mat  itself  could  not  be 
found  during  the  cruise,  and  consequently  an  improvised  method  was  necessary.    For 
this  purpose  a  hammock  was  used .    The  dip  rope  was  put  over,  hogging  lines  attached, 
and  the  hammock  hauled  over  the  side  to  the  water  line.    No  guys  were  used.    The 
men  performed  their  duties  well  under  the  orders  of  the  officers.    The  collision  mat 
was  reported  to  have  been  in  very  poor  condition  when  last  seen. 

14.  Abandon  ship  was  preceded  by  the  provision  call,  given  five  minutes  before- 
hand.   The  first  boat  got  away  from  the  ship  in  about  two  minutes  after  the  abandon 
ship  call  itself.     The  last  boat  got  away  in  fourteen  minutes.    The  boats  were  lowered 
promptly  but  lost  some  time  in  shoving  off  from  alongside.     Good  work  was  done  in 
getting  out  the  steamer  and  cutter  from  their  cradles.    The  boats  were  only  partially 
equipped  and  provisioned  but  very  adequately  for  use  in  the  Great  Lakes.    All  men 
and  officers  left  the  ship,  except  the  commanding  officer  and  the  men  actually  on 
watches  where  their  services  could  not  be  spared. 

15.  During  the  cruise  two  boat  drills  were  held  with  the  boats  in  flotilla  formation, 
and  one  boat  drill  with  the  boats  acting  independently.     Officers  went  out  in  the 
boats.    At  flotilla  drills  the  signals  from  the  ship  were  answered  promptly,  but  the 
evolutions  were  performed  only  fairly  well.     In  column  distance  was  poorly  kept, 
and  when  in  line  the  boats  were  seldom  properly  dressed.    The  stroke  in  general  was 
ragged;  some  oars  were  feathered,  others  not.    The  coxswains  seemed  familiar  with 
their  duties,  but  lacked  the  necessary  practical  experience  to  maneuver  the  boats  so 
as  to  make  the  evolutions  appear  smooth.    The  results,  however,  were  very  satisfac- 
tory considering  the  limited  amount  of  training  the  men  had  received.    The  cox- 
swains of  the  power  boats,  the  steamer,  and  the  motor  barge  handled  their  boats  excep- 
tionally well.     Improvement  was  shown  in  boat  work  during  the  cruise  and  with  addi- 
tional training  the  men  would  undoubtedly  become  more  proficient. 

16.  Man-overboard  drill  was  held  several  times  during  the  cruise  and  the  men  were 
drilled  many  times  at  getting  into  the  boat  with  all  preparations  being  made  for 
lowering  away.    At  the  drill  the  men  manned  the  boat  promptly  and  the  boat  was 
lowered  quickly.    There  was  always  some  confusion  about  the  men  getting  out  their 


34  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 

oars,  generally  due  to  a  lack  of  intimate  knowledge  as  to  which  par  each  man  should 
get  out.  The  coxswain  lacked  familiarity  with  the  use  of  a  steering  oar.  A  life  buoy 
was  dropped.  A  quartermaster  took  station  in  the  after  rigging  equipped  with  signal 
flag.  There  were  apparently  a  lack  of  understanding  between  signalman  and  cox- 
swain as  to  the  meaning  of  signals,  as  the  boat  generally  had  to  maneuver  considerably 
before  locating  the  buoy. 

17.  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  performed  their  duties  very  well.     There  was 
no  regular  signalman  on  watch.     The  quartermaster  looked  out  for  this  duty.     No 
opportunity  was  afforded  to  judge  their  ability  in  the  receiving  and  sending  of  messages 
as  the  ship  was  cruising  independently.     In  hoisting  fl<\r;s  at  boat  drill  they  performed 
their  duties  well.    They  were  fairly  well  versed  in  the  semaphore  code,  but  had  only 
an  elementary  knowledge  of  the  Morse  code. 

18.  Bag  inspection  was  held  once  during  the  cruise,  the  bags  of  the  first  and  second 
divisions  being  brought  to  quarters.     The  clothing  in  general  was  in  poor  condition 
and  each  man  had  only  a  very  limited  outfit.     Very  few  men  had  what  might  be 
termed  a  clean  bag.     In  one  division  no  attempt  was  made  to  lay  out  the  clotl.es  in  a 
regulation  manner,  no  clothes  were  stopped  up,  and  only  a  few  marked.     In  the  other 
division  most  of  the  clothes  were  stopped  up,  generally  laid  out  in  regulation  manner, 
and  most  of  the  clothes  marked.     In  both  divisions  many  watch  marks  were  lacking. 
At  hammock  inspection  the  hammocks  of  the  third  and  fourth  divisions  were  broken 
out.     The  hammocks  were  only  fairly  clean;  many  of  them  were  rather  dirty  on  the 
outside,  indicating  that  they  had  been  laid  out  on  the  decks  at  night  instead  of  being 
swung.     The  bedding  in  general  was  clean.     No  mattress  covers  were  used.     None  of 
the  bedding  was  marked,  as  it  was  served  out  on  the  ship  to  each  man  after  he  came  on 
board,  the  only  means  of  identification  being  the  number  on  the  hammock.     This 
resulted  to  a  certain  extent  in  the  lack  of  a  feeling  of  individual  ownership  that  results 
when  the  men  own  their  bedding  as  is  the  case  in  the  regular  service. 

19.  (a)  The  hull  of  the  ship  is  in  good  condition,  considering  the  age  of  the  ship  and 
the  duty  it  has  performed  for  several  years  past.     At  the  water  line  the  paint  is  prac- 
tically all  washed  away  and  there  are  indications  of  pitting.     Above  the  water  line 
the  hull  is  in  good  condition,  but  several  rust  streaks  were  noticeable.     The  paint  is 
thick  and  uneven  in  spots.    The  bilges  are  in  fair  shape,  but  need  a  general  over- 
hauling.   There  are  rust  spots  in  practically  all  of  them  and  in  several  there  was  a 
small  amount  of  water.    The  ship  needs  a  general  scaling,  inside  and  out. 

(6)  The  machinery  is  in  good  condition  and  worked  very  satisfactorily  during  the 
cruise.  The  main  engines  with  their  auxiliaries  are  in  very  good  shape.  Many  parts 
need  overhauling  but  there  is  nothing  that  could  not  be  done  by  a  regular  engine-room 
force  with  the  ship  in  full  commission.  The  distillers  were  the  only  auxiliaries  not  in 
working  order  during  the  cruise.  Repairs  beyond  the  capacity  of  the  ship's  force  are 
necessary  on  them.  The  boilers  are  new  and  in  excellent  shape.  They  were  found 
tight  in  all  respects  and  no  trouble  whatever  was  experienced  with  them.  The  boilers 
had  not  been  covered  with  clothing  and  lagging,  but  that  was  to  be  done  shortly  after 
the  completion  of  the  cruise. 

20.  The  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  the  fire  rooms  is  good.    The  bilges 
need  scaling.     It  was  found  impossible  to  thoroughly  inspect  them  during  the  cruise, 
but  evidence  of  scale  could  be  observed  in  many  places. 

21.  The  ship's  battery  is  only  in  fair  shape.     It  consists  of  two  3-pounder  guns,  six 
6-pounder  guns,  and  two  1-pounder  guns.     The  two  3-pounder  guns  are  the  only  ones 
that  are  in  any  respect  modern.    They  have  telescopic  sights  and  deflection  drums. 
The  6-pounder  guns  are  antiquated,  have  open  sights,  and  only  two  are  fitted  with 
deflection  gear,  and  these  are  of  a  very  poor  and  practically  useless  type.     Good  results 
for  present-day  firing  could  scarcely  be  expected  with  any  but  the  3-pounder  guns. 
Three  of  the  6-pounder  guns  have  no  firing  pins  and  there  are  no  spare  ones  on  board. 
The  accessory  boxes  of  the  3-pounder  guns  are  in  good  shape,  with  few  missing  articles. 
One  accessory  box  of  the  1-pounder  guns  is  in  fair  shape;  the  other  con  tains  only  a  few 
odds  and  ends.    The  6-pounder  accessory  boxes  have  practically  nothing  in  the  n. 
New  accessory  boxes  should  be  supplied  for  these  guns.     The  rifling  of  all  guns  is 
worn.     The  breechblocks  of  all  guns  were  found  in  good  condition.     They  have  been 
kept  stowed  away  between  cruises  and  vaselined  before  stowage. 

22.  The  ship's  boats  are  in  good  condition,  but  their  equipments  are  in  only  fair 
condition.    Most  of  the  oars  are  old  and  need  renewing.     The  boat  boxes  have  no 
equipment  whatever.    The  water  breakers  are  in  good  condition. 

23.  The  signal  outfit  is  in  good  condition.     A  new  ardois  stand  and  keyboard  were 
installed  during  the  cruise  and  the  outfit  worked  satisfactorily.     The  signal  flags  and 
semaphore  machine  are  in  good  condition.     The  searchlight  is  in  good  operating  order 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914.  35 

with  the  exception  that  the  automatic  control  has  been  removed  and  the  light  must 
be  controlled  by  hand. 

24.  The  electrical  apparatus  is  in  general  in  good  condition.     The  dynamos  and 
dynamo  engines  are  in  very  good  working  order;  they  need  a  general  overhauling, 
however.    The  armature  on  the  starboard  machine  needs  turning  down.     The  wiring 
of  the  ship  and  the  conduits  are  in  fair  condition;  the  junction  boxes  in  general  need 
new  gaskets.    The  battle  circuit  and  the  fireroom  circuit  had  grounds  in  them.    The 
entire  electrical  outfit  could  be  put  in  first-class  shape  in  a  short  time,  but  the  work 
of  a  complete  overhauling  could  not  be  accomplished  during  a  cruise  of  such  short 
duration.    The  electricians  were  all  good  men  and  had  a  very  thorough  and  practical 
knowledge  of  their  duties. 

25.  The  wireless  outfit  is  in  very  poor  shape.     The  instruments  were  not  installed 
at  the  beginning  of  the  cruise.    The  operator  worked  almost  incessantly  in  an  endeavor 
to  install  the  apparatus  but  had  little  success.     Parts  of  the  set  were  found  scattered 
all  over  the  ship.     Most  of  the  transmitting  set  was  found,  but  the  mercury  turbine 
interrupter  was  in  exceedingly  poor  shape  and  could  not  be  gotten  in  condition  to 
pump  the  mercury.     The  receiving  set  could  not  all  be  located.     The  set  is  veryold 
and  practically  worthless  in  its  present  condition.    The  radio  operator  brought  aboard 
a  receiving  set  of  his  own  and  succeeded  in  picking  up  the  weather  reports,  time 
reports,  and  several  other  broadcast  messages.    He  deserved  great  credit  for  his 
enthusiastic  endeavor  to  install  the  wireless  set  and  get  it  in  working  condition. 

26.  The  Navy  ship  keepers  have  carried  out  their  work  in  a  satisfactory  manner. 
The  number  of  men  detailed  for  this  purpose  is  considered  too  small  to  keep  the  ship 
in  proper  shipshape  condition.     It  is  recommended  that  one  fireman  and  one  seaman 
be  added  to  the  present  allowance. 

27.  Remarks: 

The  work  of  the  Naval  Militia  on  board  the  IT.  S.  S.  Don  Juan  de  Austria  was  highly 
satisfactory,  considering  the  conditions  under  which  the  cruise  was  started.  The  ship 
had  been  alongside  the  dock  at  the  Marine  Boiler  Works,  Toledo,  Ohio,  for  about 
three  months  just  previous  to  the  cruise  in  order  to  have  new  boilers  installed,  which 
work  was  just  completed  in  time  for  the  ship  to  leave  on  schedule  date.  The  ship  was 
taken  from  alongside  the  dock  on  the  morning  of  September  4  and  at  the  time  was  in 
an  exceedingly  dirty  and  littered  up  condition.  On  arrival  at  Detroit  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  same  day  it  was  necessary  to  coal  ship.  There  was  no  chance  to  clean  up  the 
decks  whatever  before  the  time  of  sailing  on  September  5.  Consequently  the  first  two 
days  out  had  to  be  spent  in  a  general  cleaning,  utilizing  time  that  could  little  be  spared 
from  organization  and  drills.  Also  the  fact  that  the  cruise  had  been  delayed  for  about 
a  month,  combined  with  the  uncertainty  up  to  the  last  minute  as  to  whether  it  would 
take  place  or  not,  produced  another  unfavorable  element.  An  organization  of  the 
character  of  the  Naval  Militia  is  dependent  to  a  large  extent  upon  the  ability  of  its  mem- 
bers to  arrange  their  vacations  in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  able  to  gather  together  at  an 
appointed  time.  Many  men  have  arranged  for  the  time  set  in  August,  utilized  their 
vacations  at  that  time  and  could  not  spare  further  time  for  the  cruise  in  September. 

The  officers  were  all  very  enthusiastic  ii  their  work,  anxious  to  learn,  and  tried 
hard  at  all  times  to  conform  as  nearly  as  possible  to  the  customs  of  the  regular  service. 
They  were  in  general  well  versed  in  their  duties.  The  captain  seemed  familiar  with 
the  handling  of  the  ship  and  had  splendid  ideas  on  the  management  and  control  of  the 
organization.  He  was  ably  assisted  by  the  executive  officer,  who  was  at  all  times  very 
zealous  and  worked  with  the  one  idea  of  perfecting  the  officers  and  men  in  those  details 
in  which  they  appeared  the  most  deficient.  The  other  officers  were  extremely  loyal  to 
the  captain  and  executive  officer;  were  anxious  to  carry  out  instructions  received;  and 
to  bring  their  departments  and  divisions  to  as  high  a  state  of  efficiency  as  possible.  The 
men  were  intelligent,  willing,  and  had  the  success  of  the  organization  at  heart.  It 
might  be  said  that  the  officers  were,  as  a  rule,  over  zealous  in  that  they  attempted  to  do 
too  much  of  the  work  themselves.  There  was  a  lack  of  assertion  of  authority  by  the 
petty  officers,  due  largely  to  the  fact  that  the  men  had  been  accustomed  to  observe 
the  orders  from  the  officers,  each  man  endeavoring  to  carry  out  the  orders  independ- 
ently. The  outfit  of  clothing  was  so  meager  that  the  men  could  not  show  to  good 
advantage  in  this  respect.  The  men  did  not  acquire  the  ability  to  keep  themselves 
clean.  There  was  noticeable  a  tendency  to  keep  a  dirty  uniform  for  work  and  a  clean 
one  for  quarters.  The  natural  consequence  was  that  during  the  day  there  was  a  mix- 
ture of  clean  and  dirty  uniforms.  It  is  thought  that  this  tendency  would  be  obviated 
by  a  cruise  of  longer  duration.  The  men  appeared  contented  at  all  times.  The 
messing  of  the  crew  was  exceedingly  satisfactory  and  reflected  credit  upon  the  com- 
missary department.  The  captain  and  navigator  navigated  the  ship  in  commend- 


36  NAVAL   MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

able  manner  and  seemed  well  qualified  in  pilotage.  The  watch  officers  stood  fairly 
good  watches.  Some  of  them  lacked  experience,  but  this  was  more  than  compensated 
For  by  the  spirit  of  cooperation  with  which  they  went  about  their  duties.  Marked 
improvement  was  shown  in  all  departments  as  the  cruise  progressed.  The  cruise  was 
altogether  too  short,  but  great  credit  is  due  both  officers  and  men  for  the  results  attained. 
There  was  evidently  a  good  theoretical  knowledge  of  life  on  shipboard,  but  the  men 
could  not  fully  adapt  themselves  to  the  actual  conditions  in  such  a  short  time  as  was 
placed  at  their  disposal.  Those  officers  who  had  been  given  an  opportunity  to  cruise 
with  ships  of  the  F  egular  Navy  showed  the  benefits  of  their  experience.  They  absorbed 
many  of  the  details  of  naval  life  that  can  only  be  obtained  by  association.  It  is  recom- 
mended that  every  encouragement  possible  be  given  both  officers  and  men  of  the 
Naval  Militia  to  take  these  cruises  with  the  Regular  Navy  in  order  that  the  benefits 
may  be  more  widely  distributed. 
28.  No  target  practice  was  held. 

MICHIGAN  AND  WISCONSIN— II.  S.  S.  YANTIC. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  D.  T.  HUNTER,  'United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary;  miles  steamed: 

Hancock,  Marquette,  Mackinac,  Bois  Blue,  Harbor  Springs,  Milwaukee,  Mackmac. 
Marquette;  1,497  miles. 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 

In  port,  2.25  tons;  underway,  10.5  tons  per  day. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway: 
Eight  and  four  tenths  miles  per  hour. 

4.  Complement: 

Officers,  17;  crew,  200:  Seamen,  144;  artificers,  10;  special  branch,  10;  hired  for 
cruise,  29;  regulars,  7;  total,  217. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 

G.  T.  Stephenson,  commander,  commanding. 

Paul  J.  Ruppe,  lieutenant  commander,  executive. 

Joseph  E.  Austin,  lieutenant,  navigator. 

George  M.  Rees,  lieutenant,  surgeon. 

Henry  W.  Hecker,  lieutenant,  acting  paymaster. 

James  Sullivan,  ensign,  engineer. 

Roy  L.  Rydholm,  lieutenant,  third  division.  , 

L.  W.  Warner,  first  lieutenant,  general  cleanliness. 

Donald  C.  Bell,  lieutenant,  fourth  division. 

F.  E.  McDonald,  lieutenant,  fifth  division. 

P.  J.  Buckley,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  second  division. 

Willis  Kuhn,  jr.,  lieutenant  (jurnor  grade),  second  division. 

Henry  Vanderwerp,  lieutenant,  (junior  grade),  fifth  division. 

Fred  M.  King,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  fourth  division. 

J.  B.  Coon,  ensign,  first  division. 

Fred  Seabrook,  ensign,  third  division. 

D.  G.  Vorous," ensign,  first  division. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner? 

Yes,  considering  the  inexperience  of  the  enlisted  personnel. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
A  skeleton  bill  had  been  prepared,  but  it  was  impossible  to  station  the  crew  on 

account  of  impossibility  of  knowing  beforehand  how  many  men  would  be  available. 
The  organizations  came  from  widely  separated  towns,  and  only  one  (the  Hancock 
organization)  was  on  board  when  the  cruise  commenced.  The  rest,  including  the 
Wisconsin  organization,  came  aboard  at  Marquette,  Mich. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  underway  accomplished? 

The  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  accomplished  in  a  seamanlike  manner. 
There  was  almost  no  confusion. 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes;  but  the  lookouts  did  not  seem  to  understand  relative  bearings  from  the  ship. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914.  37 

There  was  a  general  quarters  bill  and  all  men  stationed  at  guns  knew  their  stations 
and  went  to  them  when  general  quarters  call  was  sounded,  but  they  had  evidently 
not  had  much  drill  at  the  guns. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Fire  drill  was  carried  out  in  a  very  smart  and  efficient  manner. 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Evolution  well  performed;  mat  in  good  condition. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Evolution  was  performed  well. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 
Under  oars  and  sail. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 
Fairly  well. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 

The  lifeboat  crew  responded  promptly  to  the  call  and  the  boat  was  lowered  very 
[uickly.  There  was,  however,  some  confusion  due  to  a  number  of  officers  on 
leek  who  should  have  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  evolution,  but  endeavored  to  give 
orders  to  the  coxswain,  which,  of  course,  confused  him. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  men  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 
Yes. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

The  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards  uniforms  was  surprisingly  good.  After  the 
ship  had  been  at  sea  for  a  couple  of  days  and  the  men  had  had  a  chance  to  scrub 
clothes  their  appearance  was  good.  In  the  matter  of  regulation  underclothes  and 
shoes,  however,  they  are  rather  slack. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Fair.  The  hammocks  of  the  Ashland  division  were  very  dirty,  but  as  soon  as  oppor- 
tunity offered  all  hammocks  were  scrubbed. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship? 

The  general  condition  of  the  ship's  hull  is  remarkably  good,  considering  her  age. 
Her  machinery  is  also  in  good  condition  and  has  evidently  been  well  cared  for. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 
Clean  and  kept  well  painted. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Good  and  evidently  well  cared  for. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Fairly  good. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 

With  the  exception  of  the  ardois,  which  has  given  considerable  trouble  due  to 
grounds,  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit  is  good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 
Good. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 

The  wireless  apparatus  is  an  old  United  Wireless  Co.'s  set  leased  from  the  Marconi 
Co.  for  a  peiiod  of  six  months  every  year.  The  lease  is  at  present  canceled  and  the 
motor  generator  and  aerial  have  been  taken  out  by  the  company. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

Yes. 

29.  Remarks: 

In  my  opinion  the  enlisted  personnel  of  the  Michigan  and  Wisconsin  Naval  Militias, 
from  my  observations  on  board  the  ship,  could  be  readily  assimilated  in  the  regular 
service.  They  come  from  the  source  from  which  we  draw  our  men,  and  seem  inter- 
ested and  eager  to  learn.  In  the  drills  which  have  been  carried  out  they  are  fairly 
proficient,  but  in  the  matter  of  taking  care  of  themselves  on  board  ship  and  knowledge 
of  naval  customs  and  routine  they  plainly  show  inexperience.  The  officers,  with  the 
exception  of  a  few,  would  be  of  little  value  to  the  regular  service.  The  principal 
reason  for  this  is  their  lack  of  education,  and  the  fact  that  they  are  elected  by  the 
men  of  their  division  instead  of  being  appointed  after  being  examined  as  to  their 
qualifications.  On  this  ship  this  refers  only  to  the  watch  and  division  officers,  some 
of  whom  are  earnest  and  eager  to  learn,  but  the  majority  of  whom  seem  to  have  no  idea 
of  their  duties  and  responsibilities  as  officer  of  the  deck.  When  the  captain,  executive 
officer,  or  navigator  are  on  the  bridge  the  officer  of  the  deck  seems  to  feel  that  he  is 
relieved  of  all  responsibility,  although  it  has  been  repeatedly  explained  to  all  watch 
officers  that  this  is  not  the  case. 


38 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 


Commander  G.  T.  Stephenson,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  is  zealous,  energetic, 
capable.     He  handles  his  ship  in  an  efficient  and  seamanlike  manner  and  would 
a  credit  to  the  regular  service. 

Lieut.  Commander  Paul  J.  Ruppe,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  is  highly  interested  in 
the  naval  profession.  He  is  one  of  the  most  energetic  and  painstaking  officers  that  I 
have  ever  seen.  His  influence  over  the  men  and  his  command  over  them  are  good. 
His  principal  fault  lies  in  trying  to  do  too  much  of  the  ship's  work  himself. 

Lieut.  Joseph  E.  Austin,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  the  navigating  officer,  performs 
his  duties  efficiently,  and  being  a  graduate  from  the  United  States  Naval  Academy, 
class  1908,  naturally  knows  more  about  the  naval  profession  and  naval  customs  in 
general  than  any  otner  officer  of  the  ship. 

Lieut.  Henry  W.  Hecker,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  ordinarily  in  command  of  the 
Hancock  Division,  is  acting  paymaster  for  this  cruise,  and  is  energetic  and  efficient 
in  the  performance  of  his  duties. 

Asst.  Surg.  George  M.  Rees,  Michigan  Naval  Militia,  has  done  more  than  any  other 
officer  for  the  medical  department  of  this  organization.  He  is  the  chief  physician 
for  the  Calumet  &  Hecla  Mining  Co.,  and  therefore  a  man  of  high  professional  quali- 
fications. He  examined  physically  every  man  of  this  ship]s  crew  before  the  beginning 
of  the  cruise,  giving  them  the  same  examination  that  is  given  recruits  for  the  regular 
service.  He  is  endeavoring  to  keep  a  complete  medical  record  of  the  men  of  his 
organization  by  supplying  them  with  cards  and  envelopes  addressed  to  himself,  which 
are  to  be  filled  out  by  the  attending  physician  in  the  case  of  illness  of  any  of  his  men 
and  forwarded  to  him.  This  is  done  entirely  at  his  own  expense.  It  is  to  be  hoped 
that  the  men  will  cooperate  with  him  to  make  this  system  a  success.  On  the  whole, 
the  Michigan  officers  seem  to  be  superior  to  those  from  Wisconsin. 

30.  Recommendations: 

In  my  opinion  more  good  would  be  accomplished  by  assigning  each  State  a  naval 
officer  as  instructor  than  in  any  other  way,  because  it  is  the  officers  who  need  the 
greatest  amount  of  instruction,  and  1  believe  that  this  is  the  only  way  in  which  they 
will  be  able  to  get  it.  While  on  this  cruise  the  greatest  difficulty  "encountered  in 
handling  the  ships  in  squadron  formation  has  been  due  to  the  lack  of  proficiency  in 
signals.  This  is  plainly  due  to  lack  of  drill,  and  can  be  easily  remedied.  The  ships 
are  on  the  whole  rather  well  equipped,  but  are  all  old  and  not  very  well  fitted  lor 
their  present  use.  It  seems  to  me  that  the  money  spent  in  keeping  these  old  ships 
in  repair  could  be  used  to  much  better  advantage  in  building  small  modern  gunboats, 
which  would  answer  the  purposes  of  the  Naval  Militia  much  better.  If  practicable 
the  militia  should  have  two  cruises  a  year  instead  of  one,  as  at  present,  as  their  principal 
deficiencies  are  due  to  lack  of  practice  and  experience.  The  principal  needs  of  this 
ship  in  the  matter  of  equipment  are  a  ventilation  system  for  the  crew's  space  on  the 
berth  deck  and  two  motor  boats.  The  ship  has  at  present  a  small  regulation  steam 
launch,  which  is  old,  not  in  very  good  condition,  and  really  too  heavy  for  the  ship. 
She  has  also  a  motor  boat  which  was  made  out  ot  an  old  regulation  cutter,  and  contains 
a  small  engine  purchased  by  the  State.  This  engine  is  entirely  inadequate,  as  it  will 
hardly  propel  the  boat,  and  the  boat  is  entirely  useless  for  towing  and  for  liberty  parties. 


MINNESOTA— TJ.  S.  S.  GOPHER. 

Lieut.  E.  F.  JOHNSON,  United  States  Navy. 


1.  Itinerary: 


Date. 

Arrivals. 

Departures. 

Aug           8 

Left  Duluth  Minn 

Aug         10 

Arrived  Sault  Ste.  Marie  

Left  Sault  Ste  Marie 

Arrived  Mackinac  Island 

Aug          11 

Left  Mackinac  Island 

Arrived  Bois  Blanc  Island  

War  game. 

Aug.         12 

Sent  landing  party  ashore 

Left  Bois  Blanc  Island 

Arrived  Mackinac  Island 

Aug          13 

Left  Mackinac  Island 

Arrived  St.  Helena  
Arrived  Harbor  Springs 

Left  St.  Helena. 

Aug.    14-15 

Daily  maneuvering  off  Harbor  Springs  

Aug.         16 

Afternoon  —  boat  races  

Squadron  disbanded. 

Miles  steamed,  869. 

(NOTE.— The  Gopher,  after  the  disbanding  of  the  squadron,  was  to  cruise  independently  to  Detroit  for 
liberty  and  coaling  and  trnnce  to  return  to  Duluth.  This  report  includes  the  cruise  with  the  squadron, 
and  ends  August  16  Harbor  Springs,  Mich.) 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914.  39 

2.  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea: 

At  pea,  45  £  tons;  in  port,  18£  tons;  total,  64  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way: 

When  cruising  singly,  10  knots.  When  cruising  in  squadron,  7  knots.  Maximum 
sustained  speed  possible,  11  knots. 

4.  Complement: 
(//)  Officers,  12. 

(61)  Crew,  112.    (1)  Seamen  branch,  100;  (2)  engineer  force,  12;  (3)  artificers,  none. 
('•)  Marines,  none. 

5.  Name,  rank  and  duty  of  all  officers: 
Commander  G.  A.  Eaton,  commanding. 

Lieut.  Commander  C.  W.  Kelly,  executive  officer.          , 

Lieut.  Commander  A.  Sweiisen,  navigating  officer. 

Lieut.  Commander  N.  F.  Hugo,  engineering  officer. 

Lieutenant  and  Paymaster  Ahred  Engels,  pay  officer. 

Surg.  F.  D.  Patton*  medical  officer. 

Lieut.  R.  T.  Hugo,  division  officer. 

Lieut.  Joseph  Carhart,  jr.,  division  officer. 

Lieut.  Robert  Wilcox.  division  officer. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  II.  G.  Knapp,  division  officer. 

Em-ign  J.  N.  Shea,  division  officer. 

Ensign  E.  J.  Blanchard,  division  officer. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in 
a  seamanlike  manner? 

Yes. 

7.  Had  a  watch  quarter  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  commenced? 
Yes. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  underway  accomplished? 
Quietly  and  efficiently. 

9.  At  sea,  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboats  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 
Excellent.     However,  without  two  3-inch  guns,  a  small  range  finder,  and  an  at 

least  primitive  fire-control  installation,  the  general  quarters  drill  must  be  so  simple 
as  to  make  efficiency  in  carrying  it  out  mainly  a  matter  of  going  to  stations  quickly 
and  quietly.  The  installation  of  range  finder  and  a  simple  fire  control  is  not  recom- 
mended except  in  connection  with  the  installation  oi  two  3-inch  guns.  The  entire 
installation  is  recommended,  but  requires  strengthening  of  gun  platform.  ^  It  is  under- 
stood that  this  question  is  considered  in  report  of  The  Board  of  Inspection  and  Sur- 
vey, which  inspected  August  14  and  August  10,  1914. 

12.  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  periormed? 

Excellent.  Certain  changes  in  the  bill  w^re  recommended  which  are  to  be  incor- 
porated in  the  watch  quarter  and  station  bill  at  the  completion  of  this  cruise  (rather 
than  cause  contusion  by  changes  during  the  short  cruised 

13.  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

There  was  no  collision  mat,  and  therefore  no  drill  possible  except  use  of  pumps. 
The  navy  crew,  or  ship  keepers,  are  to  complete  a  mat  as  soon  after  the  cruise  as 
practicable. 

14.  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Excellent. 

15.  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held? 

Boat  drill  under  oars,  boats  maneuvering  singly  and  as  a  flotilla. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 
Excellent. 

17.  Man  overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed? 

Excellent.  On  signal  from  the  flagship,  buoy  was  dropped,  ship  maneuvered, 
boat  lowered,  buoy  recovered,  and  boat  hoisted  in  3  mi  \utes  While  procee  lino;  in 
formation  at  7  knots,  a  man  slipped  and  went  overboard  from  starboard  gangway 
platform.  Buoy  was  dropped,  boat  lowered,  ship  maneuvered,  man  swam  to  buoy, 
man  and  buoy  were  recovered  and  boat  hoisted  in  3  minutes,  5  seconds  from  time  of 
man  overboard. 


40  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duties  effi- 
ciently? 

Lookouts  and  life  buoy,  yes.  Signalmen,  at  semaphore  and  ardois,  excellent.  At 
flags,  excellent  at  reading  but  fair  at  sending.  At  handling  signals  received,  fair. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Very  good  except  shoes  and  underwear.  These  are  not  furnished  and  were  in  many 
cases  distinctly  nonregulation.  Jhoes  were  not  kept  shined. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 
Very  good. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?    (a)  Hull?  (b]  Machinery? 

(a)  Amount  of  water  in  bilges  indicates  neea  of  docking  and  repairs  as  found  neces- 
sary. (6)  Very  good. 

(No  detailed  report  is  here  made  since  the  ship  was  inspected  by  the  Board  of  Inspec- 
tion and  Survey  August  14  and  16,  1914.  The  cleanliness  of  the  ship  from  top  to  bot- 
tom, on  my  inspection,  August  16,  surprised  me,  although  I  had  expected  efficient  work. 
It  was  such  as  to  reflect  great  credit  on  the  officers  and  crew.) 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 

Excellent,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the  ship  was  under  way  practically  constantly 
during  working  hours. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Excellent. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 

Not  up  to  the  standard  of  cleanliness  of  the  ship,  except  the  gig,  than  which  I  have 
never  seen  a  better  kept  boat.  The  crew  is  a  picked  crew,  the  boat  officer  has  been  a 
boatswain's  mate,  second  class,  in  the  Navy,  and  all  take  a  personal  pride  in  their 
boat,  keeping  it  immaculate.  Other  boats  need  removal  of  paint,  smoothing  off,  and 
painting,  and  better  constant  care. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 

Excellent.  Some  of  the  new  pennants  have  not  yet  been  received,  but  the  few 
needed  will  be  required  for.  A  few  new  alphabet  flags  are  needed  to  replace  those 
torn  and  worn  in  use  during  cruise.  Excellent  care  of  apparatus  is  evident. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

Excellent.  A  new  7-kilowatt  turbine  generator  has  just  been  installed  by  the 
State. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 

This  is  a  set  rented  by  the  State  from  the  Marconi  Co.  for  the  time  of  the  cruise.  It 
is  rated  at  2  kilowatts.  Fair  to  good. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  men  employed  by  the  State  have 
endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration? 

Yes. 

29.  Remarks: 

To  sum  up  the  above  report,  the  ship's  officers  and  crew  have  spirit  and  discipline, 
the  latter  to  an  extent  which  (without  experience)  I  should  consider  unusual  in  a  volun- 
teer organization.  Tnis  discipline  is  the  basis  of  the  ship's  efficiency  at  drills  and  of 
her  cleanliness.  The  State  has  expended  a  large  amount  of  money  upon  the  above- 
water  body  of  the  ship  and  upon  her  machinery  and  equipment. 


1.  Itinerary: 


NEW  JERSEY— TJ.  S.  S.  ADAMS. 
Lieut.  L.  R.  LEAHY,  United  States  Navy. 


Arrive. 

Leave. 

Hoboken  

July   11 

Bar  Harbor 

July   14 

July   16 

Portland                                              * 

July    18 

July    19 

Provincetown  

July    20 

July    22 

Menernsha  Bight 

July    22 

July   23 

Gravesend  Bay  

July    24 

July   25 

Hoboken 

July    25 

Miles— total,  928. 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  4:1 

2.  Coal  consumption: 
Port,  18  tons;  sea,  83  tons. 

3.  Speed: 

Average  speed,  6J  knots. 

4.  Complement: 
(a)  Officers,  12. 

(6)  Crew:  (1)  Seamen  branch,  88;  (2)  engineer's  force,  24;  (3)  artificers'  branch, 
3;  (4)  special  branch,  5;  total,  120. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 

Edward  McClure  Peters,  commander,  commanding. 

Jesse  Foster,  lieutenant  commander,  executive  officer. 

Benjamin  J.  Soper,  lieutenant,  navigator  and  gunnery  officer. 

Henry  Sibley  Colding,  lieutenant,  chief  engineer. 

William  M.  Rouse,  lieutenant,  passed  assistant  paymaster. 

George  F.  Wilson,  lieutenant,  watch  and  division  officer. 

George  Phipps,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  watch  and  division  officer. 

Julius  F.  Zenneck,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  assistant  surgeon. 

Frank  R.  Brick,  ensign,  assistant  engineer. 

Justus  L.  Schlichting,  ensign,  watch  and  division  officer. 

Carl  T.  McNamara,  ensign,  watch  and  division  officer. 

Arthur  E.  Krottnaurer,  warrant  officer,  warrant  machinist. 

6.  The  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  was  done  after  getting 
under  way.     It  wa^  impossible  to  do  this  before  leaving  port,  because  the  men  did  not 
report  on  board  until  a  short  time  before  leaving,  and  the  number  of  men  making  the 
cruise  was  uncertain. 

7.  The  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  not  been  prepared,  but  was  made  out 
after  getting  under  way. 

8.  The  ship  was  gotten  under  way  on  all  occasions  in  a  seamanlike  manner. 

9.  Lookouts  and  life  buoy  watches  were  properly  posted,  relieved,  and  instructed. 

10.  Lifeboats'  crews  were  mustered  when  going  on  watch. 

11.  General  quarters  was  held  but  once,  no  fire  control  communication  installed,. 
a;nd  no  portable  hose  on  board.    The  drill  was  not  good. 

12.  Fire  drill  was  performed  in  an  efficient  manner,  improving  with  each  drilL 
All  special  details  ware  properly  provided  for. 

13.  Collision  drill  was  thoroughly  performed,  but  slow,  due  to  lack  of  experience  in 
handling  gear.     With  a  few  drills  this  evolution  could  b?  smartly  performed. 

14.  At  abandon  ship  a  few  men  failed  to  know  their  stations.     Lists  were  not  all 
corrected  up  to  date,  which  caused  some  mistakes.     No  provisions,  life  preservers,  or 
equipment  was  provided. 

15-16.  Boat  drills  improved  daily.  Boats  were  frequently  exercised  under  oars,, 
and  the  crews  showed  great  improvement  by  the  end  of  the  cruise. 

17-18.  Man  overboard  was  well  executed.    All  lookouts  properly  stationed. 

19.  Very  good. 

20.  Excellent. 

21-22.  (a)  The  hull,  in  general,  is  in  good  condition.  The  paint  should  be  removed 
both  on  the  interior  and  exterior  of  the  ship  and  the  ship  newly  painted.  The  paint 
is  very  old  and  dirty.  All  the  holds  and  storerooms  should  be  thoroughly  gone  over 
and  painted.  The  plumbing  should  be  torn  out  and  new  plumbing  installed.  The 
ship  is  in  a  very  insanitary  condition,  due  to  the  lack  of  plumbing. 

(6)  The  machinery  is  generally  good.  The  throttle  valve  should  be  overhauled 
and  a  distance  gear  installed  on  the  passover.  In  order  to  maneuver  ship  it  is  neces- 
sary to  laave  the  throttle  open  and  control  the  steam  with  the  main  stop.  Cylinder 
covers  should  be  lifted  and  piston  rings  examined. 

Two  leaky  tubes  developed  on  the  cruise.  On  examination  of  these  tubes  I  found 
considerable  corrosion  and  pitting.  One  tube  was  so  thin  that  a  hole  could  be  put  in 
it  at  almost  any  point.  The  boilers  should  be  thoroughly  examined  and  retubed 
where  necessary.  I  examined  the  furnaces  with  a  template  and  found  them  in  very 
good  condition.  The  bilges  and  shaft  alley  were  very  dirty  and  oily.  This  condition, 
has  been  improved  since  the  ship  was  taken  over  by  the  New  Jersey  Militia,  but  a 
thorough  cleaning  of  the  bilges  and  phaft  alley  should  be  made  as  soon  as  possible. 

23-24.  Ship's  battery  was  installed  three  days  before  sailing.  It  has  been  over- 
hauled and  put  in  condition  as  fast  as  time  would  permit. 

25.  Fair. 

56-27.  No  electrical  appliances  installed.  Oil  lamps  are  used.  A  dynamo  for 
lighting  purposes  should  be  installed.  The  dynamo  was  removed  by  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania,  but  most  of  the  wiring  remains.  A  portabb  radio  receiving  set  was 
used  to  great  advantage;  also  an  electric  hand  torch  rigged  up  with  storage  batteries. 


42  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

28.  From  my  observations  and  the  fact  that  this  ship  has  only  recently  been  turnec 
over  to  the  New  Jersey  Militia,  I  think  that  the  shipkeepers  are  performing  theii 
duties  properly.    A  great  deal  has  already  been  accomplished,  but  a  great  amount 
of  work  yet  remains  to  be  done. 

29.  I  consider  that  the  cruise  lost  many  of  its  good  results  by  keeping  the  ship 
eea  for  such  a  large  portion  of  the  time.     Sixty  per  cent  of  the  time  was  spent  at  s 
cruising  in  waters  that  are  generally  covered  with  fog.  making  conditions  moot  trying 
and  not  conducive  to  carrying  out  an  elaborate  drill  program .     If  this  cruise  is  intende( 
to  train  men,  more  time  should  be  spent  in  port  where  drills  can  be  carried  out.     As 
suggested  program,  all  ship?   rendezvous  at  some  central   anchorage,  say  Gardinei 
Bay,  and  carry  out  a  set  program  of  drills  for  six  or  more  drill  days,  permitting  th< 
commanding  officer  to  cruise  at  will,  conduct  drills,  and  give  liberty.     Maneuv 
could  be  carried  out  by  getting  under  way  for  a  few  hours,  and  conducting  these  ir 
neuvere  in  the  vicinity  of  the  base.     The  officers  displayed  great  interest  in  the  cruii 
and  a  ready  willingness  to  work  and  to  acquire  knowledge  of  the  naval  profession. 
consider  that  an  active  line  officer  should  be  detailed  for  a  period  of  about  three  mont 
to  give  instructions  to  the  officers  and  men  to  start  them  right.     I  found  that  lack 
professional  knowledge  was  not  due  to  lack  of  work  or  time  spent,  but  to  not  gettij 
started  right  and  not  knowing  where  to  look  for  information.     If  these  officers  wen 
instructed  in  the  rudiments  of  navigation,  ordnance,  fleet  routine,  and  naval  custor 
for  a  short  time  it  would  greatly  increase  their  efficiency,  and  furthermore  th< 
interest,  which  would  make  them  seek  further  information  about  the  naval  profession. 
This  would  make  them  much  better  instructors  for  the  crew. 

Condition  of  ship. — The  condition  under  which  this  ship  made  this  cruise  was  very 
bad.  The  ship  left  the  navy  yard  on  July  9,  the  cruise  commencing  on  July  11.  No 
opportunity  was  had  to  get  the  crew  together  or  to  station  the  men  before  getting 
under  way.  No  night  signaling  appliances  were  installed,  making  it  very  difficult  to 
get  a  signal  through  .it  night.  The  battery  was  installed  on  July  7-8,  but  the  sights 
were  not  installed  until  just  before  leaving  the  navy  yard,  all  of  which  was  hurriedly 
done.  No  training  appliances  were  received  before  commencing  the  cruise,  conse- 
quently no  training  of  pointers  or  gun  crews  could  be  accomplished.  A  Springfield 
rifle  was  rigged  up  for  ex-caliber-us?,  but  because  of  the  heavy  weather  at  Cape  Cod  Bay 
no  opportunity  to  use  it  was  had;  it  was  impossible  to  use  it  at  Bar  Harbor  or  Portland, 
and  fog  interfered  with  it's  use  while  at  sea  in  company  with  the  Chicago  and  Glouces- 
ter. Target  practice  was  abandoned,  as  the  ship  was  not  prepared,  and  it  was  consid- 
ered that  it  would  be  a  waste  of  time  and  ammunition.  Rifle  practice  at  200  yards 
was  held  at  Menemsha  Bight.  The  results  were  fair  considering  that  the  men  had  not 
received  the  prpper  course  at  preliminary  training. 

On  this  cruise  seven  firemen  were  hired  to  make  the  cruise.  From  experience  it 
has  been  found  that  the  members  of  the  engineer  force,  being  inexperienced,  can  not 
be  relied  upon  to  properly  fire  the  boilers  and  to  keep  up  steam. 

It  not  being  good  policy  for  men  to  make  these  cruises  who  are  not  regularly  enlisted 
in  the  Militia,  and  who  are  not  eligible  to  enter  the  regular  service,  it  is  suggested  that 
for  these  cruises  a  sufficient  number  of  regular  service  men  be  ordered  to  the  ships  to 
make  the  cruises.  This  would  assure  steam  being  properly  kept  up,  ind  they  could 
instruct  the  militiamen  in  firing  and  water  tending.  A  full  report  should  be  required 
covering  the  amount  of  fire-room  work  done  by  the  militia  and  the  progress  made. 
Sail  power  was  used  on  several  occasions  in  addition  to  steam,  and  with  affair  breeze 
about  nine  knots  was  made. 

In  conclusion,  I  desire  to  submit  the  following  recommendations: 

1.  Ship  to  be  fully  equipped  with  necessary  articles  for  instruction. 

2.  An  instructor  should  be  detailed  for  a  period  of  about  three  months  to  instruct 
•officers  and  crew. 

3.  No  one  to  be  enlisted  in  the  Naval  Militia  who  are  not  eligible  for  enlistment  in 
the  regular  service. 

4.  Officer  should  pass  a  thorough  examination  before  commissioning  and  upon  pro- 
motion. 

5.  Officers  be  compelled  to  make  the  summer  cruises  unless  unavoidably  prevented. 
An  officer  who  misses  two  consecutive  cruises  should  be  dropped. 

6.  If  this  ship  is  to  be  used  for  Naval  Militia  purposes,  it  should  be  provided  with 
an  ice  machine  and  cold  storage,  a  dynamo,  a  steam  winch,  and  a  radio  set.     At  present 
there  is  no  cold  storage,  not  even  a  place  where  ice  can  be  stored.     Oil  lamps  are  used, 
which  are  both  dangerous  and  inefficient. 

7.  A  portable  operating  table,  set  of  instruments,  and  medicine  should  be  supplied 
for  the  cruise. 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914.  43 

NEW  YORK— IT.  S.  S.  WASP. 

Ensign  H.  B.  GROW,  United  States  Navy. 

1-2.  Itinerary: 

Left  Ninety-seventh  Street,  9.14  a.  m.,  July  11;  arrived  Plum  Island  8  p.  m. 

Left  Plum  Island  2.15  p.  m.,  July  12;  arrived  New  London  4  p.  m. 

Left  New  London  12.13  p.  m.,  July  13;  arrived  New  Bedford  7  p.  m. 

Left  New  Bedford  11.50  a.  m.,  July  14;  arrived  Newport  4.30  p.  m. 

Left  Newport  1.30  p.  m.,  July  16;  arrived  New  London  4  p.  m. 

Left  New  London  1.45  p.  m.,"  July  17;  arrived  Greenport,  L.  I.,  6  p.  m. 

Left  Greenport,  L.  I.,  10.30  a.  m.,  July  18;  arrived  New  Haven,  Conn.,  5.30  p.  m. 

Left  New  Haven  10  a.  m.,  July  19;  arrived  New  Rochelle  3  p.  m. 

Left  New  Rochelle  6  p.  m.,  July  19;  arrived  Newport  9  a.  m.,  July  20. 

Left  Newport  4  a.  m.,  July  21;  arrived  White  Stone  4  a.  m.,  July  22. 

Left  White  Stone  9  a.  m.,  July  22;  arrived  West  Ninety-seventh  Street  4.30  p.  m. 

Between  ports  time  was  utilized  in  swinging  ship,  maneuvering,  and  steaming  for 
instruction.  Miles  steamed  on  whole  cruise  about  850.  Coal  consumption  is  given 
bv  tables  from  noon  to  noon. 

Tons. 

Commences  till  noon,  July  12 6.0 

July  12  to  noon,  July  13 3.2 

July  13  to  noon,  July  14 5.  3 

July  14  to  noon,  July  15 : 6.  3 

July  15  to  noon,  July  16 3.2 

July  16  to  noon,  July  17 4.  7 

July  17  to  noon,  July  18 4.5 

July  18  to  nopn,  July  19 5.5 

July  19  to  noon,  July  20 6.  5 

July  20  to  noon,  July  21 5.  3 

July  21  to  noon,  July  22 4. 0 

Total 54.5 

3.  The  vessel  steamed  very  well,  averaging  about  12  or  13  knots  at  standard  speed. 
Frequently  for  a  whole  watch  the  engines  would  turn  over  175  or  180  revolution  per 
minute,  equivalent  to  14  or  14.5  knots. 

4.  Completement  of  the  vessel: 

Lieut.  Commander  W.  B.  Wait,  jr.,  commanding. 
Lieut.  Chas.  Boone,  engineer  officer. 
Lieut.  Earle  Farwell,  navigator  and  executive  officer. 
Lieut,  (junior  grade)  C.  C.  Kimball,  surgeon  and  paymaster. 
Lieut,  (junior  grade)  Harry  R.  Brown,  first  division. 
Ensign  Clarence  A,  Moore,  second  division. 
Ensign  Chas.  A.  Mason,  powder  division. 

Deck  force:  1  boatswain  mate,  first  class;  1  gunner's  mate,  second  class,  acting 
boatswain  mate,  first  class;  1  gunner's  mate,  first  class,  acting  chief  gunner's  mate; 

1  gunner's  mate,  second  class,  acting  coxswain;  3  seaman,  acting  coxswain;  28  sea- 
men. 

Engineer's  force:  1  chief  machinist's  mate;  1  chief  electrician;  1  electrician;  2  water 
tenders;  1  machinist's  mate,  second  class;  4  firemen. 

Powder  division:  1  chief  quartermaster;  1  chief  commissary  steward;  1  quartermaster, 
first  class;  3  quartermasters,  second  class;  2  hospital  apprentices;  2  signalmen;  1  ward 
room  steward;  4  civilian  cooks;  1  chief  yeoman,  acting  chief  master-at-arms;  1  yeoman, 
first  class,  acting  chief  yeoman;  1  yeoman,  first  class,  acting  master-at-arms,  second 
class;  1  quartermaster,  second  class,  acting  radio  operator;  1  seaman,  acting  radio 
operator;  1  seaman,  acting  bugler;  1  ship's  cook. 

United  States  Navy  men:  1  chief  machinist's  mate;  1  boatswain  mate,  first  class; 

2  seamen;  2  firemen. 

5.  The  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  was  accomplished  in  a 
very  seamanlike  manner. 

6.  A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced. 

7.  The  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  always  accomplished  in  a  seamanlike 
manner  with  no  disorder. 


44  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

8.  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  relieved  at  sea, 
were  proficient  in  the  performance  and  knowledge  of  their  duties. 

9.  The  life  boats'  crews  -were  mustered  in  accordance  with  Navy  Regulations,  and 
frequently  at  other  times. 

10.  General  quarters  were  not  held. 

11.  The  evolution  of  fire  drill  was  performed  remarkably  well.     Especially  notice- 
able was  the  promptness,  energy,  and  order  everywhere  manifest  during  these  drills. 

12.  Collision  drill  was  performed  very  well,  the  mat  and  gear  is  in  good  condition. 

13.  Abandon  ship  drill  was  held  once  and  was  well  performed. 

14.  Boat  drill  was  held  once  during  the  cruise  and  was  not  very  successful.     This 
I  think  was  due  not  to  poor  seamanship)  or  to  poor  oarsmen,  but  rather  to  the  un- 
familiarity  of  the  boat  officers  with  the  signal  flags. 

15.  Man  overboard  drill  was  excellent.    The  evolution  was  performed  at  sea  with 
a  good  ground  swell  running,  which  gave  the  Wasp  considerable  motion.     The  cre\v 
were  absolutely  green.     The  boat  was  lowered  away  from  the  ship  with  full  crew  and 
equipment  in  less  than  one  minute,  and  it  was  done  quietly  without  disorder. 

16.  The  lookouts  and  life-buoy  men  performed  their  duties  efficiently.     There  were 
but  two  or  three  chances  to  observe  the  signalmen,  but  they  seemed  to  be  very  well 
informed  as  to  the  various  methods  of  signaling. 

17.  There  was  no  bag  and  hammock  inspection  held  as  such;  I.  however,  made  fre- 
quent observations.    The  men  of  the  crew  being  inexperienced  in  seamen's  ways, 
lacked  the  knowledge  that  most  seamen  have  of  how  to  keep  their  clothes  and  persons 
clean.    At  first  they  were  very  dirty,  but  in  a  few  days  there  was  a  marked  improve- 
ment, and  at  the  end  of  the  cruise  they  could  compare  favorably  with  the  regulars  in 
appearance. 

18.  The  same  remarks  apply  to  beddings  as  were  made  of  the  clothing. 

19.  A  thorough  inspection  was  made  of  the  Wasp,  and  she  seems  to  be  in  excellenl 
condition,  both  hull  and  machinery.     The  engines  work  well,  and  frequently  de- 
veloped 170  to  180  revolutions  per  minute,  equivalent  to  14  or  15  knots.    They*  were 
kept  clean  and  neat  at  all  times.     The  fire  rooms  are  in  good  condition,  but  the  small 
force  employed  rendered  it  impossible  to  spend  much  time  cleaning  up. 

20.  The  ship's  battery  (two  6  pounders  and  four  1  pounders)  is  in  fair  condition, 
although  of  not  much  practical  value.     Spare  parts  for  some  of  the  guns  are  noi 
available. 

21.  The  ship's  boats  are  in  excellent  condition. 

22.  The  signal  outfit  is  in  poor  condition,  flags  missing  from  the  large  set,  and  the 
equipment  not  complete.    However,  I  understand  that  there  is  a  requisition  in  to 
cover  this  deficiency. 

23.  The  electrical  apparatus  is,  on  the  whole,  in  good  condition,  but  should  receive 
more  attention  or  deterioration  will  follow. 

24.  The  wireless  outfit  is  new,  having  just  been  installed.     It  is  in  excellent  condi- 
tion and  should  be  taken  care  of.     During  pur  visit  to  Newport  it  was  used  for  all 
official  communications  and  worked  very  satisfactorily. 

25.  The  force  kept  on  board  when  the  vessel  is  not  in  use  is  evidently  not  sufficient 
to  keep  her  in  condition.    This  was  evident  in  many  ways  throughout  the  ship,  which, 
while  it  was  in  excellent  condition  generally,  was  visibly  neglected  in  detail.     It 
was  also  evident  that  the  navy  yard  force  had  done  their  work  hastily  before  she  was 
turned  over  to  the  State. 

26.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  a  very  large  percentage  of  the  crew— I  should  say  65 
or  75  per  cent,  maybe  more — had  never  been  on  a  ship  before,  I  think  their  perform- 
ance during  the  cruise  was  remarkable. 

27.  They  went  at  all  work  and  duty  with  energy  and  zeal  and  picked  up  naval 
ways  and  customs  rapidly.     They  displayed  at  all  times  great  willingness  and  good 
nature  and  a  strong  desire  to  work  and  learn  their  jobs.     Discipline  among  the  men 
was  excellent  and  their  conduct  on  shore  very  commendable. 

28.  The  officers  showed  great  ability  and  proficiency  in  the  manner  in  which  they 
took  this  crew  of  72  men,  and  in  the  short  time  available  worked  into  shape  a  seaman- 
like  and  well-organized  crew.     One  instance  specially  deserves  mention.     On   the 
morning  of  July  22,  coming  through  Hell  Gate,  the  Wasp  struck  a  submerged  obstruc- 
tion and  heeled  to  port  and  then  heavily  to  starboard.     There  was  absolutely  no  dis- 
order or  noise,  and  the  evolution  of  collision  was  quickly  performed  as  if  it  were  at 
drill,  the  men  all  falling  in  ranks  when  finished. 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

NEW,  YORK— TJ.  S.  S.  WASP. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  L.  JORDAN,  JR.,  United  States  Navy. 
1.  Itinenary: 


45 


Ports  visited. 

Dates. 

Arrival. 

Depar- 
ture. 

July   26 
July   27 

July  27 
Do. 
Do. 
July   29 
Aug.     1 
Aug.     2 

Fort  Pond  Bay  NY                                                                                      

Bradford   R  I                                     

July   29 
July   31 
Aug.     1 

Miles  steamed,  831. 

2.  Quantity  of  coal  consumed: 
Steaming,  35  tons;  in  port,  20  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way: 
Eleven  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

Officers,  7;  crew,  70;  seaman  branch,  48;  artificer  branch,  none;  artificer  branch 
(engine-room  force),  12;  special  branch,  none;  bandsmen,  none;  hired  men,  4  mess 
attendants;  marines,  none;  6  men,  United  States  Navy. 

5.  List  of  officers: 


Name. 

Rank. 

Ship's  duty. 

L  Edson  Raff                  ..  

Lieutenant.  

Commanding  officer. 

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

Executive  and  navigating  officer. 

W   H   Boyd                        

do  

Paymaster. 

Berkeley  JCetcham 

Ensiim    

Watch  and  deck. 

do  

Do. 

do  

Do. 

Charles  A.  Mason   

do  

Do. 

ORGANIZATION. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner? 

Yes.     Small  station  bills  were  issued  promptly  to  each  man. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
Yes;  but  some  changes  were  made  on  the  day  of  sailing,  because  of  changes  in  crew 

at  the  last  moment. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 
Very  good.    There  seemed  to  be  an  improvement  each  day. 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes.     Particular  note  was  made  of  this. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

DRILLS. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  charters? 

Not  very  good.  It  is  considered  that  this  was  due  to  inexperience  of  the  crew  and 
to  their  not  being  properly  instructed.  Some  did  not  even  know  their  stations  at  the 
gun. 

12.  Fire  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Very  well.    This  drill  improved  considerably  and  the  time  was  good. 


46  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 

13.  Collision  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condit 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Drill  performed  very  well.  Time  very  good.  Each  drill  showed  an  improvement. 
Mat  in  good  condition. 

14.  Abandon  ship;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Excellent.  There  was  a  marked  improvement  in  thus  evolution,  considering  that 
many  of  the  crew  were  new.  The  last  drill  showed  the  enthusiasm  of  the  entire  crew 
and  their  desire  to  make  a  good  showing. 

15.  Boat  drills;  what  boat  drills  were  held? 
Drill  under  oars,  boat  tactics,  lifeboat  drill. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

Lifeboat  drill,  very  good.  Boat  tactics  under  oars,  good.  No  complete  outfit  of 
boat  sails  on  board. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill;  how  was  the  exercise  performed? 

Good.  The  boat  got  away  nicely.  The  officer  of  the  deck  showed  some  excitability 
but  was  quickly  relieved  by  the  commanding  officer. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  efficiently? 
Yes. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection;  what  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Genera]  condition  very  good.  It  is  not  considered  that  the  present  outfit  of  clothing 
is  sufficient.  One  extra  suit  of  whites  and  blues  and  an  extra  pair  of  shoes  should  be 
required.  In  this  question  and  answer  the  reporting  officer  took  into  consideration 
the  scarcity  of  clothing. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

General  condition  very  good,  considering  the  fact  that  the  allowance  of  mattress 
covers  is  one  per  man.  The  engineer's  bedding  was  fair  as  compared  with  the  deck 
orce. 

GENERAL   CONDITION    OF   THE    SHIP. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship? 

(a)  Hull,  good.  (6)  Machinery,  good.  Engine  of  motor  dory  loose  on  foundations 
and  at  times  engine  is  troublesome. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 

Good.  Fireroom  fitted  for  closed  fireroom  system  of  forced  draft,  but  the  condition 
of  ventilators  and  deck  overhead  render  this  impossible  due  to  various  air  leaks. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 
Fair.    This  is  not  the  fault  of  the  present  crew  on  board,  however.     The  spare  parts 

and  accessories  are  few.  A  cap  square  has  been  missing  from  the  forward  starboard 
1  pounder  on  main  deck,  rendering  gun  useless  at  present.  Forward  1  pounder 
battery  practically  useless  without  more  fittings. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 
Good. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 
Good. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
Yes;  but  not  in  use  at  present.     No  operator  on  board. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship-keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration?     (Not 
applicable  ships  in  reserve  commission) 

Yes,  but  it  is  considered  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  are  not  sufficient  in  number. 
Should  be  two  more  men. 

29.  General  items  of  interest  pertaining  to  efficiency  of  Naval  Militia  organization 
and  comment  of  the  inspecting  officer  relative  thereto. 

On  this  cruise  the  majority  of  the  men  were  on  their  first  cruise  and  very  ignorant, 
but  apparently  very  willing  and  anxious  to  learn.  Marked  improvements  have  been 
made  even  in  one  week's  cruise. 

Capt.  Raff  has  been  very  zealous  in  his  duties  and  has  shown  tendencies  toward 
personally  attending  to  duties  that  belonged  to  his  subordinates;  but  to  a  certain 
extent  this  is  excusable  when  considering  that  th^  cruise  was  only  for  one  week  and 
that  the  watch  and  division  officers,  though  enthusiastic,  seemed  more  or  less  ignorant 
and  green  as  to  their  duties  as  watch  and  division  officers. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


47 


It  18  considered  that  Capt.  Raff  himself  is  a  very  efficient  officer,  but  has  been 
hand'capped  as  above  stated.  It  is  considered  that  if  these  officers  are  put  under  the 
charge  of  an  efficient  watch  and  division  officer  rapid  improvement  would  be  made 
in  view  of  the  enthusiasm  shown. 


1.  Itinerary: 


NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  WASP. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  L.  JORDAN,  JR. 


Da 

te. 

Ports  visited. 

Arrival. 

Depar- 
ture. 

steamed 

Aug.     8 

Aug.    9 

120 

Aug     9 

do 

26 

Block  Island  (to  sea  and  returned  to  Block  Island) 

Aug.  10 

(Aug.  10 

\             71 

Gardners  Bay  Lon^  Island 

An"    11 

\Aug.  11 
AuCT    13 

115 

New  London,  Conn                                        

Aug.  13 

Aug.  14 

42 

Greenport  and  target  practice 

\ug    14 

do  . 

40 

New  Haven,  Conn  :  

Aug.  15 

Aug.  15 

52 

Plum  Gut  and  New  York  City     ...                    

do  

155 

2.  Quantity  of  coal  consumed: 
Steaming,  23.1  tons;  in  port,  23.9  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way: 

Ten  and  six- tenths  knots;  revolutions  per  minute,  137. 

4.  Complement: 

Officers,  9;  crew,  52;  seaman  branch,  39;  artificer  branch,  1;  artificer  branch  (engine- 
room  force),  12;  special  branch,  none;  bandsmen,  none;  hired  men,  4;  Navy  men,  6; 
marines,  none. 

5.  List  of  officers: 


Name. 

Rank. 

Ship's  duty. 

Lemuel  E   Raff 

Lieutenant 

Commander 

William  L.  Mallon  

do  

Executive  officer. 

Roland  R  Riggs      

Lieutenant  (junior  grade)  

Navigator. 

Henry  T  W  illiams       

Assistant  surgeon  and  lieutenant 

Surgeon  and  paymaster 

Frederick  L  Rupp 

(junior  grade). 
Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

Commandin01  first  division 

Prescott  B  Wiske 

]  nsi^n  and  engineer  officer  

Engineer  o  'fleer 

Frederick  O.  Denecke  

Ensign  

Commanding  second  division. 

Carl  T  Forsberg  

..  .do  

Commanding  third  division. 

Aunley  D  Marsh 

do        .            ... 

Junior  officer  first  division 

ORGANIZATION. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner? 

Yes;  as  far  as  practicable. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 

Yes;  but  not  completed  until  after  cruise  started.  There  was  some  delay  in  assign- 
ing individual  duties.  This  delay  seemed  unnecessary.  The  general  bill  was  pre- 
pared before  cruise  commenced. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 

Fair.  There  seemed  to  be  confusion  on  the  forecastle  at  times  and  lack  of  system. 
At  one  time  the  lead  and  line  could  not  be  found,  and  after  much  delay  another 
replaced  it.  Also  the  leadsman  was  not  prompt  in  manning  the  chains.  At  one 
time  releasing  pin  was  not  removed  for  letting  go  the  anchor. 

64628°—] 


48  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

9.  At  sea  were  the  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 

Good.  This  drill  showed  that  the  crew  had  received  some  instruction  as  to  their 
duties  previous  to  this  drill.  Only  one  was  held. 

12.  Fire  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Very  good.  This  drill  was  very  complete  but  a  little  noisy  at  first.  The  noise 
was  soon  quieted,  however. 

13.  Collision  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Performance  very  good;  condition  mat  very  good.  One  real  drill  held.  Collision 
was  aft;  dip  rope  delayed  drill. 

14.  Abandon  ship;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Fair.     Time  very  poor,  due  to  delay  in  rigging  out  boats.     A  little  confusion  shown. 

15.  Boat  drills;  what  boat  drills  were  held? 
Boat  tactics  under  oars;  lifeboat  drill. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

Poor  to  fair.  Would  credit  this  to  the  inefficiency  of  the  boat  officers,  and  lack  of 
experience  of  the  men  in  boats  under  oars. 

17.  Man  overboard  drill;  how  was  the  exercise  performed? 

Poorly.  Boats  were  slow  in  getting  out  oars.  Boat  was  cast  off  before  boat  was 
under  control.  Some  confusion. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  effi- 
ciently? 

Yes. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection;  what  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Deck  force  fair;  engineer's  force  very  good.  Many  dirty  clothes,  considering 
that  deck  force  was  equipped  with  three  white  suits  per  man. 

20.  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Fair  to  good.     One  mattress  cover  per  man,  therefore  mattress  covers  generally 
dirty. 
-   21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship? 

(a)  Hull:  Good,  but  main  deck  aft  in  great  need  of  calking;  many  leaks  into 
wardroom  country.  (6)  Machinery:  Good;  conditions  of  last  report  still  exist. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 

Very  good.  Conditions  of  last  report  stiU'exist  regarding  closed  fireroom  system 
of  forced  draft. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts  and  accessories? 
Three-pounders  good,  1-pounders  poor,  very  few  spare  parts  and  accessories.     Cap 

equare  lost  forward  1-pounder  starboard  side. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 

Good,  except  oars;  oars  fair.     Oars  appear  to  be  very  old  and  need  renewing. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
'    Good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 
Good. 

27.  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  sufficient? 

"    No  wireless  operator  on  board,  but  apparatus  said  to  be  good. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  shipkeepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration?     (Not 
applicable  to  ships  in  "reserve  commission".) 

Yes,  but  it  is  considered  that  more  Navy  shipkeepers  should  be  detailed  for  duty. 
There  are  no  men  regularly  employed  by  the  State  kept  on  board. 

29.  Remarks: 

General  items  of  interest  pertaining  to  efficiency  of  Naval  Militia  organization  and 
comment  of  the  inspecting  officer  relative  thereto. 

It  is  believed  that  this  cruise  of  the  Wasp  would  have  been  more  successful  had  the 
watch  and  division  officers  been  more  enthusiastic  and  more  attentive  to  duty.  There 
appeared  to  be  considerable  lackness  in  this  respect  among  the  deck  division  officers. 

There  were  not  very  many  drills  held  on  this  cruise. 


NAVAL  MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


49 


It  is  recommended  that  at  the  earliest  convenient  time,  after  main  deck  be 
recalked,  and  especially  that  ward-room  toilets  be  replaced  by  a  more  modern  type. 
There  was  considerable  trouble  with  the  toilets  on  this  cruise.  This  change  is  con- 
sidered very  necessary. 

NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  WASP. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  L.  JORDAN,  JR.,  United  States  Navy. 
1.  Itinerary: 


Da 

te. 

Miles 

Arrival. 

Departure. 

steamed. 

New  Haven  Conn 

\U<T    22  1914 

Aug    23  1914 

97  50 

AU".  23'  1914 

Aurr    24  1914 

76  25 

New  London,  Conn  
New  Havon,  Conn  

Aug.  24,1914 
do    . 

do..'  
^U"    25  1914 

43.75 
42  00 

New  Lonlon,  (  'onn  

Aug.  25  1914 

Aii"    26  1914 

43  50 

Gardiners  Bay,  N   Y 

Aug    26  1914 

do 

19  25 

Greenport,  L.  I.,  N.  Y  

.do  

Aug    27  1914 

9  50 

Gardiners  Bay  and  maneuvering  
Greenport  .'  

Aug.  27,1914 

do  

9.50 
72  00 

Gardiners  Bay  and  mancuverin0' 

/Aug.  27,1914 

Aug.  28,1914 

(9.50 
Q  T(> 

\Aug.  28,1914 

..  ..do  . 

do 

Aug    29  1914 

75.00 
9  50 

New  Re^hello  N  Y 

Aug    29  1914 

Aug    30  1914 

R7  Wl 

New  York  

Aug.  30,1914 

36  00 

2.  Quantity  of  coal  consumed: 
Steaming,  29  tons;  in  port,  20.3  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway: 
Nine  and  sixty-five  one  hundredths  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

Officers,  9;  crew,  59;  seaman  branch,  31;  artificer  branch,  16;  artificer  branch 
(engine-room  force),  none;  special  branch  (U.  S.  Navy  crew),  6;  bandsmen,  none; 
hired  men,  5;  marines,  none. 

5.  List  of  officers: 


Name. 

Rate. 

Ship's  duty. 

William  B.  Wait,  jr  

Lieutenant  commander  

Commandin<T  officer 

Bertrand  F   Bell                      

Lieu  tenant 

Executive  oT^cer 

Chavles  Boone 

do 

Fred  L  Rupp 

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

Augustus  Ma^Collom            .... 

.do 

rator. 
Watch  and  division  officer 

Berkelev  g   Ketcham 

Ensign 

Do 

Harold  W.  Browne  

.  .do  

Do 

Richard  Condon 

do 

Do 

Amos  O   Squire 

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

ORGANIZATION. 

6.  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
Beamanlike  manner? 

This  was  accomplished  fairly  well,  when  it  is  considered  that  some  men  had  to  be 
shifted  in  their  stations,  due  to  shortness  of  crew  on  this  cruise,  and  also  uncertainty 
as  to  the  complement  of  the  crew. 

7.  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  cruise  commenced? 
A  general  bill  had  been  prepared,  but  several  changes  and  individual  assignments 

for  general  drills  were  made  after  cruise  commenced. 


50  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

8.  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  underway  accomplished? 

Fair.     The  ground  tackle  on  theWasp  is  of  the  old  type,  using  catfall,  and  the  ev( 
lution  is  naturally  slow.     Marked  improvement  has  been  apparent  at  each  evolution. 
Once  or  twice  the  lifeboat's  crew  was  forgotten;  also  man  was  slow  getting  in  chains 

9.  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved? 

Yes. 

10.  Were  the  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  duty? 
Yes,  and  instructed. 

11.  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters? 

Fair.  Some  gun  crews  ignorant  as  to  their  stations.  This  is  credited  to  lack  of 
drill  and  instruction  at  the  gun.  • 

12.  Fire  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 

Very  good.  Several  drills  were  held  and  marked  improvement  shown  at  each 
successive  drill. 

13.  Collision  drill;  how  was  the  evolution  performed,  and  what  was  the  condition 
of  the  collision  mat? 

Good.     Much  improvement  shown  as  week  progressed. 

14.  Abandon  ship;  how  was  the  evolution  performed? 
Good.     Time  somewhat  slow,  but  men  properly  instructed. 

15.  Boat  drills;  what  boat  drills  were  held? 

Boat  tactics  under  oars  and  lifeboat  drill.  No  complete  outfit  of  boat  sails  on 
board. 

16.  How  were  they  performed? 

Fair.  Lark  of  practice  was  shown  both  on  the  part  of  the  boat  officers  and  crew  at 
at  theses  drills;  much  enthusiasm  was  shown,  however. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill;  how  was  the  exercise  performed? 
Good .    Marked  improvement  was  shown  as  week  progressed. 

18.  Did  signalmen,  lookouts,  and  men  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  effici- 
ently? 

All  performed  duties  properly,  excepting  signalmen,  who  did  not  know  the  proper 
flag  signals  for  directing  boat. 

19.  "Bag  and  hammock  inspection;  what  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
uniforms? 

Very  good  generally.  The  crew  on  this  cruise  of  the  Wasp  were  older  men  in  the 
militia  service  and  made  a  very  good  showing  at  this  inspection. 

20.  WTiat  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding? 

Very  good,  with  some  few  exceptions,  which  were  due  apparently  to  the  individual's 
carelessness.  There  was  only  one  bedding  inspection  held. 

GENERAL   CONDITIONS    OF   THE    SHIP. 

21.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?    (a)  Hull : 

Good,  but  several  reverse  angles  are  corroded  to  a- marked  degree.  Also  in- engine 
room  hatch  the  steel  sheeting  has  corroded  through  in  places.  Condition  of  main 
deck  aft,  same  as  last  reported,  leaking  badly.  Hull  itself  good.  Engine  room  and 
fireroom  skylights  in  bad  condition,  need  repairing.  Bulkhead  between  engine  and 
fire  rooms  not  absolutely  water-tight. 

(6)  Machinery: 

Good. 

22.  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms? 

Good.  Some  reverse  angles  corroded.  Bilges  are  cleaned  once  a  week,  and-  con- 
dition generally  good. 

23.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories? 

Three  1-pounders  aft,  good;  1-pounders  forward,  fair.  Cap  square  missing  from 
trunnion  of  starboard  1-pounder,  main  deck.  There  are  very  few  spare  parts  and 
accessories  on  board. 

24.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats? 

Boats  very  good.  Oars  poor,  need  renewing.  Boat  equipment  far  from  complete 
in  regard  to  boat  boxes,  water  breakers,  etc. 

25.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit? 
Good. 

26.  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus? 

Dynamo  in  good  condition.  Wiring  very  good  except  forward  lighting  circuit, 
which  is  very  easily  grounded.  Rheostat  equipment  requires  surveying.  Learn  that 
present  rheostat  was  borrowed. 


NAVAL   MILITIA    CRUISES  1914. 


51 


27.  la  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient? 
Yes. 

28.  Is  it  evident  that  the  navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration?    (Not 


applicable  to  ships  in  '  'reserve  commission.") 
Yes;  but  it  is  suggested 


that  more  navy  ship  keepers  be  detailed  for  this  duty,  as 

the  present  force  on  board  seem  insufficient  lor  the  proper  upkeep  of  the  ship.     There 
are  no  men  employed  by  the  State  kept  on  board. 

REMARKS. 

29.  General  items  of  interest  pertaining  to  efficiency  of  Naval  Militia  organization 
and  comment  of  the  inspecting  officer  relative  thereto: 

This  cruise  of  the  Wasp  has,  in  my  opinion,  been  a  very  successful  one.  The  crew 
and  officers  worked  together  and  the  ship  was  managed  as  much  on  a  regular  man-of- 
war  basis  as  could  be  expected,  when  considering  that  the  crew  and  officers  were  not 
picked  and  were  together  for  only  one  week's  cruise.  Much  credit  is  due  to  the  captain 
and  the  enthusiasm  of  the  entire  ship's  company. 

The  watch  officers  exercised  for  two  days  in  school  of  the  ship. 

At  times  the  watch  and  division  officers  showed  lack  of  initiative.  This  was  par- 
ticularly evident  at  general  drills. 

As  a  final  remark  would  state  that  on  this  cruise  I  was  not  assigned  a  room,  as  on  the 
two  previous  cruises,  but  a  cot  instead.  The  captain  insisted  that  his  watch  officers 
deserved  rooms,  even  though  ensigns  in  rank.  The  department's  decision  regarding 
this  matter  was  noted  by  me,  and  the  matter  dropped. 

NEW  YORK—  U.  S.  S.  GLOUCESTER. 

Ensign  D.  I.  HEDRICK,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary  —  miles  steamed: 

Left  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  5.15  p.  m.,  July  11;  arrived  Bar  Harbor  6.56  p.  m.,  July  14; 
miles  steamed,  497.8. 

Left  Bar  Harbor  5.35  a.  m.,  July  17;  arrived  Portland  4.50  p.  m.,  July  18;  milea 
steamed,  207.9. 

Left  Portland  11.30  a.  m.,  July  20;  arrived  Provincetown  11  p.  m.,  July  20;  miles 
steamed,  120. 

Left  Provincetown  11.08  p.  m.,  July  20;  arrived  Great  Salt  Pond,  Block  Island,  1.15 
p.  m.,  July  21;  miles  steamed,  165. 

Left  Great  Salt  Pond  6.18  p.  m.,  July  21;  arrived  Huntington  Bay  5.09  a.  m.,  July 
22;  miles  steamed,  63. 

Left  Huntington  Bay  10.32  a.  m.,  July  22;  arrived  foot  Fifty  -second  Street,  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y.,  July  22;  miles  steamed,  29. 

Total  miles  steamed,  1,082.7. 

2.  Coal  consumed: 

In  port,  11  tons;  at  sea,  112  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  underway: 

Eight  knots  (this  is  low,  due  to  the  large  amount  of  cruising  in  fog). 

4.  Complement: 
See  table. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 


Name. 

Rank. 

Duty. 

Brinckerhoff,  C.  O... 

Commander 

Commanding 

Perrv  A  I 

Lieutenant 

Crissey,  C.  P  

Lieutenant  and  paymaster 

Paymaster 

Meaner  J.  F.  W       

Lieutenant  (junior  grade)    as- 

Bennett E   R 

sistant  surgeon. 

Nelson,  Theodore  

neer  officer. 
Lieutenant 

Holton,  L.  H  

Lieutenant  (junior  grade) 

ior). 

Dickinson,  L  

Ensign  

Watch  and  fourth  division*  not- 

Moore, Arthur  

do               .  .. 

ing  gunnery  officer. 
Watch  and  third  division 

52  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

6.  The  assignment  of  station  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  waa  accomplished 
in  a  very  orderly  and  seamanlike  manner. 

7.  A  very  complete  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  prepared  before  the 
cruise  commenced.     Some  minor  changes  in  it  were  necessary,  due  to  the  inability  of 
a  few  of  the  members  of  the  crew  to  make  the  cruise  at  the  last  moment. 

8.  The  Gloucester  docks  at  the  foot  of  Fifty-second  Street  in  Brooklyn  at  the  head  of 
a  long  narrow  slip,  which  is  always  more  or  less  blocked  by  tugs  and  cai  floats,  alongside 
the  Bush  Terminal  Co.'s  piers.    This  makes  it  very  difficult  for  a  single  screw  vessel 
to  get  in  and  out.     Getting  underway  was  further  hindered  by  the  foundering:  of  a 
tug  off  the  entrance  of  the  slip,  just  a  few  minutes  before  the  Gloucester  ca^t  off.     Never- 
theless, the  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  performed  well,  considering  the  diffi- 
culty of  the  undertaking. 

9.  At  sea  the  lookouts  and  lifebuoy  watches  were  in  general  properly  stationed  and 
regularly  relieved.     During  rough  weather  on  the  17th  men  on  lookout  and  lifebuoy 
watches  had  to  stand  longei  watches  on  account  of  the  seasickness  of  a  large  number 
of  the  crew. 

10.  The  lifeboat  crew  and  watch  on  deck  were  mustered  when  going  on  duty. 

11.  No  general  quarters  drill  was  held. 

12.  Fire  drill  was  very  quickly  and  efficiently  performed. 

13.  Collision  drill  was  not  so  well  done,  lack  of  familiarity  with  the  method 
leading  out  the  hogging  lines  and  guys  being  noticeable.     No  dip  rope  was  provided 
and  its  necessity  and  use  were  apparently  not  understood.     The  collision  mat  was  in 
excellent  condition.    The  hogging  lines  and  guys  were  too  well  stopped  inside  for 
quick  running. 

14.  Abandon  ship.    This  evolution  was  very  well  performed. 

15-16.  No  boat  drills  were  held.  The  boat  work  of  the  ship's  running  boats  was  in 
general  very  good. 

17-18.  No  man-overboard  drill  was  hold. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection.     The  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards  uniform 
was  excellent. 

20.  Bedding  was  in  excellent  condition. 

21.  (a)  The  hull  appears  to  be  in  fair  condition.    The  main  deck  is  in  very  bad 
condition  and  leaks  throughout  the  length  of  the  ship,  causing  corrosion  beneath  it, 
which  can  be  detected  on  the  deck  below.     A  new  deck  should  be  put  on,  as  the  old 
one  is  apparently  beyond  repair. 

(6)  The  machinery  is  in  very  good  condition.  This  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that 
the  vessel  is  now  able  to  make  about  15  knots,  where  a  few  years  ago  she  could  make 
only  about  eight.  The  ice  plant  worked  well  and  maintained  a  temperature  of  about 
25°  F.  in  the  cold  storage.  The  evaporating  plant  made  all  the  make-up  feed  required, 
running  only  a  few  hours  daily.  The  water  required  for  drinking  purposes  was  pro- 
cured ashore. 

22.  The  engine  rooms  and  firerooms  are  in  excellent  condition  as  regards  cleanliness 
and  upkeep. 

23.  Ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories  are  in  excellent  condition. 

24.  Ship's  boats  were  in  very  good  condition  except  the  motor  boat,  which  was  not 
in  commission  during  the  cruise  on  account  of  trouble  with  the  engine  and  clutch. 

25.  The  signal  outfit  was  in  very  good  condition. 

26.  The  electrical  apparatus  ia  in  good  condition.     Only  one  generator  is  supplied 
and  that  is  of  a  very  ancient  design.     It  is  considered  that  another  should  be  furnished 
as  a  standby  in  case  of  an  accident. 

27.  The  wireless  apparatus,  a  2-kilowatt  set,  has  just  been  installed  by  the  New 
York  yard  and  gave  no  trouble.     On  account  of  the  low  height  of  the  aerial,  due  to  the 
vessel  having  only  one  mast,  the  working  distance  is  not  great,  being  about  50  miles 
by  day  and  75  miles  by  night. 

28.  It  was  very  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the 
State  kept  the  vessel  in  excellent  condition  as  to  cleanliness  and  upkeep  and  preven- 
tion of  deterioration,  as  she  compared  favorably  in  this  respect  with  many  ships  in 
full  commission  in  the  regular  Navy. 

29.  (a)  It  was  impracticable  to  hold  as  many  drills  as  the  commanding  officer  would 
have  desired,  on  account  of  the  stormy  and  foggy  weather  encountered  during  the 
major  part  of  the  trip. 

(6)  However,  this  cruise  gave  deep-sea  experience  in  bad  weather,  which  the  great 
majority  of  the  crew  had  never  had  before,  and  gave  the  officers  practice  in  keeping 
position  in  a  fog,  dead  reckoning,  and  uses  of  lines  of  soundings. 

(c)  All  the  officers  were  exceptionally  well  grounded  in  both  theoretical  and  prac- 
tical navigation,  due  to  their  having  formed  a  class  on  the  subject  during  the  past 
winter  and  secured  the  services  of  a  recent  graduate  of  the  Naval  Academy  as  instructor. 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914.  53 

(d)  Special  mention  should  be  made  of  the  seamanlike  manner  in  which  Com- 
mander Brinckerhoff  handled  the  vessel  in  trying  situations,  of  the  excellent  navi- 
gating of  the  navigator,  Lieut.  A.  I.  Perry,  and  of  the  thoroughness  and  painstaking 
care  of  Paymaster  C.  P.  Crissey  as  commissary  officer,  which  resulted  in  the  rationing 
of  the  crew  being  excellent. 

(e)  The  enlisted  personnel  seemed  very  intelligent  and  of  a  good  class,  though  not 
as  amenable  to  discipline  as  might  be  desired.     However,  this  is  not  remarkable  when 
the  short  periods  they  are  under  strict  discipline  each  year  is  considered. 

(/)  It  is  earnestly  recommended  that  the  rank  and  titles  of  the  officers  and  the  ratings 
of  the  enlisted  men  be  made  to  coincide  exactly  with  those  of  the  regular  Navy.  For 
example,  the  titles  given  in  (5)  above  are  the  Naval  Militia  titles,  and  are  confusing. 
Also,  on  the  complement  sheet  report  is  made- of  43  seamen  and  ordinary  seamen.  It 
was  impossible  to  separate  them,  as  the  Naval  Militia  of  New  York  has  not  such  ratings, 
but  has  seamen  first  class  and  seamen  second  class,  the  latter  including  only  those  who 
have  never  made  a  cruise. 

It  is  considered  by  the  captain  and  all  officers  of  the  Gloucester,  as  well  as  by  the 
writer,  that  a  cruise  on  a  reserve  battleship,  such  as  was  made  in  1913,  results  in  much 
greater  benefits  to  all  hands  and  brings  them  into  closer  touch  with  the  discipline, 
routine,  and  methods  of  the  Navy  than  does  a  cruise  such  as  this  one  on  the  Gloucester. 

On  this  cruise  on  the  Gloucester  the  men  learned  nothing  that  they  could  not  learn 
on  the  week-end  cruises  of  that  vessel  and  the  three  other  cruises  she' is  to  make  under 
the  auspices  of  the  State  of  New  York.  For  that  reasin  it  is  recommended  that  one 
cruise  each  year  be  made  on  a  battleship  of  the  regular  Navy,  preferably  a  reserve 
battleship. 

30.  Target  practice  was  not  held,  as  the  commanding  officer  deemed  it  impossible 
to  carry  out  the  target  raft  material  on  the  deck  of  the  Gloucester  in  addition  to  the 
deck  load  of  coal.  Arrangements  were  then  made  to  hold  target  practice  in  Province- 
town,  using  the  target  raft  of  the  Adams,  but  owing  to  the  delay  in  the  program  on 
account  of  fog  and  the  necessity  for  the  Gloucester's  coaling  at  Portland,  it  was  found 
to  be  impossible  to  do  this  and  to  return  to  Brooklyn  by  July  22,  which  date  of  return 
was  imperative. 

The  commanding  officer  states  that  target  practice  will  be  held  on  one  of  the  late 
cruises  under  the  auspices  of  the  State. 

NEW  YORK— TJ.  S.  S.  GLOUCESTER. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  Z.  LANSDOWNE,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Itinerary. 

August  8.  At  4.50  p.  m.  left  New  York  for  Shelter  Island. 

August  9.  Arrived  Derring  Harbor,  Shelter  Island,  at  noon. 

August  10.  At  8  a.  m.  proceeded  to  Gardiners  Bay  for  subcaliber  practice.  At 
6.30  p.  m.  returned  and  anchored  at  Shelter  Island. 

August  11.  At  8  a.  m.  proceeded  to  Newport,  R.  I. 

August  12.  At  1.27  p.  m.  left  Newport  for  New  Bedford,  Mass. 

August  13.  At  7.30  a.  m.  left  New  Bedford  for  Vineyard  Haven.  At  6  p.  m.  left 
Vineyard  Haven  for  Fort  Pond  Bay. 

August  14.  Exercised  landing  party  Fort  Pond  Bay.  At  3.50  p.  m.  left  for  Block 
Island. 

August  15.  1.30  p.  m.  sailed  for  Shelter  Island. 

August  16.  At  2  a.  m.  left  Shelter  Island  for  New  York,  arriving  Armory  Dock  at 
2  p.  m. 

Total  number  of  miles  steamed,  631.3. 

2.  Coal  consumed: 

In  port,  42.5  tons;  at  sea,  67.5  tons. 

This  seemingly  large  percentage  of  coal  consumed  in  port  was  due  to  the  fact  that 
fog  on  several  occasions  delayed  getting  under  way  several  hours  after  steam  was  up. 

3.  Average  speed  under  way,  9.83  knots. 

4.  Complement. 

(a)  Nine  officers;  (6)  71  petty  officers  and  men  from  Naval  Militia  battalion,  and 
14  ship  keepers.  , 

1.  Seaman  branch:  1  chief  boatswain's  mate;  1  chief  master-at-arms;  1  chief  gunner  a 
mate;  1  chief  quartermaster;  1  chief  yeoman;  1  seaman  quartermaster;  4  boatswains 
mates,  first  class;  1  quartermaster,  first  class;  3  quartermasters,  second  class;  2  gun- 
ners' mates,  second  class;  1  coxswain;  1  master-at-arms;  1  musician;  2  cooks;  1  yeoman; 
1  wardroom  steward;  33  seamen. 


54  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

2.  Engineer's  force:  4  chief  machinists' mates;  1  water  tender;  1  machinist's  mate, 
first  class;  4  machinists'  mates,  second  class;  2  oilers;  6  firemen,  first  class;  G  firemen, 
second  class. 

3.  Artificers:  1  chief  electrician;  2  electricians,    first  class;  1   electrician,   second 
class. 

(c)  No  marines. 

REPORT   ON    CRUISE    OP    "GLOUCESTER." 

5.  Name  and  rank  of  officers: 
Lieut.  F.  R.  Lackey,  commanding. 

Lieut.  R.  H.  Nexsen,  executive  and  navigation  officer. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  L.  Ilolton,  watch  and  division. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  C.  E.  Finken,  watch  and  division. 

Ensign  J.  S.  Cameron,  ordnance  officer. 

Ensign  W.  O'Connell,  engineer  officer. 

Ensign  J.  Van  Auken,  watch  and  division  and  signal  officer. 

Lieut.  B.  J.  Murphy,  surgeon. 

6.  The  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  was  accomplished  in  a 
eeamanlike  manner. 

7.  A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced. 

8.  The  evolution  of  getting  under  way  was  accomplished  in  a  seamanlike  manner. 

9.  At  sea  the  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved . 

10.  The  lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  were  mustered  when  going  on  duty. 

11.  The  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  general  quarters  was  very  good,  and 
excellent  in  so  far  as  it  was  carried  out.     However,  as  no  voice  tubes  have  been  sup- 
plied to  the  ship  no  extensive  fire-control  system  is  employed ,  and  as  battle  practice 
is  not  attempted  there  is  not  adequate  arrangement  made  for  the  control  of  the  fire  of 
all  guns  at  once. 

12.  Fire  drill  was  performed  in  an  excellent  manner  expeditiously  and  without 
confusion. 

13.  Collision  drill  was  performed  in  a  seamanlike  manner  and  the  condition  of  the 
collision  mat  was  excellent. 

14.  The  abandon-ship  evolution  was  very  good. 

15  and  16.  The  extended  cruising  and  crowded  program  prevented  any  time  being 
given  to  special  boat  drills.  Only  the  routine  boat  work  attendant  upon  the  landing 
of  liberty  parties,  etc.,  was  carried  out,  and  upon  these  occasions  the  boats  were  han- 
dled in  a  seamanlike  manner. 

17.  The  man-overboard  drill  was  excellent. 

18.  The  lookouts  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  performed  their  duty  efficiently.     The 
quartermasters  detailed  for  this  cruise  were  slow  in  signaling,  but  improved  rapidly 
during  the  cruise. 

19.  The  bags  and  hammocks  and  uniforms  of  the  crew  were  in  excellent  condition. 

20.  The  bedding  was  in  excellent  condition. 

21.  The  general  condition  of  the  ship  is  excellent. 

(a)  Hull:  Very  good  except  the  deck,  which  is  not  properly  drained,  owing  to  poorly 
located  scuppers.  The  joint  is  not  tight  where  the  rail  meets  the  deck,  resulting  in 
rust  streaks  over  the  side.  In  two  or  three  places  rivets  are  leaking  through  the  main 
deck  and  the  deck  itself  is  in  need  of  renewal. 

(6)  Machinery:  Excellent. 

22.  Condition  of  engines  and  firerooms,  excellent. 

23.  Condition  of  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories,  excellent. 

24.  Condition  of  ship's  boats,  Very  good,  except  the  motor  dory,  which  gives  consid- 
erable trouble.     It  is  recommended  that  the  engine  be  replaced  by  the  Norfolk  engine, 
used  in  destroyer's  dories. 

25.  Condition  of  signal  outfit,  excellent. 

26.  The  condition  of  the  electrical  outfit  is  excellent.     There  is  only  one  2-kilowatt 
generator  on  board,  and  another  should  be  installed  in  order  that  the  entire  electrical 
outfit  be  not  dependent  on  but  one  machine. 

27.  The  wireless  apparatus  is  very  efficient,  so  far  as  the  receiving  set  is  concerned. 
The  transmitting  set,  I  think,  could  be  improved,  and  recommend  that  this  set  be 
overhauled  at  the  navy  yard. 

28.  It  is  evident  that  under  the  supervision  of  the  officers  of  the  battalion  that  the 
Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State  have  endeavored  to  keep  the 
ehip  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  55 

29.  Target  practice  was  not  held  during  this  trip,  but  the  subcaliber  practice  held 
in  Gardiners  Bay  proved  very  instructive  and  was  most  satisfactory. 

At  Fort  Pond  Bay  a  landing  force  was  sent  ashore  divided  into  two  sections,  one 
defensive  and  the  other  offensive.     The  problem  was  worked  out  beforehand  in 
:  the  wardroom,  and  great  interest  and  enthusiasm  was  evidenced  on  the  part  of  both 
Itoflicers  and  men  in  this  valuable  exercise. 

In  my  opinion  there  should  without  delay  be  installed  on  both  wings  of  the  bridge 
I  a  pclorus  with  illuminated  compass  dial.    At  present  there  is  a  pelorus  on  the  star- 
beard  side,  of  the  old-fashioned  type  with  no  lighting  arrangement,  and  this  pelorua 
:  can  not  be  used  on  the  port  quarter.     I  found  it  difficult  to  take  satisfactory  bearings 
quickly  and  almost  impossible  at  night.    A  ship  of  the  Gloucester  type,  which  must 
:  necessarily  do  a  great  deal  of  piloting,  should  for  the  purposes  of  safe  navigation  be 
I  provided  with  these  peloruses.    The  officers  themselves  would  be  greatly  benefited 
and  become  accustomed  to  taking  frequent  bearings. 

The  Gloucester  does  not  handle  readily  and  has  a  very  large  turning  circle.  The 
reason,  I  believe,  for  this  is  too  little  rudder  area.  As  this  vessel  operates  for  the 
most  part  in  crowded  waters  in  the  vicinity  of  New  York,  I  believe  it  most  important  to 
remedy  this  defect. 

I  was  greatly  impressed  at  the  high  state  of  efficiency  arrived  at  and  the  ease  and 
eeamanlike  manner  in  which  this  cruise  was  conducted  by  men  who  spend  their  lives 
on  shore.  Great  credit  is  due  Lieut.  Lackey,  who  with  the  able  assistance  of  his  offi- 
cers conducted  this  cruise  so  successfully.  The  intelligent  and  painstaking  interest 
and  great  amount  of  time  that  Commander  Brinkerhoff  has  contributed  to  the  bat- 
talion has  developed  a  splendid  organization  and  fostered  a  fine  spirit  and  keen  interest 
on  the  part  of  his  officers  and  men  without  which  the  organization  would  lose  its 
effectiveness. 

NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  HAWK. 

Lieut.  Commander  C.  H.  FISCHER,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  The  early  morning  of  June  30,  Lieut.  H.  B.  Lyon  and  two  men  of  the  Dunkirk 
division,  myself,  the  ship  keepers,  and  civil  employees  took  the  Hawk  from  Buffalo 
to  Dunkirk,  where  she  remained  until  July  2,  when  the  first  division  embarked  and 
left  for  the  cruise.     In  obedience  to  orders,  I  joined  the  Hawk  on  the  morning  of  July 
7  and  remained  with  her  the  greater  part  of  four  days,  leaving  the  ship  at  Toledo  on 
the  afternoon  of  the  llth,  just  prior  to  coaling. 

2.  As  there  is  but  one  officer  in  this  division,  Lieut.  C.  F.  Ulrich,  Lieut.  (Junior 
Grade)  F.  J.  Bailey,  Ensign  F.  J.  Matham,  third  division,  third  battalion;  Asst.  Pay- 
master A.  W.  Plumley,  staff;  Ensign  Roger  D.  De  Wolf,  seventh  division,  third  bat- 
talion (Rochester),  were  detailed  to  make  the  cruise.     In  addition  to  the  above  officers, 
a  chief  boatswain's  mate  and  a  chief  quartermaster  from  Rochester,  and  a  number  of 
men  (who  could  get  away)  of  the  engineer's  division,  Buffalo,  were  also  detailed  to 
make  the  cruise.    The  deficiency  in  the  complement  for  the  engineering  department 
was  made  up  by  men  of  the  deck  division  working  below. 

3.  The  ship  first  went  to  Detroit  over  the  Fourth  for  liberty  and  then  based  at  Put- 
in-Bay until  the  llth,  when  she  returned  to  Dunkirk  and  Buffalo. 

4.  While  based  at  Put-in-Bay  drills  were  held  forenoons  and  afternoons  and  signals 
at  evening,  the  ship  at  different  times  getting  under  way  for  various  exercises  and 
drills.    A  complete  list  of  all  drills  held  is  hereto  appended. 

5.  Put-in-Bay  is  an  ideal  place  for  Naval  Militia  work  for,  undoubtedly,  under  all 
conditions  of  weather  a  sufficient  lee  can  be  found  among  the   islands  to  permit 
boat  work  and  other  drills,  and  the  men  can  enjoy  an  evening's  liberty  ashore  at  very 
little  expense. 

The  itinerary  of  the  ship  was  as  follows: 

Left  Buffalo,  4.20  a.  m.,  June  30;  arrived  Dunkirk,  8.  a.  m.,  June  30. 

Left  Dunkirk,  9.15  p.  m.,  July  2;  arrived  Detroit,  4.10  p.  m.,  July  3. 

Left  Detroit,  11  a.  m.,  July  5;  arrived  Put-in-Bay,  4.30  p.  m.,  July  5.  Based  at 
Put-in-Bay. 

Left  Put-in-Bay,  5.35  a.  m.,  July  8,  for  drills  and  exercises;  returned  6.14  p.  m. 

Left  Put-in-Bay,  6.50  a.  m.,  July  9,  and  returned  at  3.40  p.  m.  Held  drills  and 
exercises. 

Left  Put-in-Bay,  7  a.  m.,  July  10;  arrived  Toledo,  12.05  p.  m.,  July  10,  for  coal. 

Left  Toledo,  7.55  a.  m.,  July  11;  arrived  Put-in-Bay,  noon,  July  11. 

Left  Put-in-Bay,  4  p.  m.,  July  11;  arrived  Dunkirk,  9.40  a.  m.,  July  12.  First 
division  disembarked. 

Left  Dunkirk,  1.26  p.  m.,  July  12;  arrived  Buffalo,  4.12  p.  m.,  July  12. 


56  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

Total  miles  steamed  (Buffalo  to  Buffalo),  730. 
Coal  consumed : 

In  port,  21.785  tons;  at  sea,  31.58  tons. 
Average  speed  underway,  11J  to  12  knots. 
Complement  on  the  cruise: 

(a)  Officers 

(6)  Crew: 

(1)  Seaman  branch 46 

(2)  Engineer  force 10 

(3)  Artificers 0 

(4)  Marines 0 

56 

(5)  Ship  keepers  (Navy) 7 

(6)  ( iyil  employees 2 

(7)  Chief  petty  officers,  battalion  staff 2 

Total 73 

The  following  is  the  list  of  officers  and  their  respective  duties: 

C.  F.  Ulrich,  lieutenant,  commanding. 

H.  B.  Lyon,  lieutenant,  executive  and  navigator. 

F.  J.  Bailey,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  first  division  officer. 

F.  J.  Matham,  ensign,  second  division  officer. 

R.  D.  DeWolf,  ensign,  senior  engineer. 

B.  Plumlpy,  assistant  paymaster,  commissary  and  first  lieutenant. 

No  individual  station  billets  were  handed  the  men,  but  as  they  went  on  board 
they  were  directed  to  the  watch  and  station  bill  contairdrg  their  names  and  duties. 
Some  of  the  men  made  pencil  copies  of  their  stations  and  duties;  some  always  referred 
to  the  "bill,  while  others  had  no  idea  of  their  duties  until  the  officers  were  directed  to 
personally  inform  them. 

At  first  the  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  performed  in  a  haphazard  way;  no 
call  sounded;  divisions  were  not  at  quarters  and  the  only  officers  taking  part  were 
the  officer  of  the  deck  and  the  command irg  officer.  As  soon  as  attention  was  drawn 
to  this  fact  getting  underway  and  coming  to  anchor  became  an  "all  hands"  evolution, 
the  different  steps  carried  on  in  regular  order,  a  seamanlike  way,  and  a  very  creditable 
manner. 

At  sea,  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  regularly  posted  and  relieved,  but 
frequently  the  men  were  not  posted  as  to  their  duties,  nor  were  the  duties  of  the 
post  always  turned  over  to  the  relief. 

Lifeboat  crews  were  regularly  mustered  and  quick  to  man  the  boat  when  called 
away. 

The  crew  had  received  practically  no  instructions  at  general  quarters  and  the 
officers  did  not  appear  to  be  sufficiently  well  versed  in  the  nomenclature,  operation, 
and  manning  the  piece  to  properly  instruct  the  crews. 

The  Hawk  carries  one  3-pcunder,  and  four  1-pound  ers.  It  is  only  necessary  for  the 
officers  to  learn  the  working  of  and  drill  at  two  pieces  in  order  to  be  capable  and 
efficient  in  instructing  the  men. 

Fire  drill  was  carried  on  very  satisfactorily,  but  the  hose  is  old,  worn  out  and  totally 
inadequate  for  the  purpose  intended.  There  are  no  hand  fire  extinguishers  on  board. 

Collision  drill  was  not  held,  there  being  no  mat  and  no  provision  made  for  such  an 
emergency. 

At  abandon  ship  the  men  at  first  were  slow  in  finding  their  boats,  even  though 
there  was  a  stated  place  to  equip  and  man  them. 

After  a  drill  was  held  at  which  all  hands  were  obliged  to  enter  their  boat  and  shove 
clear,  except  two  men  on  watch  in  the  engine  room  and  the  commanding  and  execu- 
tive officers,  the  following  drills,  at  abandon  ship,  were  performed  quietly,  quickly, 
and  in  good  time. 

The  Haivk  carries  a  cutter,  gig,  and  two  wherries.  On  this  trip,  there  were  no 
boat  boxes  on  board,  and  only  one  boat  compass. 

Boats  under  oars  constituted  the  principal  work  and  drill  of  the  ship.  Instruction 
at  this  was  conducted  almost  daily.  Several  boat  drills  were  held  at  maneuvers  by 
signal  from  the  ship,  and  on  different  occasions,  weather  being  favorable,  boat  crews 
with  two  officers  in  each  boat  (cutter  and  gig)  were  exercised  at  sailing. 

Improvement  in  boat  work  was  very  noticeable.  The  first  man-overboard  drill 
was  held  by  haying  a  good  swimmer  (a  chief  petty  officer),  jump  overboard  while  the 
ship  was  steaming  at  slow  speed.  At  sight  of  the  man  in  the  water  the  crew  became 
more  or  less  hysterical,  crowded  aft  and  paid  no  attention  to  orders  or  the  bugle  until 


NAVAL  MILITIA  CEUISES  1914.  57 

they  were  actually  driven  to  their  quarters.  The  boat,  however,  was  promptly 
manned,  but  considerable  time  was  lost  lowering  and  dealing  the  boat  from  the- 
ship.  It  required  six  minutes  to  reach  the  man.  The  total  time  from  the  call  to 
the  return  of  the  lifeboat  to  the  ship  was  9J  minutes.  The  following  days  lifeboat 
drill  was  conducted  in  a  more  orderly  manner  and  in  much  better  time  until  finally 
the  crew  could  pick  up  the  buoy  in  a  little  over  2  minutes.' 

There  was  no  opportunity  to  judge  the  signalmen,  except  when  drills  were  held 
at  boat  exercise,  and  the  men  exercised  with  the  ardois  at  night.  At  these  times 
they  did  very  well.  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  who  were  instructed  or  curious 
enough  to  ask  what  was  expected  of  them  were  alert  and  attentive  to  their  duties, 
others  appeared  to  be  on  watch  '•' because  it  was  required. "  Of  those  I  questioned, 
several  had  not  had  the  duties  turned  over  to  them  by  the  men  they  relieved. 

Bag  and  hammock  inspection  was  held  the  last  day  I  was  on  board.  Both  bags 
and  hammocks  were  laid  out  in  a  systematic  manner.  Clothing — with  the  exception 
of  trousers  changed  before  inspection — was  exceptionally  clean  and  well  cared  for. 
The  men  w6re  given  opportunity  to  scrub  and  wash  clothes  evenings  and  mornings. 
At  times  petty  officers  and  officers  were  directed  to  see  that  every  man  scrubbed  at 
least  one  piece  of  clothing. 

The  early  morning  cf  the  8th,  the  ship  steamed  to  a  near-by  island,  where  nearly  all 
hands,  in  all  boats,  officers  in  charge,  were  sent  ashore  to  scrub  boats  and  boat  gear, 
the  men  being  directed  to  carry  soap  and  towels  with  them.  I  was  informed  by  the 
officers  upon  their  return  that  every  man  was  glad  of  such  a  chance  to  take  a  good 
bath. 

The  outsides  of  most  hammocks  were  soiled  and  should  have  been  scrubbed.  Mat- 
tresses were  in  excellent  condition  and  mattress  covers  were  fairly  clean. 

General  condition  of  the  ship: 

Hull:  Metal  is  in  very  good  condition,  except  where  covered  by  wood,  it  is  badly 
flaked  by  corrosion  and,  in  the  fireroom,  the  frames  under  the  floor  plates,  are  badly 
corroded.  The  upper  flanges  of  the  frames  are  entirely  gone  in  places  and  the  vertical 
web  plates  in  spots  are  corroded  to  about  one-half  their  original  thickness. 

This  is  mostly  due  to  the  floor  plates  not  fitting  snugly,  permitting  ashes  to  fall 
through  into  the  bilge  and  remaining  until  the  end  of  a  run.  Doubtless,  ashes  are 
frequently  left  in  the  bilge  for  some  time,  before  being  removed.  At  inspection 
ashes  between  frames  immediately  under  the  front  of  the  boiler  was  found  to  within 
6  to  8  inches  of  the  upper  flanges.  The  bulwarks  in  many  places  are  weak  and  rotten. 
The  main  deck  in  patches  is  badly  worn,  checked,  and  has  started  to  rot.  The  deck,  in 
the  crews  quarters,  aft,  makes  the  space  unsanitary,  owing  to  wet  rot. 

Nearly  all  woodwork  should  be  taken  down,  metal  scraped  and  red-leaded,  and  new 
woodwork  replaced,  at  the  same  time  strengthening  the  bulwarks. 

The  main  engines  are  in  very  good  condition,  except  that  the  links  pound  badly  at 
elow  speeds. 

The  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  firerooms  are  very  good  except  as  noted 
above. 

Ship's  battery,  spares,  and  accessories  are  in  very  good  condition.  The  tips  of  the 
front  sights  of  the  two  after  1-pounders  are  broken  off  and  the  sliding' leaf,  starboard 
1-pounder,  is  frozen.  The  3-pounder  is  fitted  with  a  drum  deflection  scale,  which  can 
not  be  used  beyond  2,200  yards  range, as  the  pointer  runs  off  the  drum  at  the  higher 
ranges. 

Boats,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  missing  screw  eyes  to  which  shrouds  secure,  are 
in  excellent  condition.  There  are  no  spare  oars  and  there  was  no  boat  box  on  board 
ship. 

The  signal  outfit  is  in  very  good  condition,  except  the  ardois  which  is  grounded  and 
should  be  rewired. 

The  dynamo  is  in  very  good  condition,  but  the  condition  of  the  wiring  of  the  ship 
is  poor.  I  am  told  that  work  on  this  has  been  started  under  contract  and  the  work 
has  not  been  completed  as  yet. 

There  is  no  Navy  wireless  set  on  board.  The  instruments  now  on  board  were  con- 
tracted for  for  the  Perry  centennial  celebration  and  are  to  be  removed. 

Ship  keepers  and  State-employed  men  have  been  quite  successful  in  preventing 
undue  deterioration,  except  possibly  in  the  fireroom,  where  they  have  been  lax  in 
keeping  the  bilge  clear  of  ashes. 

Remarks:  This  was  the  second  cruise  for  this  division,  the  former  one  being  made  on 
the  Alabama  last  year,  when,  unfortunately,  this  battalion  was  split  and  obliged  to 
cruise  with  the  first  and  second  battalions. 

Considering  the  short  time  the  division  has  been  organized  and  the  very  limited 
opportunity  for  real  ship  life,  their  work  during  the  cruise,  cleanliness  of  person  and 
clothing,  attention  to  instructions  and  drills,  their  desire  to  learn,  and  the  daily 


W) 

a 


58  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

improvement  along  all  lines  was  very  noticeable  and  commendable.  Their  behavior 
and  appearance  ashore  was  most  exemplary;  the  citizens  of  Put-in-Bay  commenting 
on  their  neat  appearance  and  excellent  behavior. 

All  men  of  a  division  making  a  cruise  should  be  furnished  with  three  suits  of  white, 
and  if  enough  undershirts  are  not  issued  to  complete  three  suits  of  underwear,  the  men 
should  be  directed  to  take  with  them  a  nonregulation  undershirt  of  similar  pattern 
to  be  worn  only  while  others  were  being  cleaned. 

The  divisions  should  provide  small  ditty-bags  for  the  men  in  which  to  keep  toilet 
articles  and  trinkets;  sufficient  division  scrubbing  brushes  (say  one  to  every  two  men) 
should  be  taken  on  the  cruise  to  supply  their  requirements  for  scrubbing  clothing, 
bags,  and  hammocks. 

The  ship,  before  starting  on  a  cruise,  should  be  equipped  in  the  following  respects: 

(a)  Boat  compass  for  every  boat. 

(6)  Completely  rigged  set  of  sails  for  every  boat,  including  both  wherries — to  permit 
email  pleasure  sailing  parties. 

(c)  At  least  one  fully  equipped  boat  box. 

(d)  Spare  oars  for  every  boat. 

)  Boat  signal  books,  for  every  boat,  and  one  for  ship's  use. 
r)  Two  lead  lines. 

)  A  seamanship  jackstay  for  instruction  in  knots,  splicing,  and  seizings, 
"o  obtain  the  maximum  benefit  of  a  cruise,  it  is  most  essential  that  an  officer  should 
be  present  in  a  supervisory  and  advisory  capacity  with  the  division,  at  least  the  day 
before  starting,  and  then  remain  with  them  throughout  the  cruise,  to  see  that  a  suitable 
watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  is  prepared,  fully  covering  all  drills  to  be  held,  and 
that  individual  billets  are  provided  for  all  hands;  to  instruct  the  officers  as  to  their 
duties  in  their  respective  billets;  explain  all  drills  to  be  held  and  what  it  is  desired 
to  accomplish  by  such  drills,  their  stations  and  duties  at  "all  hands"  evolutions;  writing 
up  and  keeping  the  log;  preparation  and  execution  of  morning  orders;  chart  reading, 
cross  bearings,  and  azimuths;  explaining  the  regulations,  honors,  and  ship  etiquette; 
and  for  various  other  occasions  in  which  they  may  be  ignorant  of  the  customs  of  the 
service. 

A  list  of  drills  and  exercises  and  a  schedule  of  work  for  the  officers  should  be  prepared 
by  the  department  and  this  closely  adhered  to  by  all  Naval  Militia  organizations  in 
order  to  standardize  their  work.  The  reports  of  inspecting  officers  should  be  on  these 
subjects  in  order  to  draw  a  comparison  of  the  efficiency  of  the  various  organizations 
and  the  advancement  made  by  the  individual  divisions. 

No  target  practice  was  held  during  this  cruise  of  the  Hawk. 

DRILLS    AND    EXERCISES    HELD. 

July  3,  a.  m.,  stations  and  instructions  at  fire  drill  and  abandon-ship  drill;  p.  m., 
fire  drill  and  abandon-ship  drill. 

July  4,  no  drills. 

July  5,  1.20  p.  m.,  man-overboard  drill;  swinging  ship  1  hour. 

July  6,  a.  m.,  quarters,  fire  drill,  abandon-ship  drill,  boats  under  oars,  and  instruc- 
tions in  seamanship;  p.  m.,  instructions  with  boats  under  oars,  and  in  signals. 

July  7,  a.  m.,  fire  drill,  abandon-ship  drill,  and  instruction  with  boats  under  oars; 
p.  m.,  drill  with  boats  under  oars  directed  by  signals  from  the  ship,  instructions  in  sea- 
manship, heaving  the  lead,  and  boat  work.  Cutter  under  sail. 

July  8,  ship  steamed  to  North  Bass  Island;  small  boats  landed  on  beach  and  scrubbed; 
swung  ship  for  deviations,  anchored  off  North  Bass  Island,  drilled  with  boats  under 
sails  and  then  under  oars,  as  directed  by  signals  from  ship,  fire  quarters  and  abandon- 
ship  drill;  p.  m.,  underway  and  engines  standardized  for  45,  60,  75,  90,  and  100  revo- 
lutions; instructions  in  seamanship,  heaving  lead,  and  signals;  man-overboard  drill 
{with  member  of  crew  going  overboard),  and  general  quarters.  Anchored  at  Put-in- 
Bay. 

July  9,  a.  m.,  underway  at  6.30  and  proceeded  to  west  shore  of  Middle  Bass  Island; 
swung  ship  to  check  deviations;  anchored;  exercised  boats  under  sails  and  oars; 
instructions  in  seamanship,  heaving  lead,  signals,  and  with  different  gear  and  parts  of 
ship;  p.  m.,  sounded  general  quarters,  subcaliber  exercise  at  two  targets,  man-over- 
board drill,  anchored  at  Put-in-Bay,  signal  exercise. 

July  10,  a.  m.,  underway  at  7  en  route  to  Toledo,  Ohio.  Battery  drill,  instruction 
in  seamanship,  bag  and  hammock  inspection.  Instruction  in  marking,  folding,  and 
laying  out  clothing  for  inspection.  Coaled  ship  at  Toledo  from  2.30  p.  m.  to  7.30  p.  m. 

July  11,  a.  m.,  field  day;  p.  m.,  scrubbed  ship's  side,  fire  quarters,  abandon-ship, 
and  battery  inspection. 

July  12,  a.  m.,  man-overboard  drill.  Picked  up  buoy  in  2  minutes  and  5  seconds; 
boat  ready  for  hoisting  in  5  minutes  30  seconds. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  59 

NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  HAWK. 

Lieut.  Commander  C.  H.  FISCHER,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  In  obedience  to  telegraphic  orders  to  spend  four  days  with  the  fourth  division. 
Naval  Militia,  of  New  York,  during  the  cruise  of  the  Hawk  July  17  to  July  26, 1  joined 
the  Hawk  at  Buffalo  the  afternoon  of  the  17th,  immediately  prior  to  the  reporting  on 
board  of  the  Watertown  division  and  remained  with  the  ship  until  the  afternoon  of 
July  21,  when  I  left  the  Hawk  at  Put-in-Bay,  Ohio. 

2.  The  division,  4  officers  and  61  men,  went  on  board  in  an  orderly  manner,  with 
bags,  hammocks,   stores,  and  provisions.     Bags  and  hammocks  were  stowed;  pro- 
visions stored,  and  the  men  sent  to  quarters  for  general  instructions  as  to  the  cruise 
and  to  correct  several  of  the  station  billets.     After  quarters  supper  was  served  and 
liberty  given  in  Buffalo  until  7  a.  m.  Saturday  morning. 

3.  In  addition  to  the  fourth  division  officers  and  men,  there  were  on  board  for  the 
cruise,  Lieut.  C.  F.  Ulrich,  third  division;  Ensign  E.  G.  Zimmer,  fourth  division; 
Ensign  H.  L.  Howe,  seventh  division;  and  Ensign  H.  S.  Reynolds,  Rochester,  who 
reported  on  board  the  22d;  and  a  number  of  men  of  the  fifth  and  other  divisions,  as 
shown  by  the  complement  for  the  cruise. 

4.  At  8  a.  m.,  Saturday,  July  18,  the  Hawk  got  underway  for  Erie,  holding  drills 
en  route  and  instructing  the  men  as  to  their  various  stations  and  duties. 

5.  Saturday  evening  and  Sunday,  liberty  was  given  at  Erie,  and  at  7  p.  m.  the  19th, 
the  ship  left  Erie  for  a  night's  run  to  Put-in-Bay,  where  the  ship  based  for  drills  and 
exercises. 

6.  The  itinerary  of  the  ship  was  as  follows: 

Left:  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  8.05  a.  m.,  July  18;  Erie,  Pa.,  6.55  p.  m.,  July  19;  under  way 
for  maneuvers,  July  20,  3  hours  and  20  minutes;  underway  for  maneuvers,  July  21, 
3  hours  and  50  minutes;  Put-in-Bay,  Ohio,  6.05  a.  m.,  July  22;  Detroit,  Mich.,  6.05 
a.  m.,  July  23:  Put-in-Bay,  5.30  a.  m.,  July  24;  Erie,  Pa.,  noon,  July  25;  Dunkirk, 
N.  Y.,  6.05  a.  m.,  July  26. 

Arrived:  Erie,  Pa.,  4.55  p.  m.,  18;  Put-in-Bay,  Ohio,  7.55  a.  m.,  20;  Detroit,  Mich., 
11.00  a.  m.,  22;  Put-in-Bay,  11.01  a.  m.,  23;  Erie,  Pa.,  7.15  p.  m.,  24;  Dunkirk,  N.  Y., 
3.50  p.  m.,  July  25;  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  9.35  a.  m.,  July  26. 

Total  miles  steamed  (Buffalo  to  Buffalo),  633. 

Coal  consumed  in  port,  20^  tons;  coal  consumed  at  sea,  22£  tons. 

Average  speed,  11^  to  12  miles. 
Complement  on  the  cruise: 

Officers 8 

Crew — • 

(1)  Seaman  branch,  fourth  division 60 

2)  Engineer  branch,  fourth  division 1 

3)  Seaman  branch,  third  division 1 

4)  Engineer  branch,  fifth  division 9 

L  /  X 

(5)  Shipkeepers — 

Seaman  branch 4 

Engineer  branch 3 

(6)  Civil  employees  (servants  and  cooks) 4 

Total 90 

7.  The  officers  on  board  and  their  respective  duties  were  as  follows: 

C.  F.  Ulrich,  lieutenant,  commanding  and  navigator;  H.  J.  Angley,  lieutenant 
(junior  grade),  executive  officer;  E.  H.  Zimmer,  ensign,  watch  and  division;  H.  L 
Howe,  ensign,  senior  engineer  officer;  E.  J.  Johnstone,  ensign,  watch  and  division; 
L.  H.  Dangel,  ensign,  watch  and  division;  A.  S.  Reynolds,  ensign,  watch  and  division; 
H.  J.  Farmer,  surgeon,  medical  department. 

8.  Some  days  before  the  division  reported  on  board  the  watch,  quarter,  and  station 
bill  (blue  print)  was  forwarded  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  division,  and  from  this 
printed  billets  were  made  out  and  handed  the  men  and  the  men  instructed  as  to  their 
duties,  etc.     As  no  information  had  been  forwarded  as  to  the  number  of  other  men 
who  were  to  make  the  cruise  and  the  billets  they  would  occupy,  and  as  it  was  found 
upon  going  aboard  that  the  station  bill  blue  print  was  not  correct  in  all  details,  it  was 
necessary  to  modify  and  change  a  few  of  the  billets  previously  handed  the  men  which 
to  these  men,  more  or  less,  confused  matters. 

9.  The  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  from  the  first  conducted  as  an  "all-hands" 
drill,  and  the  men  took  hold  in  a  seamanlike  way.    All  necessary  calls  and  orders 


60  NAVAL  MILITIA  CRUISES  1914. 

sounded  and  passed  were  carried  out  in  a  way  to  show  that  it  had  been  given  some 
thought  by  the  officers  and  petty  officers. 

10.  The  officers,  when  handling  the  ship  alone,  lacked  self-assurance  and  the  famil- 
iarity of  giving  orders  aboard,  but  in  time,  and  as  their  attention  was  invited  to  errors, 
great  improvement  was  noticeable. 

11.  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  regularly  posted  and  relieved,  and  were 
instructed  as  to  their  duties  by  the  petty  officers  and  the  ship  keepers. 

12.  Lifeboat  crews  were  always  mustered,  and  at  muster  instructed  as  to  their 
duties. 

13.  Before  going  to  general  quarters,  Lieut.  Ulrich,  retired  chief  gunner,  United 
States  Navy,  instructed  all  the  officers  in  the  nomenclature,  operating,  and  handling, 
as  well  as  manning  the  3  and  1  pounders,  and  then  the  officers  in  turn  instructed  the 
crews  before  the  call  was  sounded.     'When  general  quarters  was  sounded  the  guns 
were  manned  and  provided  quickly  and  the  drill  (firing  subcaliber)  was  carried  on 
in  such  a  way  that  showed  careful  attention  had  been  given  to  the  instruction. 

14.  At  the  first  fire  drill  all  duties  were  not  correctly  understood,  but  as  time  was 
taken  to  instruct  the  individual  the  following  drills  were  very  satisfactory. 

15.  There  was  no  collision  drill  and  no  provision  had  been  made  for  such  an 
emergency. 

16.  The  first  abandon-ship  drill  was  held  immediately  after  fire  drill,  the  fire  alarm 
having  been  sounded  while  at  general  quarters.     As  these  drills  followed  without 
securing  from  the  preceding,  there  was  considerable  confusion  in  getting  into  the  boats. 
Many  of  the  men  got  into  the  wrong  boats  and  all  the  boats  but  one  shoved  off  without 
taking  their  assigned  men.     Consequently,  when  the  last  boat  left  the  ship,  10  men 
were  left  on  board.     Boats  were  then  called  alongside  where  they  equipped  and  the 
men  were  sent  to  their  proper  places.     The  following  drills,  I  am  informed,  were 
much  more  satisfactory. 

17.  Boat  drill,  as  on  the  previous  cruise,  constituted  the  principle  work.     When- 
ever possible,  all  boats  were  sent  out  for  exercise  under  oars  and  me  remaining  men 
on  board  instructed  at  heaving  the  lead,  seamanship,  and  gear  about  the  ship. 

18.  Several  boat  drills,  maneuvering  by  signal  from  the  ship,  were  held.     Boats 
under  sails  were  not  exercised  while  I  was  on  board.     Generally,  at  boat  work,  most 
of  the  men  were  "green,"  but  as  time  passed  they  seemed  to  " catch  on  "  and  improve- 
ment was  noticeable. 

19.  Man-overboard  drills  were  carried  on  in  good  order  and  in  comparatively  good 
time.     The  officers  of  the  deck  not  being  familiar  with  the  peculiarities  of  the  ship 
were  slow  in  handling  her  to  the  best  advantage;  lacked  ability  in  giving  orders  and 
instead  endeavored  to  do  everything  themselves. 

20.  There  were  only  a  few  occasions  whereby  the  signalmen  could  be  judged.     One, 
an  ex-Navy  man,  was  very  efficient.     Several  were  familiar  with  the  semaphore, 
while  most  of  them  were  beginners,  though  zealous  and  willing  to  learn. 

21.  Bag  inspection  was  held  at  Sunday  morning  inspection.     Bags  were  laid  out  in 
good  order,  well  provided,  and  clothes  properly  marked  and  clean. 

22.  Bedding  was  inspected  on  the  billets.     It  was  new  and  clean  but  not  properly 
marked. 

23.  General  condition  of  the  ship: 

Having,  on  the  previous  cruise,  personally  inspected  the  ship,  and  reported  thereon, 
I  assigned  three  different  groups  of  officers  to  inspect  (a)  everything  forward  of  the 
engineering  department;  (6)  everything  within  the  engineering  department;  (c) 
everything  abaft  the  engineering  department  and  not  included  in  the  foregoing. 
Their  verbatum  reports  are  appended. 

24.  Condition  of  the  battery  is  very  good. 

25.  Boats  are  in  excellent  "condition.     Deficiencies  previously  reported  have  been 
provided  for  except  a  boat  box  and  sails  for  wherries. 

25.  Ardois  and  semaphore  are  grounded.    They  should  be  rewired. 

26.  There  is  no  Navy  wireless  set  on  board. 

27.  Ship  keepers  since  last  cruise  have  been  kept  busy  getting  ship  in  shape.     They 
have  done  remarkably  well  in  this  respect. 

Remarks:  This  division  has  been  mustered  in  only  a  little  over  a  year  and  taking 
into  consideration  that  the  officers  and  men  have  had  no  practical  experience  aboard 
as  a  division,  their  zeal,  work,  and  results  accomplished  during  the  short  time  I  was  on 
their  cruise  is  deserving  of  considerable  praise.  With  proper  instruction  and  direc- 
tion I  believe  the  division  aboard  ship  would  become  proficient  in  a  remarkably  short 
time.  The  men  are  attentive,  zealous,  and  anxious  to  learn,  but  unfortunately  their 
officers  have  not  had  any  practical  experience  on  board  ship;  consequently  all  in- 
struction is  given  "according  to  the  book." 

In  this  respect  I  again  invite  the  department's  attention  to  the  necessity  of  having 
an  officer  present  before  and  during  the  cruise  in  order  to  properly  advise,  direct,  and 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  61 

instruct  a  division  making  a  cruise,  so  that  the  maximum  benefit  and  results  may  be 
obtained  both  by  the  officers  and  men  who  give  up  tLeir  vacation  to  make  the  cruise, 
and  by  the  department  in  having  an  efficient  division. 

The  necessity  of  having  some  set  list  of  drills  and  work  for  these  division  cruises  is 
becoming  more  evident  every  day.  If  it  were  not  for  the  fact  that  Lieut.  Ulrich  has 
made  both  cruises  in  the  capacity  of  commanding  officer  and  endeavored  to  carry  on 
the  work  of  the  second  cruise  as  was  done  on  the  first,  there  would  have  been  no 
assimilating  the  work,  and  each  cruise  probably  would  have  proved  a  junketing  trip 
throiii  h  lack  of  some  one  coordinating  the  work  which  should  be  identical  for  all 
divisions  of  a  battalion  making  cruises  under  the  local  conditions. 

List  of  drills  are  herewith  appended. 

3.  The  following  is  the  program  of  instruction,  drill,  etc.: 
July  17,  p.  m.,  overnight  liberty  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

July  18,  a.  m..  fire  quarters,  men  instructed  in  stations  for  abandon-ship  drill;  All 
officers  instructed  at  the  drill  and  handling  of  the  3  and  1  pounder;  p.  m.,  general 
quartern  and  battery  drill  (loading  and  firing  subcaliber);  overnight  liberty  at  Erie, 
Pa.;  running  boats  manned  by  Naval  Militia. 

July  19,  a.  m.,  inspection  of  ship.     Muster  and  inspection  of  clothing/ 

July  20,  a.  m.,  quarters,  drill  with  boats  under  oars  and  instruction  in  seamanship; 
p.  m.j  man-overboard  drill,  drill  with  boats  under  oars,  and  instruction  in  seamanship 
and  gear  about  ship. 

July  21,  a.  m.,  quarters,  drill  with  boats  under  oars  and  instruction  in  seamanship; 
general  quarters  and  subcaliber  practice;  fire  drill  and  abandon  ship;  p.  m.,  instruc- 
tion in  seamanship. 

July  22,  a.  m.,  instruction  in  seamanship;  overnight  liberty  at  Detroit,  "Mich. 

July  23,  p.  m.,  instruction  in  small  boats  under  oars  and  sails,  and  in  signals  and 
seamanship. 

July  24,  a.  m.,  abandon-ship  drill;  fire  drill;  p.  m.,  man-overboard  drill;  instruction 
in  ship's  routine  and  seamanship;  liberty  at  Erie,  Pa. 
I   July  25,  field  day;  liberty  at  Dunkirk,  N.  Y. 
;    July  26,  a.  m.,  man-overboard  drill. 

4.  Lieut.  Commander  C.  H.  Fischer,  United  States  Navy,  reported  on  board  the 
17th  and  remained  until  the  21st,  supervising  the  training  of  both  officers  and  men. 

5.  Ensign  A.  S.  Reynolds,  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  reported  on  board  the  22d. 

6.  While  at  Put-in-Bay,  Ohio,  midnight  liberty  was  given.     As  in  previous  report 
Put-in-Bay  is  recommended  as  a  successful  base  for  training  work. 

7.  This  being  the  first  independent  cruise  of  the  fourth  division  both  officers  and 
men  showed  great  willingness  to  benefit  from  the  training  of  this  cruise.     The  officers 
showed  ability  in  carrying  out  the  orders  and  in  handling  their  men.     The  cruise  was 
accomplished' with  a  spirit  of  willingness.     Ensign  E.  G.  Zimmer  was  of  great  assistance 
in  the  work  of  instruction  and  ordering  of  drills.     His  previous  experience  in  this  work 
was  a  valuable  asset. 

I  Pursuant  to  orders,  the  U.  S.  S.  Hawk  from  engine-room  bulkhead  was  inspected, 
and  have  the  honor  to  report  that  the  fore  and  aft  deck  plates  supporting  wooden 
decking  from  engine-room  bulkhead  forward  are  corroded,  disintegrated,  and  bulge 
in  some  places.  Bilges  in  fair  condition,  but  damp.  Small  amount  of  water  forward 
of  frame  No.  3  caused  by  anchor  chains  when  heaving  up.  Paint  locker  in  good 
condition,  but  would  recommend  that  waste  and  toilet  paper  be  not  stored  in  paint 
locker.  Red  lead  throughout  good.  Damp  and  musty  smell  under  chief  petty  officer's 
room.  Paint  and  red  lead  in  chain  locker  good,  but  piping  very  bad.  Hole  in  steam 
feed  pipe  to  winch  passing  through  chain  locker  is  plugged  with  wooden  plug.  This 
condition  is  dangerous  to  chain  tierers.  In  heaving  up,  chain  is  apt  to  knock  out  plug 
causing  escape  of  steam.  Steam  feed  pipe  passing  through  chief  petty  officer's,  room 
in  very  bad  condition  and  should  be  replaced.  - 

Plating  very  damp  and  wet.  Air  good.  Bilges  below  magazine  room  have  about  2 
feet  of  water/  We  understand  there  is  no  drainage  system  whereby  the  water  can  be 
removed  except  by  means  of  portable  hand  pumps.  Magazine  in  very  good  condition. 
Riveting  throughout  very  good. 

1.  Many  wires  of  electrical  equipment  have  defective  insulation. 

2.  Semaphore  connections  poor;  both  pigtail  W.  P.  plugs  broken. 

3.  New  glasses  needed  in  annunciator  on  bridge. 

4.  Peloros  tightening  screw  broken. 

5.  Sproket  chain  and  gear  of  cut-off  valve  mechanism  exposed;  dangerous. 

7.  Hou^e  in  bad  condition;  connections  need  tightening;  no  washers. 

8.  Glass  in  engine-room  clock  broken. 

9.  Both  whistles  on  engine-room  signal  tubes  on  bridge  gone. 

10.  Bolts  gone  on  sheet-metal  casing  over  asbestos  insulation  rear  of  boilers,  allowing 
edges  to  project;  dangerous. 


62 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 


11.  Knock  in  check  and  stop  valve  in  main  boiler  feed  line  from  direct  connection 
boiler  feed  pump. 

12.  Floor  plates  on  boiler-room  floor  warped  and  worn,  allowing  ashes  to  drop  in 
bilge.     Very  few  ashes  were  found  in  bilge,  having  lately  been  cleaned  out. 

13.  Insulation  on  auxiliary  boiler  in  bad  condition,  gone  in  front,  due  to  handle  of 
splice  bar  hitting  same  when  cleaning  fires. 

14.  Plug  cock  in  fireroom,  used  to  wet  down  ashes,  leaking;  badly  worn. 

15.  Framing  under  engine  room  and  boiler  badly  corroded. 

16.  The  small  simplex  steam  pump  used  in  pumping  water  from  fresh-water  tank 
forward  through  siphon  suction  line  to  pressure  tank  is  often  hard  to  start,  as  there  ia 
no  satisfactory  means  to  start  it. 

17.  The  small  steam  piping  in  crew's  wash  room  uncovered,  and  has  caused  severe 
burns  to  members  of  the  crew. 

18.  There  is  no  drain  pipe  to  bilge  unct°r  forward  magazine.    This  compartment 
can  not  be  drained  or  pumped  from  engine  room. 

19.  The  floor  planking  in  shaft  alley  in  dangerous  condition. 

Wireless  room:  Outfit  not  complete  and  not  in  use.     Room  used  as  storeroom. 

Yoeman's  room:  Needs  painting  and  varnishing.  Top  drawer  to  cupboard  broken. 
Window  screen  rusted  out,  new  screen  needed.  The  sections  of  door  need  repairing. 

Men's  head:  Outlet  pipe  inpufficient  to  properly  drain  bowl.  No  hook  or  staple 
to  fasten  door  back.  Seats  and  bowls  need  complete  overhauling.  Bowl  and  intake 
pipe  fittings  leak,  caueing  entire  head  to  be  in  an  insanitary  condition.  Window  ia 
cracked  and  needs  painting. 

Galley:  Needs  overhauling  and  repainting.  Stoves  in  fairly  good  condition  bi 
ovens  bake  slowly.  Sink  is  too  small  and  not  properly  fitted  to  serving  table  abov( 
leaving  space  through  which  water  leaks  to  floor  below  sink,  making  galley  insai 
itary.  Glass  in  skylight  broken  and  badly  smoked.  Smoke  pipe  from  stove  on  st 
board  side  is  too  small,  not  being  properly  fitted  to  stove,  leaving  considerable  opei 
ing  at  connection  to  stove  in  dangerous  condition. 

Crew's  quarters  amidships:  Deck  is  rotten  and  should  be  entirely  replaced.     I< 
box  leaks  from  above  into  these  quarters. 

Engineer's  quarters:  Deck  is  rotten  and  should  be  replaced.     Water  comes  throi 
rudder  tube.     Stuffing  box  should  be  placed  on  top. 

Lazarette:  Water  comes  through  tube  and  deck  is  rotten.     Covering  over  ham 
steering  gear  is  broken;  needs  overhauling. 

Awning  stanchions  need  overhauling. 

Dingies:  Need  overhauling  and  painting. 

Semaphore:  Out  of  commission;  defective  wiring  and  broken  connections. 

Summary:  On  account  of  the  wet  rot  of  the  decks  in  the  after  crew's  space 
conditions  are  very  insanitary. 

NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  HAWK. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  J.  E.  ISEMAN,  jr.,  United  States  Navy. 
1-2.  The  following  itinerary  was  followed: 


Date. 

Left-- 

Time. 

Arrived- 

Time. 

Dis- 
tance. 

Aug     8 

Buffalo  N  Y 

2  30  p  m 

Miles. 

Aug.    9 

Detroit,  Mich  

2.50  p.  m  

m 

Aug.  10 

Detroit,  Mich      

4  4.5  a.  m  

Aug    11 

Rendezvous     

9  15  a  m  

276 

Maneuvers  

do 

1.12  p.  m  
5pm 

do  

3.30  p.  m  

25 

Aug.  12 

Bois  Blanc  Bav  

12  45  a  m  

50 

Aug.  13 

Bois  Blanc  Bav  
Chebovgan,  Mich  

11.37  a.  m  
5  05  a.  m  

Cheboygan,  Mich  
He  Aux  Galets  

1.40  p.  m  
11.55  a.  m  

23 
60 

lie  Aux  Galets 

1pm 

Harbor  Springs,  Mich.  

7  20  p.  m  

75 

Aug.  14 
Aug.  16 

Maneuvers  
do  

Harbor  Springs  .  . 

8.30  a.  m  
1.35  p.  m  
3  lop  m 

do  
do  

Mackinac  Island,  Mich  

12.15  p.  m  
4.07  p.  m  
8.45  p.  m  

30 

£ 

Aug.  17 

Mackinac  Island 

Bam 

Chebovgan  Mich     

7.35  a.  m  

Cheboygan,  Mich 

11  10  a  m 

..** 

Aug.  18 

Detroit  Mich 

11  20  a  m 

298 

Detroit,  Mich  

2.06  p  m 

Aug.  19 

Buffalo  N  Y    

1  25  p.  m  

in 

Total  mileage  

~TH 

NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  63 

Total  miles  steamed  (Buffalo  to  Buffalo),  1,460. 
Coal  consumed  in  port,  16.58  tons;  coal  consumed  at  sea,  60.65  tons. 
Average  speed  underway  (cruising),  12  miles;  average  speed  underway  (maneuvers, 
8  miles. 

3.  The  complement  of  cruise: 
(a)  Officers,  5;  (6)  crew,  72. 

Third  division,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York,  seaman  branch,  39  (in- 
cludes one  man,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York). 

Fifth  division,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York — Engineers,  20;  artifi- 
cers, 3. 

United  States  Navy — Marines,  0;  ship  keepers,  7;  civil  employees,  3. 

4.  The  following  is  a  list  of  officers  and  their  respective  duties: 

Thomas  W.  Harris,  navigating  lieutenant,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York, 
commanding. 

Charles  F.  Ulrich,  lieutenant,  third  division,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New 
York,  executive  and  ordnance  officer. 

Harry  B.  Lyon,  lieutenant,  first  division,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York, 
navigating  and  medical  officer. 

Albert  W.  Plumley,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  assistant  paymaster,  third  battalion, 
Naval  Militia,  New  York,  paymaster  and  commissary  officer. 

Frank  J.  Bailey,  lieutenant  (junior  grade),  third  division,  third  battalion,  Naval 
Militia,  New  York,  watch  and  division  officer. 

J.  V.  Thomas,  chief  machinist's  mate,  third  battalion,  Naval  Militia,  New  York, 
acting  engineer  officer. 

5.  The  stationing  of  the  crew  was  accomplished  quickly  and  without  ^ confusion. 
Station  billets  were  handed  to  the  men,  who  appeared  to  have  had  previous  instruction 
in  their  duties,  enabling  them  in  most  instances  to  enter  at  once  in  the  discharge  of 
their  work. 

6.  A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  executed  previous  to  the  embarkation 
of  the  crew  and  was  posted  in  a  conspicuous  and  accessible  location. 

7.  Getting  underway  was  accomplished  as  an  "all  hands"  evolution  in  a  very 
creditable  manner,  except  that  a  slight  doubt  existed  as  to  the  exact  scope  of  the 
duties  of  each  officer  during  the  evolution.    This  was  afterward  explained  and  the 
evolution  performed   creditably  and  without  confusion.     At  sea  lookouts  and  life- 
buoy watches  were  regularly  posted  and   relieved.     They  were  apparently  familiar 
with  their  duties,  though  upon  relieving  they  apparently  did  not  pass  the  orders  of 
the  post  to  the  relief. 

8.  General  quarters,  as  a  complete  drill,  was  not  executed.     Guns'^  crews  were  sta- 
tioned and  drilled  at  the  guns  both  with  "all  hands"  aboard  and  landing  force  ashore. 
Three-pounder  crew  was  exercised  with  dotter.     There  was  lacking,  however,  a  cen- 
tralized control.     No  attempt  was  made  either  for  the  supply  of  ammunition  to  the 
battery  or  for  the  control  or  direction  of  the  fire.     The  officers  are  familiar  with  the 
working  of  the  pieces  and  with  the  drill,  but  a  proper  control  of  fire  and  ammunition 
supply  is  lacking.     Subcaliber  practice  was  carried  out  with  all  guns,  but  officers  were 
not  exercised  at  spotting  nor  were  sights  properly  set  during  drill. 

9.  Fire  drill  was  excellent;  crew  well  stationed  and  efficient.    Three  streams  of 
water  were  turned  on,  the  first  in  15  seconds  after  fire  call  was  sounded. 

10.  Collision  drill  was  not  held,  there  being  no  provision  for  such  an  emergency. 

11.  Abandon  ship:  The  exercise  was  not  completely  carried  out.    The  bill  is  com- 
plete, but  men  were  not  actually  embarked  in  boats,  so  no  opportunity  to  judge  free 
board  was  available.     The  boat  anchors  were  not  aboard. 

12.  Boats  under  oars  were  well  handled  by  signal  from  the  ship,  each  in  charge  of 
its  respective  boat  officer.     Boats  were  not  exercised  under  sail.     But  one  drill  waa 
held  in  boats,  no  other  time  being  available. 

13.  At  the  first  man-overboard  drill  it  was  discovered  that  no  sea  painter  had  been 
rigged  and  that  the  crew  were  not  familiar  with  its  purpose  and  use.     Life  belts, 
though  provided,  were  not  used,  and  but  one  man  and  the  coxswain  of  the  regular  crew 
manned  the  boat.    After  instruction,  man-overboard  in  squadron  was  well  executed 
without  confusion,  as  the  following  times  will  indicate: 

Time  of  signal  "man-overboard,"  9.27;  boat  in  water  clear  of  ship,  9.30;  buoy  (ship 
next  ahead)  recovered,  9.32.  At  this  time  all  hands  were  properly  stationed  and  per- 
formed their  duties  in  an  efficient  manner. 

14.  Bag  arid  hammock  inspection:  Bags  and  hammocks  were  of  regulation  pattern 
and  generally  clean.     Bags  complete. 

15.  Bedding:  In  generally  clean  condition,  well  marked,  and  regulation  in  pattern. 

16.  Appended  herewith  is  a  memorandum  of  drills  carried  out: 
August  8.  Fire  drill,  instructions;  man -overboard  drill,  instructions. 

64628°—] 


64  NAVAL   MILITIA   CKUISES   1914. 

August  9.  Sunday. 

August  10.  Instructions  at  the  battery;  instructions  to  quartermasters  and  signal- 
men; man-overboard  drill. 

August  11.  Abandon-ship  drill;  general  quarters;  dotter  practice. 

August  12.  General  quarters  and  gun  drill  (landing  party  ashcre). 

August  13.  Bag  inspection;  instructions  in  seamanship  and  rrdnance. 

August  14.  Battery  instruction;  manK)verboard  drill;  fire  drill;  abandon-ship  drill; 
instruction  in  seamanship. 

August  15.  Boats  exercised  under  oars  by  signal  from  ship. 

August  16.  Sunday  (boat  races). 

August  17.  Man-overboard  drill;  aired  bedding;  hammock  inspection. 

August  18.  Subcaliber  practice;  bag  inspection. 

17.  General  condition  of  ship: 

Hull:  The  metal  generally  is  in  excellent  condition,  except  where  covered  with 
wood.  In  forward  compartments  steel  bracing  plates  suppcrting  wooden  decks  are 
corroded  to  half  their  original  thickness.  In  the  fireroom  the  frames  under  the  plates 
show  bad  corrosion.  Upper  flanges  of  plates  are  entirely  gone  in  places,  and  the  lon- 
gitudinals and  vertical  web  plates  are  corroded  in  spots  to  about  one-half  their  original 
thickness.  This  has  apparently  been  caused  by  poor-fitting  floor  plates,  which  have 
permitted  ashes  to  fall  into  bilges.  These  are  no  doubt  allowed  to  remain  in  the  bilges 
for  several  days  at  a  time. 

Much  sweating  was  apparent  in  most  lower  compartments  and  bilges  contained 
much  free  water.  This  condition  would  be  remedied  by  more  attention  to  ventila- 
tion, and  in  the  forward  compartments  by  piercing  all  frames  near  the  keel  to  drain 
the  water  to  the  forward  well  from  which  a  bilge-pump  suction  is  available. 

The  bulwarks  in  many  places  are  weak  and  rotten.  The  main  deck  in  many  places 
is  badly  worn  and  is  very  soft  and  spongy.  The  deck  in  the  crew's  quarters  aft  con- 
tains leaks  and,  owing  to  wet  rot,  has  caused  the  compartment  to  be  very  unsanitary. 

The  main  engine  is  apparently  in  excellent  condition,  as  are  also  the  engine-room 
auxiliaries. 

The  ship's  battery  spares  and  accessories  are  in  very  good  condition.  The  3-pounder 
has  a  drum-deflecting  scale,  however,  which  can  not  be  used  beyond  2,200  yards 
range  as  the  pointer  runs  off  the  drum. 

Boats  are  in  excellent  condition  and  well  kept. 

The  signal  outfit  is  very  good.  The  Ardois  cable  is  old,  resulting  in  frequent 
grounds,  but  at  present  is  functioning  satisfactorily. 

The  dynamo  is  in  very  good  condition.  The  ship's  wiring  is  in  very  bad  condition, 
and  in  need  of  a  thorough  overhauling.  Much  of  the  present  wiring  in  molding  should 
be  placed  in  conduits. 

The  wireless  set  has  been  removed. 

The  shipkeepers  have  been  generally  successful  in  the  prevention  of  undue  deterio- 
ration, except  in  the  fireroom,  where  there  has  been  an  apparent  laxity  in  keeping 
the  bilges  clear  of  ashes.  Other  compartments  were  not  as  clean  as  should  be  desired, 
but  no  actual  corrosion  has  yet  resulted. 

18.  I  can  not  speak  too  highly  of  the  spirit  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  organization. 
They  have  invited  and  willingly  accepted  criticism  in  all  naval  matters  and  have 
undoubtedly  derived  much  benefit  from  the  cruise.     The  appearance  and  behavior 
of  the  men 'ash  ore  has  been  exemplary,  and  their  work,  with  few  exceptions,  per- 
formed in  a  most  willing  manner. 

19.  The  uniforms  of  the  men  are  insufficient.     But  one  regulation  undershirt  is 
now  required;  this  should  be  increased  to  three,  or  nonregulation  undershirts  of  a 
similar  pattern  allowed.    There  are  at  present  insufficient  clothes  bags  for  the  organi- 
zation, due  to  an  unfilled  requisition.     This  should  be  remedied. 

20.  I  firmly  believe  that  the  maximum  benefit  of  a  cruise  will  only  be  obtained 
when.ari  officer  of  the  regular  service  is  detailed  during  the  entire  period  in  an  advisory 
capacity.    The  Naval  Militia  officer?  of  this  organization  are  interested  in  navigation 
and  understand  piloting.     All  possible  instruction  has  been  given  in  astronomical 
navigation  and  in  general  subjects.     It  is  believed,  however,  that  only  through 
contact  with  officers  of  the  regular  service  will  it  be  possible  for  officers  of  the  Naval 
Militia  to  become  familiar  with  the  customs  and  the  requirements  of  the  regular  service. 

21.  The  permanent  detail  of  an  inspecting  officer  for  work  with  the  lake  organi- 
zations would  lead  to  increased  efficiency  of  the  organizations  and  would  lead  to  a 
better  upkeep  of  the  vessels  by  their  shipkeepers,  in  addition  to  drawing  a  comparison 
of  the  various  units  and  for  their  advancement  in  general. 

22.  No  target  practice  was  held  during  the  cruise. 


NAVAL   MILITIA    CRUISES   1914.  65 

NEW  YORK— U.  S.  S.  SANDOVAL. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  MONROE  KELLY,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  The  following  report  is  submitted  on  the  cruise  of  a  detachment  of  the  Third 
Battalion  of  the  New  York  Naval  Militia  on  the  U.  S.  S.  Sandoval,  from  August  8  to 
16,  inclusive.  1914: 

(1)  Itinerary:  M«es  steamed. 

Summorville  to  Sacketts  Harbor,  Lake  Ontario 95 

Sacketts  Harbor  to  Chaumont  Bay,  Lake  Ontario 15 

Chaumont  Bay  to  Ogdensburg,  N\  Y.,  St.  Lawrence  River 92 

Ogdensburg  to  Alexandria  Bay,  N.  Y.,  St.  Lawrence  Riv>r 38 

Alexandria  Bay  to  Cape  Vincent,  N.  Y.,  St.  Lawrence  River 26 

Cape  Vincent  to  Youngstown,  N .  Y. ,  Niagara  River 150 

Youngstown  to  Olcott  Beach,  N.  Y.,  Lake  Ontario 22 

Olcott  to  Summerville,  N.  Y.,  Lake  Ontario , 62 

Total 500 

(2)  Coal  consumed  in  port  and  at  sea:  In  port,  3£  tons;  at  sea,  11J  tons;  total, 
15^  tons. 

(3)  Average  speed  of  vessel  under  way,  10  knots. 

(4)  Complement: 

(a)  3  officers. 

(6)  Crew  of  32  men. 
(a)  Seaman  branch: 

1  chief  musician,  acting  yeoman. 

1  second-class  seaman,  acting  boatswain's  mate,  first  class. 

1  second-class  seaman,  acting  gunner's  mate,  first  class. 

1  second-class  seaman,  acting  quartermaster's  mate,  first  class. 

1  second-class  seaman,  acting  quartermaster's  mate,  second  class. 

1  second-class  musician. 

12  second-class  seamen. 
(6)  Engineer's  force: 

1  fireman,  second  class,  acting  chief  machinist's  mate. 

1  fireman,  second  class,  acting  machinist's  mate,  second  class. 

2  firemen,  second  class,  acting  firemen,  first  class. 
1  musician,  second  class,  acting  oiler. 

(c)  No  artificers. 

(d)  2  civilian  cooks;  1  civilian  servant  for  officers. 

(e)  Navy  crew: 

1  chief  machinist's  mate. 

1  chief  boatswain's  mate. 

2  seamen. 

2  firemen,  first  class. 

(5)  Name,  rank,  ajnd  duty  of  all  officers: 

Commander  E.   N.  Walbridge,   Naval  Militia,  New  York,   commanding 

officer. 
Paymaster  W.  B.  Zimmer,  Naval  Militia,   New  York,  rank  of  lieutenant, 

paymaster,  and  commissary  officer. 
Ensign  E.  G.  Zimmer,  Naval  Militia,  New  York,  executive  officer  and 

navigator. 

(6)  Was  the  assignment  of  billets  and  stationing  of  the  crew  accomplished  in  a 
seamanlike  manner?    Yes. 

(7)  Had  a  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  been  prepared  before  the  cruise  com- 
menced?   Yes. 

(8)  How  was  the  evolution  of  getting  under  way  accomplished? 
This  evolution  was  accomplished'in  a  very  seamanlike  manner. 

(9)  At  sea  were  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved?    Yes. 

(10)  Were  the  lifeboats'  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  mustered  when  going  on  watch? 
There  was  no  muster  as  there  were  only  seven  men  on  deck  during  each  watch.     Every 
man  of  the  watch  had  a  station,  except  one.     The  boatswain's  mate  of  the  watch 
accounted  for  each  man  and  reported  the  lifeboat  ready  for  lowering.     The  lifeboat's 
crew  was  not  mustered  at  the  falls  for  all  of  the  crew  were  on  watch,  but  each  man 


66  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

was  instructed  as  to  his  duties  in  manning  the  boat  in  case  of  maft  overboard.     During 
the  daytime  the  watch  off  duty  was  used  at  the  lifeboat's  crew. 

(11)  What  was  the  efficiency  of  the  ship  and  crew  at  the  general  quarters?    This 
evolution  was  performed  in  a  very  efficient  manner,  with  the  exception  of  the  fact 
that  no  telescopes  were  provided  for  the  3-pounders  at  the  first  drill.     Of  course 
there  were  no  voice  tubes  nor  telephones  with  which  to  control  the  fire  and  in  this 
respect  they  seemed  sadly  deficient  as  the  commanding  officer  seemed  quite  reluctant 
as  to  using  a  megaphone  to  control  the  fire  from  the  bridge. 

(12)  Fire  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed?    Very  efficiently,  except  that 
there  was  no  one  stationed  by  the  magazine  flood  cocks.     Instead  of  putting  pressure 
on  the  fire  main  as  soon  as  the  call  was  sounded  and  the  controlling  the  water  from 
the  deck  plug,  both  hoses  had  to  be  coupled  to  the  plugs  and  the  valves  opened  before 
pressure  was  put  on  the  main.     The  reasoning  for  this  was  not  very  clearly  explained. 

(13)  Abandon  ship:  How  was  the  evolution  performed?    This  drill  was  carried 
out  in  a  very  seamanlike  manner,  except  that  the  first  time  the  spars  and  sails  were 
forgotten  and  were  left  on  the  ship.    No  boat  boxes  have  ever  been  issued  to  the 
Sandpval,  but  in  abandoning  ship  tools,  matches,  candles,  fish,  leadlines,  etc.,  were 
provided.     There  were  a  few  emergency  rations  provided,  but  not  sufficient  for  either 
boats'  crew. 

(14)  Collision  drill:  How  was  the  evolution  performed?    What  was  the  condition 
of  the  ship  collision  mat?    This  drill  was  not  carried  out,  as  there  was  no  collision 
mat. 

(15)  Boat  drills:  What  boat  drills  were  held?    Three  drills  under  oars.     Two  of 
these  drills  were  conducted  by  signals  from  the  ship;  two  drills  under  sail. 

(16)  How  were  they  performed?    The  drills  under  oars  were  performed  in  a  very 
eeamanlike  manner,  but  those  under  sails  were  not  very  creditable. 

(17)  Man  overboard  drill:  How  was  the  exercise  performed?    Very  efficiently, 
except  that  the  men  in  manning  the  lifeboat  did  not  put  on  life  preservers. 

(18)  Did  signalman,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  perform  their  duty  effi- 
ciently?   There  was  no  regular  detailed  signalman  on  the  ship,  but  the  quarter- 
masters and  seamen  were  wofully  weak  at  signals.     The  lookouts  and  life  buoy  watches 
were  efficient  in  the  performance  of  their  duty. 

(19)  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  What  was  the  condition  of  the  crew  as  regards 
to  uniform?    The  bags  at  inspection  were  very  good,  but  these  would  have  I  een 
better  if  clothes  stops  had  been  provided.     The  condition  of  the  uniforms  as  a  whole 
was  very  good,  but  toward  the  latter  part  of  the  cruise  the  blues  began  to  look  dirty 
and  the  shoes  sadly  in  need  of  blacking. 

(20)  What  was  the  condition  of  the  bedding?     In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  majority 
of  the  men  slept  in  bunks  and  the  few  sleeping  in  hammocks  had  no  hammock  nettings 
in  which  to  stow  their  hammocks,  the  condition  of  the  bedding  was  excellent. 

(21)  What  is  the  general  condition  of  the  ship?     (a)  Hull?    Taking  in  considera- 
tion the  age  of  the  ship  and  the  service  which  it  has  performed,  the  condition  of  the 
hull  is  very  good.     There  are  several  places,  for  instance  the  forward  collision  bulk- 
head, which  has  corroded  through  and  which  should  be  replaced  if  the  exigencies  of 
the  service  permit  it.     In  a  few  places  the  paint  has  not  been  applied  with  as  much 
care  as  should  have  been  exercised,  but  the  blame  for  this  can  be  placed  upon  the 
Navy  ship  keepers  rather  than  upon  the  Militia.     (6)  Machinery?    The  condition 
of  the  machinery  was  excellent. 

(22)  What  is  the  condition  of  the  engine  room  and  fireroom?    Very  good. 

(23)  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  battery,  spare  parts,  and  accessories?    The 
condition  of  the  batteries,  spare  parts,  and  accessories  is  excellent,  except  that  there 
is  no  telescope  for  the  Mark  IX  bore  sight  for  the  3-pounders  guns.     Capt.  Walbridge 
states  that  no  telescope  was  furnished  with  this  bore  sight. 

(24)  What  is  the  condition  of  the  ship's  boats?    Excellent,  except  for  the  fact  that 
no  boat  boxes  have  ever  been  furnished  by  the  Government  for  the  boats. 

(25)  What  is  the  condition  of  the  signal  outfit?    Several  flags  were  missing  from  the 
outfit  of  flags,  otherwise  the  signal  outfit  was  in  good  condition,  although  the  signal 
halliards  were  not  fitted  with  snap  hooks  which  would  greatly  facilitate  the  hoisting 
of  flags. 

(26)  What  is  the  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus?    The  dynamo  seemed  to  be 
in  very  good  condition,  but  some  trouble  was  experienced  in  getting  the  searchlight 
to  operate  properly. 

(27)  Is  the  wireless  apparatus  and  service  efficient?    No  wireless  on  board. 

(28)  Is  it  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  to  prevent  deterioration?    Yes, 
but  they  seem  to  have  been  careless  in  their  painting. 

(29)  Target  practice  was  not  held. 


NAVAL   MILITIA    CRUISES   1914. 


67 


2.  In  my  opinion  there  were  too  many  men  taken  on  this  cruise.     On  the  Sandoval 
there  are  19  bunks  and  5  billets  for  hammocks,  or,  in  other  words,  accommodations 
for  a  crew  of  24.     Including  the  Navy  crew  of  6  and  2  civilian  cooks  there  was  a  crew 
of  32  men  on  board.     As  there  were  no  hammock  nettings  the  men  sleeping  in  ham- 
mocks were  compelleed  to  stow  their  hammocks  in  the  crews'  compartments,  thereby 
causing  great  disorder  and  confusion.     Also  on  account  of  the  number  in  the  crew 
the  men  had  to  eat  in  relays,  consequently  the  meals  lasted  from  1  to  2  hours,  thereby 
causing  disorder  in  the  ship's  routine.     Either  this  battalion  should  be  provided  with 
a  larger  ship  or  else  some  of  the  crew  should  be  left  behind  on  such  cruises.     But 
taking  into  consideration  the  greenness  of  the  men,  some  of  whom  had  never  been  on 
the  ship  before,  and  the  great  disadvantage  under  which  they  labor  they  are  to  be 
congratulated  upon  the  very  good  showing  which  they  made  and  the  excellent  man- 
ner in  which  they  handled  themselves.     The  discipline  was  excellent,  the  crew  inter- 
ested in  their  work  and  very  eager  to  learn  all  they  could  in  the  short  time  of  the 
cruise. 

3.  In  closing  this  report  I  wish  to  make  a  few  remarks  upon  the  officers.     Capt. 
Walbridge  is  unquestionably  an  excellent  lake  pilot  and  has  the  interest  of  the  Naval 
Militia  at  heart,  but  his  lack  of  prompt  decision  and  unseamanlike  method  of  giving 
his  commands  are  not  conducive  to  the  prompt  execution  of  his  orders,  nor  to  main- 
taining discipline.     He  is  so  much  interested  in  the  Militia  that  at  times  he  forgets  his 
rank  and  tries  to  do  the  work  which  should  be  left  to  his  subordinates  and  those  under 
his  command. 

4.  In  regard  to  Paymaster  Zimmer  he  seems  to  take  great  interest  in  his  work,  and 
as  far  as  I  could  ascertain  he  performed  his  duty  in  a  very  creditable  manner. 

5.  I  take  great  pleasure  in  commending  to  the  department,  Ensign  E.  G.  Zimmer 
for  his  zeal  and  interest  and  the  proficient  manner  in  which  he  performed  his  duty. 
He  handled  himself,  the  ship,  and  the  men  under  him  in  a  very  seamanlike  and  effi- 
cient manner. 

6.  In  regard  to  the  personnel  of  the  Navy  crew  I  feel  it  my  duty  to  report  W.  A. 
Murphy,  chief  boatswain's  mate,  who  is  the  senior  petty  officer  aboard.     Murphy 
was  not  only  very  careless  in  his  own  personal  appearance,  thereby  setting  a  bad 
example  for  the  Naval  Militia,  but  he  also  permitted  the  men  under  him  to  go  around 
out  of  uniform. 

OHIO— TJ.  S.  S.  ESSEX. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  R.  E.  ROGERS,  United  States  Navy. 
1.  Itinerary  (miles  steamed): 


Date. 

Ports. 

Miles. 

Speed, 
knots. 

1914. 
Aug  9 

Toledo  to  Detroit 

48  5 

6  4 

Aug  10-11  

Detroit    to  rendezvous  ofl 

249.2 

8.4 

Aug  11 

Maokinac. 
Maneuvers 

21.0 

7  0 

Aug.  11-12  

Rendezvous  to  Bois  Blanc  

31.4 

6.2 

Aus  12                

Bois  Blanc  to  Maokin.ic.  ... 

8.1 

6  7 

"Do 

Mackinaw  to  Cheboygan 

16  4 

7  i 

Aug.  14  

Chebovgan  to  Harbor  Springs. 

66.6 

7.8 

Aug   17-18  

Harbor  Spring?  to  Milwaukee  . 

197.5 

8  0 

Aug  20-22 

Milwaukee  to  Detroit 

501  4 

8  7 

Aug   23 

Detroit  to  Toledo 

48  5 

7  8 

2.  Coal  consumed:  In  port,  34  tons;  at  sea,  93  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway,  8.04  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers,  9. 
(6)  Crew— 

(1)  Seaman  branch,  42. 

(2)  Engineer  force,  25. 

(3)  Artificers,  11. 
(c)  Marines,  none. 

5.  Name,  rank,  and  duty  of  all  officers: 
Commander,  A.  F.  Nicklett,  commanding  officer. 
Lieut.  T.  J.  Schmitt,  executive. 
Lieut.  R.  G.  Willoh,  engineer  officer. 


68  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

4.  Complement — Continued. 

Lieut.  E.  E.  Dieball,  watch  and  division. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  J.  Swarzkopf,  watch  and  division. 

Ensign  G.  L.  Gens,  watch  and  division. 

Ensign  E.  Stabb,  junior  engineer  officer. 

Paymaster  W.  E.  Jacoby,  pay  officer. 

Surg.  P.  I.  Mulholland.  medical  officer. 

(NOTE. — No  officer  was  assigned  exclusively  to  duties  of  navigator.     Lieut.  Dieball 
performed  most  of  this  duty.) 

6.  Individual  station  billets  for  deck  divisions  and  artificers  were  not  served  out 
for  several  hours  after  the  crew  were  on  board,  and  six  hours  after  getting  underway. 
Lifeboat  crews  and  sea  details  were  stationed,  however,  and  the  stationing  was  accom- 
plished without  confusion  and  in  a  seamanlike  manner.     The  engineer  force  were 
provided  with  billets  prior  to, coming  on  board,  and  were  stationed  in  a  very  efficient 
manner,  under  direct  supervision  of  Lieut.  Willoh. 

7.  A  tentative  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  prepared  before  the  cruise 
commenced,  but  did  not  cover  all  details.     Names,  rates,  watch  numbers,  gun  stations, 
mess,  fire  quarters,  stations  for  getting  underway  and  coming  to  anchor  were  included. 
Details  for  abandon  ship,  gear  provided,  and  of  collision  drill  were  not  included, 
though  these  defects  were  subsequently  corrected.     No  sea  details  were  posted,  these 
assignments  being  left  to  a  boatswain's  mate. 

8.  Getting  underway  was  not  an  all-hands  maneuver.    The  men  detailed  to  handle 
gear  went  directly  to  their  stations  at  "up  anchor."     Owing  to  the  unsatisfactory 
ground-tackle  installation,  weighing  was  a  very  laborious  maneuver,  but  was  invari- 
ably accomplished  without  confusion. 

9.  At  sea  lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  regularly 
relieved. 

10.  The  lifeboat  crew  was  mustered  at  the  beginning  of  each  watch.     Sunset  routine 
was  followed.     The  watch  was  mustered  when  going  on  duty,  but,  except  sea  details, 
were  not  required  to  remain  on  deck  by  day  or  night. 

11.  General  quarters:  Owing  to  the  small  armament,  this  exercise  offers  little  scope. 
Crews  went  quickly  to  their  stations,  cast  loose,  and  provided  guns.     Ammunition 
supply  is  satisfactory.     Hose  was  led  out,  spares  and  accessories  provided,  and  all 
essential  details  covered.     First-aid  packages  were  not  provided.     The  loading  drill 
for  the  two  3-pounders,  the  only  guns  available  for  target  practice,  were  fairly  good. 
More  drill  is  needed  before  a  target  practice,  however.     Adequate  fire  control  had  not 
been  worked  out,  but  an  effective  and  simple  system  is  now  in  use,  consisting  of  trans- 
mission of  orders  to  guns  by  voice  tube  from  bridge. 

12.  Fire  drill:  The  crew  knew  their  stations  and  ran  to  them  on  the  double.     All 
essential  details  were  covered  and  the  maneuver  was  efficiently  performed. 

13.  Collision  drill:  This  drill,  with  use  of  collision  mat,  is  new  to  the  ship.     After 
two  drills  the  maneuver  was  performed  satisfactorily.     The  dip  rope  is  passed  under 
the  stern,  owing  to  projecting  parts  at  the  stem.     I  have  recommended  the  shortening- 
of  the  guys  and  hogging  lines  to  suit  the  size  of  the  ship.     The  mat  is  new  and  in  good 
condition. 

14.  Abandon-ship  drill  was  not  thorough  in  details,  but  was  carried  out  with  little 
confusion,  a  characteristic  of  all  the  ship's  general  drills.     One  boat  officer  did  not 
have  a  muster  list,  and  in  two  successive  drills  this  boat  was  not  provided  with  mess 
gear.     In  general,  no  arrangements  for  lowering  boats  were  provided.     All  passengers 
and  crews  embark  at  davits. 

15.  One  boat  drill  was  held  with  the  three  pulling  boats,  maneuvering  by  signals 
from  ship. 

16.  Simple  evolutions  were  well  executed;  boats  kept  good  distance.     Tossing  and 
boating  were  well  done.     All  crews  pulled  an  even  stroke.     Several  practice  sails 
were  made  by  boats  preparing  for  sailing  races.     I  witnessed  handling  of  boats  under 
sail  only  in  very  light  breezes.     Boats  were  well  handled,  sails  properly  set  and 
trimmed. 

17.  Man-overboard  drill:  Boat  was  quickly  manned,  life  preservers  put  on,  falls 
quickly  and  well  tended,  boat  lowered  rapidly.     The  ship  was  handled  to  suit  con- 
ditions.    If  in  a  river  or  narrow  waters  the  course  is  held,  ship  stopped,  boat  lowered 
immediately.     This  was  done  once  at  a  speed  of  8  knots.     If  there  is  plenty  of  room 
the  "alternate  method"  is  used,  boat  lowered  after  ship  has  circled  back  to  man. 
These  defects  were  noted:  The  port  life  buoy  failed  to  release,  due  to  sticking  of  the 
trigger,  the  hinge  having  become  dirty  and  corroded.     I  could  learn  of  no  routine  of 
overhauling  and  testing  life  buoys.     At  one  drill  the  wrong  buoy  was  tripped,  the  life 
buoy  man  not  knowing  there  was  another  buoy.    The  boat  was  not  got  quickly  clear 
of  ship's  side.    This  was  due,  evidently,  to  the  sea  painter  being  made  fast  too  far 
forward,  the  first  thwart  being  used. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  69 

18.  The  signal  force  is  inefficient.     I  found  signalmen  on  watch  who  knew  little  of 
either  semaphore  or  Morse  codes.     Generally  they  were  slow  in  answering.     Signalmen 
on  watch  when  at  anchor  were  inattentive  and  careless,  and  were  evidently  not 
sufficiently  prodded  by  the  officer  of  the  deck.    The  force  consistsof  four  quartermasters 
and  six  signalmen.     Three  quartermasters  were  proficient  in  semaphore;  one  could 
send  slowly,     \\hen  the  cruise  began  none  knew  the  Morse  code  thoroughly,  but 
considerable  progress  was  made  before  the  end  of  the  cruise.     Four  signalmen  could 
send  and  receive  very  slowly  by  semaphore,  but  none  knew  the  Morse  code  thor- 
oughly.    Quartermasters  knew  the  international  flags.     The  signal  officer,  Mr.  Die- 
ball,  is  proficient  in  all  systems.     Lookouts  were  vigilant  and  were  prompt  in  hailing. 
Life  buoy  men  were  vigilant  but  lacked  confidence,  and  the  buoy  was  not  dropped 
promptly  enough. 

19.  Bag  and  hammock  inspection:  The  outfit  of  clothes  in  most  cases  complete  and 
in  good  condition,  except  in  shoes.    White  clothes  are,  however,  not  properly  scrubbed 
and  with  very  few  exceptions  I  found  dirty  clothes  in  each  outfit  at  bag  inspection, 
the  average  of  white  clothing  being  not'better  than  one  complete  uniform  of  clean 
clothes.     Several  men  had  no  black  shoes,  and  wore  tan  shoes  or  sneakers. 

20.  Hammocks  and  bedding  were  in  good  condition  and  clean. 

21.  Condition  of  the  ship: 

(a)  Hull.  The  hull  is  generally  sound,  indicating  little  deterioration.  There  is  at 
alltimes  a  quantity  of  water  in  the  bilges,  due  to  the  suction  of  the  drainage  pump  being 
too  high.  There  is  a  bad  leak  through  the  stern  tube,  the  gland  urgently  needing 
repacking.  There  is  a  small  leak  just  above  the  keelson  at  the  stern,  though  I  am  of 
the  opinion  that  it  will  not  increase.  If  the  ship  is  docked,  as  is  to  be  recommended 
by  the  board  of  inspection  and  survey,  these  leaks  will  be  easily  stopped.  Compart- 
ments and  holds  are  generally  clean  and  well  painted.  Some  trash  has  accumulated 
in  confined  spaces,  as  behind  steam  coils  and  piping,  usually  in  the  nature  of  sweepings. 
Officers'  quarters  are  clean  and  well  painted,  and  this  is  true  of  crew's  living  spaces, 
except  in  the  less  easily  accessible  places,  where  some  trash  has  accumulated.  The 
ice  boxes  drain  into  the  bilge — a  fault  that  should  be  remedied,  particularly  as  the 
bilges  can  not  be  pumped  dry.  The  side  is  well  painted,  but  is  not  kept  clean.  The 
main-deck  paintwork  is  in  good  condition  and  clean. 

(6)  With  the  exception  of  the  anchor  gear  the  machinery  is  in  excellent  condition 
as  regards  both  main  engine  and  auxiliaries.  The  boiler  stop  on  boiler  No.  1  cracked 
badly  the  second  day  of  the  cruise,  requiring  this  boiler  to  be  disconnected,  and  it 
was  used  for  all  auxiliaries.  Working  parts  are  kept  clean  and  well  oiled.  Engine 
framing,  levers,  and  shafting  are  not  kept  well  wiped  off.  The  anchor  engine  should 
be  condemned  and  replaced.  In  its  present  condition  it  is  very  difficult  to  operate, 
and  is  dangerous.  The  wildcats  are  practically  worn  out.  A  new  engine  and  windlass 
are  urgently  needed.  This  gear  has  been  in  use  for  38  years. 

22.  Engine  and  fire  rooms  are  kept  clean  and  free  from  rubbish,  well  painted,  and 
in  good  condition. 

23.  Ship's  battery:  Mounts  and  mechanism  are  in  good  condition.     Sights  are  in 
focus,  lenses  clean,  scales  adjusted;  spare  parts  and  accessories  for  3-pounders  are 
ample  and  in  excellent  condition.     Spare  parts  for  1-pounders,  guns  used  only  for 
saluting  purposes,  are  not  complete.     Missing  parts  have  been  required  for. 

24.  Boats: 

First.  Cutter,  clean,  well  painted,  equipped  except  boat  box,  and  in  good  condition. 
Oars  are  old  but  leathers  are  kept  renewed.  Spars  are  old  but  serviceable.  Sails 
neat,  well  set,  gear  moves  in  seamanlike  way. 

Second.  Cutter,  an  old  boat,  should  be  replaced;  keel  broken;  strengthened  with 
iron  brace.  Sailing  launch,  an  old  boat,  seaworthy.  Beading  should  be  renewed. 
Whaleboat  (gig)  used  as  lifeboat,  in  excellent  condition.  Motor  whaleboat,  a  new 
boat,  excellent  condition  ^xcept  for  a  broken  clutch  that  will  be  repaired  by  ship's 
force  when  material  is  available.  All  boats  are  kept  well  painted  and  dry,  though 
bright  work  gets  little  attention,  except  in  whaleboat. 

25.  Signal  outfit  is  in  excellent  condition. 

26.  Electrical  outfit  is  in  excellent  condition  and  is  efficiently  operated. 

27.  The  wireless  apparatus  and  service  are  highly  efficient.    There  are  four  good 
radio  men  who  show  a  keen  interest  in  their  branch. 

28.  It  is  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  men  employed  by  the  State  have 
endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  prevent  deterioration.     The  condition 
of  the  ship  and  her  machinery  indicate  frequent  inspection  and  attention  to  details 
on  the  part  of  the  officers  responsible  for  the  care  of  the  ship. 

29.  The  watch  officers  have  not  had  adequate  instruction  in  the  subject  of  navi- 
gation, and  while  two  at  least  are  excellent  in  piloting,  the  captain  is  the  only  officer 
possessing  a  practical  knowledge  of  nautical  astronomy,  although  Lieuts.  Dieball 


70  NAVAL    MILITIA    CRUISES  1914. 

and  Swartzkopf  are  studying  the  subject.  In  the  early  part  of  the  cruise  exact  methods 
of  fixing  positions  were  not  used  and  positions  were  not  habitually  plotted  on  the 
chart.  This  was  considered  unnecessary  in  view  of  the  officers'  familiarity  with  the 
cruising  grounds.  Later,  the  officer  of  the  deck  was  required  to  fix  position  whenever 
possible  and  plot  the  track  of  the  ship.  No  azimuths  were  taken.  The  compass 
was,  however,  checked  on  such  ranges  as  offered  themselves,  and  showed  very  little 
deviation. 


idng  a  branch  of  the  n~ain  steam  line  were  accomplished  quickly  and  satisfactorily 
by  the  ship's  own  machinists.  Bells  were  answered  promptly  and  signals  executed 
without  delay.  No  difficulty  was  experienced  with  pumps  and  auxiliaries.  Most  of 
this  force  are  machinists  by  trade  and  readily  adapt  themselves  to  their  duties  aboard 
ship.  Saving  their  lack  of  experience  with  condensers  and  distilling  plants,  I  con- 
sider that  they  approach  very  closely  to  a  man-of-war  standard. 

OHIO— U.  S.  S.  DOROTHEA. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  E.  F.  BUCK,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  The  Dorothea  got  underway  at  9.55  p.  m.,  August  8,  1914,  from  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
and  on  August  10,  1914,  anchored  in  North  Bay,  Lake  Huron. 

Got  underway  4.30  a.  m.  August  11,  1914,  lor  the  rendezvous  of  the  first  division 
in  latitude  45°  45'  north,  longitude  83°  50'  west,  and  at  8  a.  m.  reported  to  the  senior 
officer  present. 

In  the  alternoon  the  division  held  maneuvers.  At  sunset  the  approach  was  com- 
menced on  Mackinac  Island,  the  whole  first  division  being  intercepted  by  the  second 
division.  The  fleet  anchored  off  Bois  Blanc  Island  and  on  the  morning  of  August  12, 
1914,  a  landing  lorce,  lightly  equipped,  was  sent  ashore  irom  each  ship. 

In  the  aiternoon  the  fleet  got  underway  lor  maneuvers  and  at  night  anchored  off 
St.  Helena  Island.  Got  underway  morning  of  August  13,  1914,  for  maneuvers. 

In  the  alternoon  leak  developed  in  the  boiler  tube  of  forward  boiler  and  the  Doro- 
thea was  unable  to  continue  in  lormation.  Steamed  into  Harbor  Springs,  Mich.,  for 
repairs.  It  was  impossible  to  make  the  necessary  repairs  in  time  for  the  Dorothea  to 
take  part  in  any  further  maneuvers  during  the  cruise. 

On  Monday,  August  17,  1914,  the  Naval  Militia  squadron  disbanded.  The  Doro- 
thea coaled  and  at  7.30  p.  m.  got  underway  for  Mackinac  Island.  Anchored  Mackinac 
Island  7.30  a.  m.  August  19,  1914,  and  at  2  p.  m.  got  underway  lor  Detroit,  Mich. 

The  Dorothea  returned  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  22,  1914. 

2.  The  following  is  the  data  obtained  on  the  cruise  of  the  Dorothea: 

(1)  Itinerary:  Miles. 

Cleveland,  Ohio,  to  North  Bay 297 

North  Bay  to  rendezvous 28 

^Rendezvous  to  Bois  Blanc  Island 2(> 

Bois  Blanc  Island  to  St.  Helena  Island 21 

St.  II  elena  Island  to  Harbor  Springs,  Mich 39 

Harbor  Springs,  Mich.,  to  Mackinac  Island 52 

Mackinac  Island  to  Detroit,  Mich 270 

Detroit,  Mich.,  to  Cleveland,  Ohio 91 

Total 824 

The  above  does  not  include  distance  steamed  during  maneuvers.   ' 

(2)  Coal  consumed  in  port,  13  tons;  coal  consumed  at  sea,  99  tons. 

(3)  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  under  way,  8  knots. 

(4)  Complement:  (a)  Officers,  9;  (6)  crew,  seaman  branch,  63;  engineer  force,  19; 
artificers,  2;  special,  26. 

Seaman  branch:  Chief  gunner's  mate,  1;  boatswain's  mate,  first  class,  1;  master  at 
arms,  second  class,  1;  boatswain's  mate,  second  class,  1;  quartermasters,  second  class, 
2;  master  at  arms,  third  class,  1;  coxswains,  2;  gunner's  mate,  third  class,  1;  quarter- 
master, third  class,  1;  seamen,  16;  ordinary  seamen,  36;  total,  63. 

Engineer's  force:  Chief  machinist's  mate,  1;  machinist's  mate,  first  class,  1;  water 
tender,  1;  oilers,  3;  fireman,  first  class,  1;  firemen,  second  class,  3;  coal  passers,  9; 
total,  19. 

Artificer's  branch:  Electrician,  second  class  (general),  1;  electrician,  third  class 
(radio),  1;  total,  2. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  71 


Special  branch:  Chief  yeoman,  1;  hospital  steward,  1;  bandmaster,  1: 
first  class,  1;  Chip's  cook,  first  class,  1:  yeoman,  second  class,  1;  hospital  ap 
first  class,  2;  musician,  first  class,  1;  ship's  cook,  lourth  class,  1;  musician 


yeoman, 
apprentice, 
iusicians,  second 
,  ]4;  bugler,  1;  mess  attendant,  third  class,  1;  total,  2j. 

(5)  Officers  on  board: 

Lieu",.  Commander  E.  J.  Kelly,  Ohio  Naval  Milith,  commanding. 

Lieu".  L.  A.  Doran,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  executive  officer. 

Lieut.  C.  D.  Mason,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  navigator. 

Lieu".  (Junior  Grade)  G.  W.  Billington,  senior  engineer  officer. 

Eneign  John  Homer,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  watch  and  division. 

Ensign  W.  A.  Taylor,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  watch  and  division. 

Ensign  C.  D.  Linn,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  watch  an  1  division. 

Passed  Asst.  Surg.  A.  E.  Biddinger,  Ohio  Naval  Militia,  medical  officer. 

Asst.  Paymaster  W.  M.  Carey,  Ohio  Naval    'ilitia,  paymaster. 

(6)  The  alignment  of  billets  and  thj  stationing  of  the  crew  was  accomplished  in  a 
eeamanlike  manner. 

(7)  A  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  was  prepared  before  the  commencement  of 
the  cruise.     Each  man  was  given  a  station  billet  on  reporting  on  board. 

(8)  Evolution  of   getting  underway  was  performed   quietly  and  in  a  seamanlike 
manner,  the  men  falling  in  at  quarters  except  those  engaged  in  working  on  the  anchor 
gear. 

(9)  Lookouts  and  life-buoy  watches  were  properly  stationed  and  regularly  relieved, 
performing  their  duty  efficiently. 

(10)  Lifeboat  crew  and  men  of  the  watch  were  mustered  when  goin»  on  duty. 

(11)  At  general  quarters  the  men  went  to  their  stations  quickly  and  cast  loose  and 
provided  according  to  regulations  in  two  minutes.     Drill  cartridges  were  provided 
each  gun. 

(12)  Fire  drill  was  excellent.     It  is  impossible  to  start  the  fire  pump  until  all  hoses 
are  connected,  as  there  are  no  valves  on  most  of  the  fire  plugs.     First  stream  of  water 
was  reported  in  1  minute  20  seconds.     During  the  cruise  fire  was  discovered  in  one 
of  the  ship's  boats  during  the  meal  hour  of  the  crew.     Fire  call  was  sounded  and 
water  was  gotten  on  the  fire  quickly  and  quietly. 

(13)  Collision  drill  was  good,  the  mat  being  gotten  over  in  two  minutes.     The  con- 
dition of  the  mat  is  excellent. 

(14)  At  abandon  ship,  the  men  fell  in  abreast  their  boats  but  nothing  was  provided. 

(15)  Boat  drills  were  held  every  day  the  ship  was  in  port.     The  men  have  learned 
to  pull  a  fairly  good  stroke,  there  being  many  men  on  board  making  this  their  first 
cruise.     Boats  were  exercised  singly  by  division  officers  and  as  a  flotilla  by  signal 
from  the  ship. 

(16)  Drills  were  performed  in  an  excellent  manner. 

(17)  The  time  at  man  overboard  drill  was  slow,  but  improved  by  the  end  of  the 
cruise. 

(18)  Signalmen,  lookouts,  and  man  at  the  life  buoy  performed  their  duty  efficiently. 

(19)  Tiie  crew  were  in  regulation  uniform,  and  after  the  second  day  all  appeared  neat 
and  clean. 

(20)  The  condition  of  the  bedding  was  good. 

(21)  (a)  The  general  condition  of  the  hull  is  good,  has  very  little  rust,  and  the  paint 
is  thin  and  in  good  condition.     (6)  The  general  condition  of  the  machinery  is  good. 

(22)  The  general  condition  of  the  engine  and  fire  rooms  is  good,  machinery  and 
bilges  being  kept  very  clean.     Much  trouble  was  experienced  with  the  boilers  on  the 
cruise,  many  leaks  developing  in  the  tubes.     Boilers  should  be  retubed.     Engine  is 
excellent. 

(23)  The  ship  battery  is  good.     Spare  parts  and  accessories  are  incomplete. 

(24)  The  condition  of  the  ship's  boats  is  good. 

(25)  The  condition  of  the  signal  outfit  is  good. 

(26)  The  condition  of  the  electrical  apparatus  is  good.     The  insulation  of  the  wiring 
in  places  is  bad. 

(27)  There  is  no  radio  set  on  board. 

(28)  It  is  evident  that  the  Navy  ship  keepers  and  the  men  employed  by  the  State 
have  endeavored  to  keep  the  ship  in  condition  and  to  prevent  deterioration  as  far  as 
possible. 

(29)  On  the  whole,  the  officers  and  men  performed  their  duty  well  and  appeared 
to  take  great  interest  in  their  work. 

(30)  No  target  practice  was  held. 


72  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

OREGON— U.  S.  S.  MILWAUKEE. 
Commander  J.  M.  REEVES,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Complying  with  department's  instructions,  the   following  general   report  cov- 
ering the  performance  and  duty  of  the  Naval  Militia  of  the  State  of  Oregon  is  sub- 
mitted: 

2.  This  organization  is  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Commander  Blair,  Oregon 
Naval  Militia.     Mr.  Blair  has  had  command  a  comparatively  short  time.     He  is  a  grad- 
uate of  the  Naval  Academy  and  served  several  years  afloat  before  resigning  from  the 
service.     He  is  an  excellent  man  in  every  respect  for  the  work  he  is  now  performing, 
and  it  is  believed  that  a  year  from  now  will  find  the  Oregon  Militia  in  a  greatly  im- 
proved condition. 

3.  It  is  difficult  to  make  a  report  of  this  character  that  will  be  of  real  value  to  the 
department  and  at  the  same  time  do  justice  to  the  militia  organization.     It  is  not 
thought  practicable  to  judge  the  militia  by  the  standard  of  efficiency  of  the  naval 
service;  on  the  other  hand,  it  is  not  desired  to  submit  a  report  of  a  very  compli- 
mentary character  to  the  militia  organization,  as  such  a  report  would  be  valueless  to 
the  department  and  unjust  to  all  concerned.     In  this  report  an  endeavor  will  there- 
fere  be  made  to  comment  on  the  militia  from  the  standpoint  of  what  it  is  believed 
they  should  know,  having  consideration  for  the  limited  amount  of  experience  and 
time  at  their  disposal. 

4.  The  organization  of  the  Oregon  Militia  is  excellent,  based  upon  the  organization 
in  divisions  aboard  ship.     This  appears  the  only  practicable  organization,  and  the 
commanding  officer  can  make  no  suggestions  for  improvement.     As  to  discipline, 
cleanliness,  and  adaptability,  there  is  a  wide  range  for  comment.     The  organization 
appears  to  comprise  young  men  of  about  the  same  grade  as  those  comprising  the  regular 
enlisted  force  of  the  Navy.     They  are,  in  general,  men  of  intelligence  and  good  char- 
acter.    The  commanding  officer  was  greatly  gratified  by  the  conduct  of  these  men 
while  on  shore  on  liberty  in  Honolulu.     It  was  almost  without  exception  exemplary, 
and,  to  quote  from  a  press  report,  "they  behave  like  men  on  shore."     Aboard  ship 
there  were  naturally  many  infractions  of  regulations  and  discipline  of  a  minor  char- 
acter, almost  entirely  due  to  ignorance  and  lack  of  familiarity.    The  men  were  willing, 
and  did  no  grumbling  at  any  of  the  duties  required  of  them.     As  to  the  military  dis- 
cipline existing  ita  the  organization  itself,  it  naturally  is  much  below  that  of  the  regular 
service.     It  is  believed  that  this  is  almost  wholly  due  to  the  inexperience  of  the  offi- 
cers; to  their  personal  acquaintance  and  association,  and  familiarity  with  the  men 
of  their  divisions.     It  must  be  remembered  that  the  officers  themselves,  with  the 
exception  of  Mr.  Blair,  are  as  lacking  and  unfamiliar  with  military  discipline  as  the 
men  themselves. 

5.  As  to  cleanliness,  much  improvement  could  be  made.     The  men  naturally  are 
not  accustomed  to  scrub  their  own  clothes,  nor  are  they  familiar  with  ship  life.     For 
this  reason  they  became  dirty  much  more  quickly  than  the  regular  men.     It  is  be- 
lieved that  the  rough  weather  the  first  day  of  the  cruise,  with  consequent  general  sea- 
sickness lasting  for  several  days,  had  much  to  do  in  producing  a  lack  of  cleanliness  in 
the  militia  organization.     The  seasick  men  naturally  sought  every  corner  about  the 
decks,  where  they  lay  down  regardless  of  the  condition  of  their  clothes  or  hammocks. 
To  this  heavy  weather  at  the  early  part  of  the  cruise  is  attributed  in  large  measure  a 
certain  amount  of  confusion  with  the  hammocks  and  clothing  of  the  men  and  to  their 
lack  of  cleanly  appearance. 

6.  As  to  adaptability,  the  commanding  officer  believes  these  men  to  be  as  adaptable 
as  could  be  expected  from  this  class  of  men.     The  experience  the  men  have  had  is 
exceedingly  slight,  and  at  present  is  of  no  considerable  value  in  making  them  adaptable 
to  sea  life  and  routine  work  on  a  man -o '-war. 

7.  Many  suggestions  for  the  future  improvement  of  the  organization  could  be  made, 
but  it  is  believed  that  many  would  be  impracticable.     It  is  believed  that  the  drills 
and  work  of  the  militia  organization  under  their  own  officers  throughout  the  year  are 
of  very  slight  importance  compared  with  the  experience  gained  on  their  annual  cruise. 
While  some  improvement  might  be  gained  by  the  detail  of  a  regular  naval  officer  as 
instructor  or  inspector  it  is  not  thought  that  this  would  be  considerable.     It  is  difficult 
to  see  how  military  discipline  and  efficiency  can  be  developed  beyond  a  certain  point 
when  the  officers  engaged  in  this  endeavor  are  themselves  lacking  in  experience  in 
these  respects.     Furthermore,  the  organization  is  more  or  less  voluntary,  and  allow- 
ance for  that  has  always  to  be  made.     It  is  believed  that  great  importance  and  greater 
attention  should  be  given  to  the  annual  cruise  of  the  Naval  Militia  for  the  reason  as 
stated  above.     This  experience,  though  brief,  is  considered  of  greater  value  than  the 
combined  experience  throughout  the  year.    Judging  from  the  experience  of  the  cruise 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


just  completed  it  is  believed  better  results  could  be  obtained  by  taking  out  a  smaller 
number  of  militiamen  on  a  single  ship.  Under  no  circumstances  should  two  State 
organizations  be  sent  out  together.  While  there  was  no  friction  whatsoever  between 
the  organizations  on  the  Milwaukee,  the  large  numbers  made  it  difficult  to  accomplish 
results  that  could  have  been  attained  with  a  smaller  number  of  men.  The  policy 
followed  on  this  cruise  is  now  believed  to  have  been  a  mistaken  one,  but  one  that  was 
made  more  or  less  necessary  by  the  present  system.  This  policy  consisted  in  an 
effort  to  give  the  officers  all  training  and  experience  possible  under  supervision  in  the 
exercise,  control,  and  drilling  of  their  own  men  and  divisions.  While  it  was  foreseen 
that  the  results,  so  far  as  the  men  themselves  were  concerned,  would  by  this  method 
be  less  satisfactory  than  if  the  men  had  been  taken  in  charge  by  the  regular  officers, 
it  was  believed  that  this  would  be  more  than  offset  by  the  experience  gained  by  the 
militia  officers.  This  policy  was  adopted  partially  because  of  suggestions  received 
by  the  commanding  officer  previous  to  the  cruise.  These  suggestions  in  general  were 
to  the  effect  that  if  the  militia  officers  were  trained  and  given  experience  that  this 
training  and  experience  would  in  time  be  imparted  to  the  men  themselves.  The 
commanding  officer  is  now  of  the  opinion  from  the  experience  gained  on  this  cruise 
that  such  a  system  is  impossible  of  success.  It  is  easier  to  train  the  men  than  the 
officers.  The  training  of  the  officer  is  no  simple  matter  and  it  is  believed  it  can  not 
be  accomplished  in  two  or  three  weeks'  cruise  once  a  year.  It  is  believed  that  the 
men  of  the  militia  organization,  if  removed  from  the  command  of  their  own  officers, 
could  in  a  short  time  be  made  useful.  On  the  other  hand  it  is  believed  that  the  officers 
themselves  if  removed  from  their  men  and  the  existing  difficulties  incident  to  com- 
manding and  handling  green  and  inexperienced  men  would  advance  more  rapidly 
in  knowledge  and  experience. 

In  other  words,  both  men  and  the  officers  are  handicapped,  the  men  by  being  com- 
manded by  officers  little  more  experienced  than  themselves;  the  officers  by  endeav- 
oring to  handle  and  drill  men  of  practically  no  experience  whatever.  Therefore,  it 
is  suggested  that  on  future  cruises  the  militia  organizations  be  sent  to  ships  in  regular 
commission,  not  more  than  one  division  of  a  State  organization  being  placed  aboard 
the  same  ship.  These  men  should  be  broken  up  as  a  division  and  distributed  through 
the  ship's  company  in  order  that  only  a  half  dozen  or  more  militiamen  be  under  the 
command  of  a  single  officer.  This  will  enable  greater  personal  attention  being  given 
the  militiamen.  The  militia  officers  should  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  militiamen 
on  the  cruise,  but  should  devote  themselves  entirely  to  their  own  training  and  acqui- 
sition of  experience.  It  is  recognized  that  this  suggestion  is  directly  contrary  to  the 
ideas  and  general  desires  of  the  militia  officers,  but  it  is  believed  that  the  officers  them- 
selves are  but  poor  judges  of  the  training  of  which  they  stand  in  need.  This  training- 
after  all  is  not  for  the  benefit  of  the  militia  or  militia  organizations,  but  for  the- 
benefit  of  the  naval  service  at  large  whereby  men  of  certain  training  and  experience 
are  to  be  made  available  for  use  in  case  of  actual  war. 

PENNSYLVANIA— IT.  S.  S.  WOLVERINE. 

Lieut.  (Junior  Grade)  E.  G.  HAAS,  United  States  Navy. 
1.  Itinerary  (miles  steamed): 


Date. 

Sailed  from  — 

Date. 

Arrived  — 

Distance. 

1914. 
Auw  8 

Erie 

1914. 
Auff  9 

Detroit               

Miles. 
99.6 
169.0 
72.8 

45.0 

82.5 
41.0 

Aug.  10  
Aug.  11  
Aug.  12  

Aug.  13  

Aug.  14  
Aug.  15  
Aug  16 

Detroit 

Aug  11 

Harbor  Beach  

Harbor  Beach  

Underway  for  maneuvers  until 
Helenas  Island 

Aug.  12  

7.20  p.  m.,  at 

Bois  Blanc  Islands     

which  time  anchored  off   St. 

Underway  at  8.39  a.  m.,  and  me 
time  anchored  off  Harbor  Spri 
Underway  for  maneuvers  at  8Ai 
Harbor  Springs    liberty 

neuvered  with  fleet  until  7.15  p.  m.,  at  which 
n<TS  Mich 

a.  m.     Ancho 

red  at  2  15  p  m 

Aug.  17  
Aug.  20  
Aug.  21  

Total 

Harbor  Springs 

Au".  19  

Detroit  

326.1 
42.5 
139.0 

Detroit 

Aug  20. 

Put-in-Bay  

Put-in-Bay  

Aug.  22  

Erie  

1,017.5 

74  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

2.  Coal  consumed:  In  port,  13  tons;  at  sea,  88  tons. 

3.  Average  speed  of  vessel  while  underway:  Sixteen  re  volutions =7. 5  knots. 

4.  Complement: 

(a)  Officers,  7;  (6)  crew — (1)  seaman  branch,  68;  (2)  engineer  force,  20;  (3)  artificers, 
45;  marines,  none. 

5.  lieut.  Ccirmander  W.  L.  Morrison,  commanding  officer. 
Lieut.  A.  G.  Keller,  executive,  navigator,  and  ordnance  officer. 
Lieut,  (junior  grade)  N.  E.  Wilber,  engineer  officer. 

En;ign  H.  C.  frcllvaine  (Fhiladelj  hia  division),  watch  and  division. 
Ensign  E.  S.  Chellis,  eignal  and  watch  officer. 
Ensign  J.  P.  Smart,  watch  and  divii-ion. 
Asst.  Surg.  G.  B.  Kalb,  medical  officer. 

6.  Individual  station  billets  were  not  distributed  to  the  men  until  about  three  houi 
after  the  ship  got  underway.     This  could  not  be  accomplished  sooner,  since  it  was  not 
known  precisely  what  men  would  be  able  to  make  the  trip  until  just  prior  to  sailing. 
Soon  after  getting  underway  all  hands  went  to  quarters;  men  were  mustered  and 
assigned  to  divisions.     The  assignment  of  billets  and  the  stationing  of  the  crew  were 
accomplished  in  a  eeamanlike  manner. 

7.  A  tentative  watch,  quarter,  and  station  bill  had  been  prepared  prior  to  sailing. 
This  bill  was  subsequently  changed  to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  cruise  and  when 
finally  completed  was  satisfactory  in  all  respects. 

8.  The  evolution  of  getting  underway  was  performed  in  a  very  efficient  manner. 
All  orders  from  the  bridge  were  promptly  and  efficiently  executed  and  with  very 
little  noise. 

9.  Yes. 

10.  Yes. 

11.  Gun  crews  were  selected  and  the  individual  members  instructed  in  their  dutK 
at  "cast  loose  and  provide,"  but  it  is  quite  apparent  that  considerable  drilling  at  th( 

funs  will  be  necessary  before  the  crews  will  attain  any  great  degree  of  efficiency. 
Ire  hose  was  led  out  where  necessary.     It  is  believed  the  facilities  for  a  rapid  and 
steady  ammunition  supply  are  quite  adequate. 

12.  Fire  drill  was  performed  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner.     Men  repaired  to  their 
stations  on  the  double  and  with  very  little  noise  and  confusion.     All  precautions  were 
taken  to  isolate  the  fire.     Water  was  at  the  hose  45  seconds  after  the  "fire  signal" 
was  given. 

13.  This  evolution  was  not  performed  with  the  usual  dexterity.     The  mat  was  car- 
ried promptly  to  the  scene  of  the  collision,  guys  properly  manned;  but  considerable 
delay  was  caused  by  the  men  detailed  to  man  the  dip  rope,  who  experienced  much 
trouble  in  working  the  line  aft.     The  mat  is  in  poor  condition  and  is  inadequate  for 
emergency  needs.     A  new  mat  is  very  desirable. 

14.  In  a  very  efficient  manner.     Men  fell  in  abreast  the  boats  to  which  they  had 
been  assigned  and  awaited  the  signal  to  lower  the  boats.     The  boats  were  not  lowered 
owing  to  lack  of  time. 

15.  Boat  drills  under  oars  were  held. 

16.  Very  well,  considering  the  fact  that  many  of  the  men  had  had  no  experience  in 
pulling  boats  before  this  cruise  started. 

17.  This  exercise  was  performed  in  a  very  seamanlike  manner.     This  drill  was  held 
very  unexpectedly  and  took  the  men  completely  by  surprise. 

18.  Yes. 

19.  With  few  exceptions  trie  bags  and  hammocks  were  found  to  be  in  good  condition, 
Dirty  clothes  were  found  in  a  number  of  bags.     The  uniforms  were  fairly  clean  and  all 
were  marked. 

20.  The  bedding  was  clean  and  properly  marked. 

21.  (a)  The  hull  is  in  a  surprisingly  good  state  of  preservation.     Slight  pitting 
exists  in  the  bilges  and  on  some  of  the  frames,  but  no  marks  of  serious  deterioration  are 
visible.     A  small  amount  of  water  was  found  in  the  bilges. 

(6)  The  engines  and  boilers  are  in  excellent  condition  and  are  practically  in  as  good 
condition  as  when  installed. 

22.  The  engine  and  fire  rooms  are  in  good  condition.     Dirty  water  was  found  in  all 
the  bilges  under  these  compartments. 

23.  The  forward  guns  are  in  poor  condition,  the  bores  of  which  are  badly  worn  and 
show  extensive  erosion.     The  sights  mounted  on  these  guns  are  obsolete.     The  after 
guns  are  virtually  as  good  as  when  installed.     Spare  parts  and  accessories  are  in  good 
condition. 

24.  Boats  are  in  good  condition,  except  the  steamer.     The  hull  of  the  steamer  is 
rotten  and  is  beyond  repair.     It  is  recommended  that  the  steamer  be  replaced  by  a 
motor  boat  of  large  carrying  capacity. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  75 

25.  The  signal  apparatus,  including  semaphore  machine,  ardois,  flags,  etc.,  is  m 
excellent  condition.     The  signal  force  is  noticeably  weak  in  sending  and  receiving 
signals;  out  of  six  men  there  are  only  two  who  are  able  to  send  and  receive  with  any 
degree  of  accuracy.    The  signal  officer,  Ensign  E.  S.  Chellis,  showed  marked  profi- 
ciency in  signals. 

26.  The  electrical  apparatus  is  in  excellent  condition. 

27.  The  ship's  radio  set  was  removed  a  few  months  ago.     A  small  set  installed  by 
one  of  the  crew  was  used  on  this  trip  with  great  success. 

28.  It  is  quite  apparent  that  every  effort  is  being  made  to  keep  the  ship  in  a  desirable 
state  of  preservation. 

29.  It  is  to  be  deplored  that  more  time  could  not  have  been  given  to  ship's  drills, 
since  in  the  case  of  the  crew  of  the  Wolverine  much  benefit  would  have  resulted. 
Considering  the  inexperience  of  the  men  and  the  limited  time  available  on  thh  cruise 
for  the  proper  instruction  of  new  men,  the  consummation  of  the  cruise  found  the  men  ia 
a  far  more  efficient  state  than  when  the  cruise  started.     The  commanding  officer  and 
executive  officer  have  worked  assiduously  in  behalf  of  this  organization,  and  the 
efficient  state  of  the  organization  is  the  result  of  their  unflagging  energy. 

WASHINGTON— U.  S.  S.  MILWAUKEE. 
Commander  J.  M.  REEVES,  United  States  Navy. 

1.  Complying  with  department's  instructions,  the  following  general  report,  cover- 
ing the  performance  and  duty  of  the  Naval  Militia  of  the  State  of  Washington,  is 
submitted : 

2.  It  is  difficult  to  make  a  report  of  this  character  that  will  be  of  real  value  to  the 
department  and  at  the  same  time  do  justice  to  the  militia  organization.     It  is  not 
thought  practicable  to  judge  the  militia  by  the  standard  of  efficiency  of  the  Naval 
Service;  on  the  other  hand,  it  is  not  desired  to  submit  a  report  of  an  over  complimen- 
tary character  to  the  militia  organization,  as  such  a  report  would  be  valueless  to  the 
department  and  unjust  to  all  concerned.     In  this  report  an  endeavor  will  therefore 
be  made  to  comment  on  the  militia  from  the  standpoint  of  what  it  is  believed  they 
should  know,  having  consideration  for  the  limited  amount  of  experience  and  time  at 
their  disposal. 

3.  The  organization  of  the  Washington  Militia  is  excellent,  based  upon  the  organi- 
zation in  divisions  aboard  ship.     This  appears  the  only  practicable  organization 
and  the  commanding  officer  can  make  no  suggestions  for  improvement.     As  to  dis- 
cipline,  cleanliness,  and  adaptability,   there  is  a  wide  range  for  comment.     The 
organization  appears  to  comprise  young  men  of  about  the  same  grade  as  those  com- 
prising the  regular  enlisted  force  of  the  Navy.     They  are,  in  general,  men  of  intelli- 
gence and  good  character.     The  commanding  officer  was  greatly  gratified  by  the 
conduct  of  these  men  while  on  shore  on  liberty  in  Honolulu.     It  was  almost  without 
exception  exemplary,  and  to  quote  from  a  press  report:  "They  behave  like  men  on 
shore."     Aboard  ship  there  were  naturally  many  infractions  of  regulations  and  disci- 
pline of  a  minor  character,  almost  entirely  due  to  ignorance  and  lack  of  familiarity. 
The  men  were  willing  and  did  no  grumbling  at  any  of  the  duties  required  of  them. 
As  to  the  military  discipline  existing  in  the  organization  itself  it  naturally  is  much 
below  that  of  the  regular  service.     It  is  believed  that  this  is  almost  wholly  due  to  the 
inexperience  of  the  officers;  to  their  personal  acquaintance  and  association,  and  famil- 
iarity with  the  men  of  their  divisions.     It  must  be  remembered  that  the  officers 
themselves,  with  few  exceptions,  are  as  lacking  and  unfamiliar  with  military  disci- 
pline as  the  men  themselves. 

4.  As  to  cleanliness,  much  improvement  could  be  made.     The  men  naturally  are 
not  accustomed  to  scrub  their  own  clothes,  nor  are  they  familiar  with  ship  life.     For 
this  reason  they  became  dirty  much  more  quickly  than  the  regular  men.     It  is  believed 
that  the  rough  weather  the  first  day  of  the  cruise  with  consequent  general  seasickness 
lasting  for  several  days  had  much  to  do  in  producing  a  lack  of  cleanliness  in  the  militia 
organization.     The  seasick  men  naturally  sought  every  corner  about  the  decks  where 
they  lay  down  regardless  of  the  condition  of  their  clothes  or  hammocks.     To  this 
heavy  weather  at  the  early  part  of  the  cruise  is  attributed  in  large  measured  certain 
amount  of  the  confusion  with  the  hammocks  and  clothing  on  the  men,  and  to  their 
lack  of  cleanly  appearance. 

5.  As  to  adaptability,  the  commanding  officer  believes  these  men  to  be  as  adaptable 
as  could  be  expected  from  this  class  of  men.     The  experience  the  men  have  had  is 
exceedingly  slight  and  at  present  is  of  no  considerable  value  in  making  them  adapta- 
ble to  sea  life  and  routine  work  on  a  man-of-war. 


76  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

6.  Many  suggestions  for  the  future  improvement  of  the  organization  could  be  made, 
but  it  is  believed  that  many  would  be  impracticable.  It  is  believed  that  the  drills 
and  work  of  the  militia  organization  under  their  own  officers  throughout  the  year 
are  of  very  slight  importance  compared  with  the  experience  gained  on  their  annual 
cruise.  While  some  improvement  might  be  gained  by  the  detail  of  a  regular  officer 
of  the  Navy  as  instructor  or  inspector,  it  is  not  thought  that  this  would  be  considerable. 
It  is  difficult  to  see  how  military  discipline  and  efficiency  can  be  developed  beyond 
a  certain  point  when  the  officers  engaged  in  this  endeavor  are  themselves  lacking  in 
experience  in  these  respects.  Furthermore,  the  organization  is  more  or  less  volun- 
tary, and  allowance  for  that  has  always  to  be  made.  It  is  believed  that  great  im- 
portance and  greater  attention  should  be  given  to  the  annual  cruise  of  the  Naval 
Militia  for  the  reason  as  stated  above.  This  experience,  though  brief,  is  considered 
of  greater  value  than  the  combined  experience  throughout  the  year.  Judging  from 
the  experience  of  the  cruise  just  completed  it  is  believed  better  results  could  be 
obtained  by  taking  out  a  smaller  number  of  militiamen  on  a  single  ship.  Under  no 
circumstances  should  two  State  organizations  be  sent  out  together.  While  there 
was  no  friction  whatsoever  between  the  organizations  on  the  Milwaukee,  the  large 
numbers  made  it  difficult  to  accomplish  results  that  could  have  been  attained  with 
a  smaller  number  of  men.  The  policy  followed  on  this  cruise  is  now  believed  to 
have  been  a  mistaken  one,  but  one  that  was  made  more  or  less  necessary  by  the  present 
system.  This  policy  consisted  in  an  effort  to  give  the  officers  all  training  and  experi- 
ence possible  under  supervision  in  the  exercise,  control,  and  drilling  of  their  own 
men  and  divisions.  While  it  was  foreseen  that  the  results,  so  far  as  the  men  them- 
selves were  concerned,  would  by  this  method  be  less  satisfactory  than  if  the  men 
had  been  taken  in  charge  by  the  regular  officers,  it  was  believed  that  this  would  be 
more  than  offset  by  the  experience  gained  by  the  militia  officers.  This  policy  was 
adopted  partially  because  of  suggestions  received  by  the  commanding  officer  pre- 
vious to  the  cruise.  These  suggestions  in  general  were  to  the  effect  that  if  the  militia 
officers  were  trained  and  given  experience  that  this  training  and  experience  would  in 
time  be  imparted  to  the  men  themselves.  The  commanding  officer  is  now  of  the 
opinion  from  the  experience  gained  on  this  cruise  that  such  a  system  is  impossible 
of  success.  It  is  easier  to  train  the  men  than  the  officers.  The  training  of  the  officer 
is  no  simple  matter,  and  it  is  believed  it  can  not  be  accomplished  in  two  or  three 
weeks'  cruise  once  a  year.  It  is  believed  that  the  men  of  the  militia  organization, 
if  removed  from  the  command  of  their  own  officers,  could  in  a  short  time  be  made 
useful.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is  believed  that  the  officers  themselves,  if  removed 
from  their  own  men,  and  the  existing  difficulties  incident  to  commanding  and  han- 
dling green  and  inexperienced  men,  could  advance  more  in  knowledge  and  experi- 
ence. In  other  words,  both  men  and  the  officers  are  handicapped,  the  men  by  being 
commanded  by  officers  little  more  experienced  than  themselves,  the  officers  by 
endeavoring  to  handle  and  drill  men  of  practically  no  experience  whatever.  There- 
fore, it  is  suggested  on  future  cruises  the  militia  organizations  be  sent  to  ships  in 
regular  commission,  not  more  than  one  division  of  a  State  organization  being  placed 
aboard  the  same  ship.  These  men  should  be  broken  up  as  a  division  and  distributed 
through  the  ship's  company  in  order  that  only  a  half  dozen  or  more  militiamen  be  under 
the  command  of  a  single  officer.  This  will  enable  greater  personal  attention  being 
given  the  militiamen.  The  militia  officers  should  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  mili- 
tiamen on  the  cruise,  but  should  devote  themselves  entirely  to  their  own  training 
and  acquisition  of  experience.  It  is  recognized  that  this  suggestion  is  directly  con- 
trary to  the  ideas  and  general  desires  of  the  militia  officers,  but  it  is  believed  that 
the  officers  themselves  are  but  poor  judges  of  the  training  in  which  they  stand  in  need. 
This  training,  after  all,  is  not  for  the  benefit  of  the  militia  or  militia  organization, 
but  for  the  benefit  of  the  naval  service  at  large,  whereby  men  of  certain  training  and 
experience  are  to  be  made  available  for  use  in  case  of  actual  war. 

CRUISES  OF  IT.  S.  S.  RHODE  ISLAND. 

CONNECTICUT,  DISTRICT  OP  COLUMBIA,  MAINE,  MISSOURI,  NEW  JERSEY,NORTH  CAROLINA, 
PENNSYLVANIA,  AND  RHODE  ISLAND. 

Capt.  C.  S.  WILLIAMS,  United  States  Navy. 
|See  Appendices  A,  B;<C,  D,  E,  F,  G,  H,  1,  and  J,  pp.  88-106. 

1.  On  June  20,  while  at  the  Boston  Navy  Yard,  word  was  received  from  the  depart- 
ment that  the  Rhode  Island  had  been  selected  to  make  two  cruises  with  the  Naval 
Militia  of  various  States  and  we  were  directed  to  prepare  to  receive  between  500  and  550 
men  of  various  Naval  Militia  organizations  for  each  cruise. 

2.  Before  leaving. Boston  234  enlisted  men  were  transferred  to  the  receiving  ship  at 
Boston  and  8  commissioned  officers  (7  ensigns  and  1  medical  officer)  were  also  ordered 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  77 

to  the  North  Carolina.     In  addition,  1  ensign  and  1  lieutenant  were  detached  for  duty 
with  the  Naval  Militia  on  board  the  torpedo  boats  Rogers  and  Duppnt,  respectively. 

3.  Upon  arriving  at  Hampton  Roads  the  marine  detachment,  with  the  exception  of 
one  corporal  and  four  privates,  were,  on  July  5,  sent  to  Camp  Winthrop  for  small-arms 
target  practice.     Both  marine  officers  accompanied  the  detachment.     In  all,  12  com- 
missioned officers  and  288  enlisted  men  (including  marines)  were  landed  from  the 
ship,  leaving  on  board  28  officers  (including  warrant  officers  and  pay  clerks)  and  516 
enlisted  men  (including  marines).     In  general,  the  enlisted  men  landed  were  in  the 
lower  ratings  and  the  battle  organization,  in  so  far  as  was  practicable  with  the  detail, 
was  preserved. 

4.  As  soon  as  the  preliminary  orders  mentioned  in  paragraph  1  were  received,  I 
began  a  correspondence  with  the  commanding  officers  of  the  militia  organizations  con- 
cerned with  a  view  to  determining  the  number  and  ranks  of  officers  and  number  and 
rates  of  men  from  each  organization  who  were  expected  to  participate  in  the  cruise,  to 
the  end  that  suitable  accommodations  might  be  provided  for  officers,  and  at  least 
general  plans  might  be  made  for  berthing,  messing,  and  stationing  the  men.     Arrange- 
ments were  made  by  subsequent  correspondence  for  embarkation,  and  a  number  of 
details  affecting  the  convenience  of  the  personnel,  their  equipment,  etc.,  were  agreed 
upon. 

5.  This  preliminary  correspondence  showed  that  the  large  number  of  militia  officers 
would  tax  accommodations  to  the  utmost.     But  13  regular  berths  were  available  for  the 
41  officers  and  2  correspondents  on  the  first  cruise,  and  41  officers  and  1  correspondent 
on  the  second  one.     Transoms  and  couches  were  utilized  as  far  as  they  went,  and  about 
20  officers  were  berthed  on  field  cots  placed  in  the  admiral's  compartments.     Bathing 
and  washing  facilities  and  stowage  for  clothing  and  personal  effects  were  problems 
more  difficult  of  solution  than  the  provision  of  berths,  but  after  considerable  study  and 
improvisation  facilities  were  provided  which,  while  necessarily  inadequate,  offered  a 
fair  degree  of  convenience  and  comfort,  provided  each  officer  adhered  to  the  arrange- 

"ments. 

The  arrangements  were  put  on  a  quartering  bill  (copy  attached  hereto)  (pp.  88-89, 
marked  "A"),  and  from  this  a  billet  was  prepared  for  each  officer  and  handed  him, 
together  with  other  information,  in  an  envelope  marked  with  his  name,  when  he 
.stepped  over  the  gangway.  It  will  be  noted  from  the  quartering  bill  that  it  was 
found  necessary  to  set  the  wardroom  table  twice  for  each  meal.  On  the  first  cruise, 
where  there  were  fewer  militia  warrant  officers,  the  wardroom  table  was  filled  to  maxi- 
mum capacity  twice  for  each  meal. 

6.  It  was  decided  that  because  of  the  large  number  of  enlisted  militiamen  expected 
it  would  be  impracticable  either  to  distribute  them  all  among  the  vacancies  created 
by  the  temporary  transfer  of  the  members  of  the  ship's  company,  or  to  attempt  the 
general  adoption  of  the  "running-mate"  plan.     It  was,  of  course,  necessary  to  assign 
ship's  numbers  for  the  purpose  of  organization,  and  a  combination  of  various  plans  was 
adopted,  viz: 

(a)  Vacancies  in  ship's  crew  were  filled  by  militiamen. 

(6)  Many  numbers  were  duplicated — i.  e.,  in  these  cases  the  "running-mate"  plan 
was  effected;  in  some  cases  three  or  more  men  held  identical  numbers. 

(c)  Owing  to  disproportionate  numbers  in  ratings  in  many  cases  numbers  were  not 
assigned,  but  billets  showed  only  divisions  and  sections  in  which  men  stood  watch. 

7.  Billets  and  station  bills  were  prepared  in  advance,  and  as  soon  as  practicable 
after  arrival  of  the  men,  names  were  entered  on  each.     The  general  procedure  for  the 
reception  and  organizing  the  detachments  is  illustrated  in  the  attached  memorandum 
(pp.  90,  91,  marked  "  B"),  a  copy  of  which  was  given  each  ship's  officer  before  the  militia 
came  aboard,  and  a  copy  inclosed  in  each  militia  officer's  envelope  mentioned  in  para- 
graph 5.    This  procedure  was  strictly  followed  on  both  cruises,  and  the  work  of  billeting 
went  off  smoothly  and  expeditiously  in  all  cases  where  the  number  and  rates  of  the  men 
received  was  approximately  the  same  as  indicated  by  prior  correspondence.    This  was 
the  case  in  all  but  the  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia  organizations.     The 
former  expected  to  bring  161,  and  brought  135,  and  ratings  did  not  tally  closely.     In 
the  District  of  Columbia  organization,  174  men  reported,  though  the  ship  had  been 
advised  by  the  commanding  officer  of  the  organization  that  120  men  would  come,  and 
no  intimation  to  the  contrary  was  received  up  to  the  time  the  organization  reported  on 
board.     This  required  extensive  revisions  of  all  plans  regarding  the  assignments  of 
this  detachment.     No  notice  whatever  reached  the  ship  regarding  the  coming  of  the 
Missouri  militia  until  about  12  hours  before  their  arrival  on  board,  but  as  they  were 
comparatively  few  in  number  this  did  not  matter  materially. 

8.  It  will  be  noted  from  the  attached  memorandum  (pp.  90-91,  marked  "  B")  that 
two  wide  departures  were  made  from  the  general  plans  of  organization  outlined  therein: 

(a)  The  militiamen  mustered  on  board  with  the  organizations  with  which  they  custo- 
marily mustered  ashore.  It  was  thought  that  with  the  large  number  of  men  in  any"  one 


78  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

organization,  all  strangers  to  the  ship's  officers,  musters  would  be  delayed  and  probably 
unreliable,  had  the  District  of  Columbia  militia,  for  example,  merged  \\ith  the  ship's 
second  division  for  purposes  of  muster.  Further,  the  militias  were  known  to  differ  in 
their  own  internal  organizations,  and  any  one  plan  adopted  for  muster  would  have  in 
Bom  e  cases  separated  officers  from  the  men  whom  they  knew,  further  complicating  the 
muster.  Ihe  ship's  organization  was  explained  to  the  militia  officers,  and  it  was 
pointed  out  how  the  plan  in  this  respect  differed  from  what  would  have  been  done  had 
smaller  detachments  come  on  board  for  duty  and  been  distributed  among  the  ship's 
organization. 

(6)  The  militias  were  formed  into  messes  entirely  distinct  from  the  ship's  messes. 
It  is  believed  that  tfiis  is  not  desirable  when  avoidable.  However,  it  was  found  that 
the  total  messing  facilities  would  be  taxed  to  capacity,  and  each  table  must  seat  its 
full  quota,  To  effect  this  the  chip's  company  messes  were  consolidated  before  the 
militia  came  on  board,  and  the  militia  organizations  were  divided  into  blocks  of  24 
men  each  and  new  messes  formed.  Another  reason  for  having  the  militia  messed 
separately  was  that  during  the  first  and  last  parts  of  each  cruise  only  a  part  of  the  militia 
organizations  were  on  board.  As  soon  as  an  organization  came  or  left  its  messes  were 
established  or  discontinued;  hence  at  all  times  there  were  the  minimum  number  of 
full  messes  in  operation  instead  of  the  total  number  of  partly  filled  messes. 

9.  As  suggested  in  paragraph  7  of  the  bureau's  letter  of  June  24,  the  gunnery  officer, 
Lieut.  W.  R.  Van  Auken,  was  detailed  to  look  out  for  the  Naval  Militia.     He  devoted 
practically  his  entire  time  to  this  duty.     There  were,  however,  so  many  officers  and 
men  to  be  instructed  and  exercised  that  all  but  the  absolutely  necessary  details  of 
ship's  routine  were  made  secondary,  and  every  line  officer  aboard  devoted  all  practi- 
cable time  to  instructing  the  mil  itif  men  in  hisown  department  or  own  division,  orin  so 
specialty,  and  Lieut.  "Van  Auken's  duty  in  this  connection,  outside  of  gunnery  work, 
was  devoted  principally  to  coordinating  the  efforts  of  all  officers  (see  J,  pp.  304-106). 

10.  Navigational  classes  were  formed  at  the  outset  of  each  cruise.     The  general  plan 
is  indicated  by  the  attached  memorandum,  dated  July  7  (p.  91,  marked  "  C").   As  time 
went  on  it  was  found  desirable  not  to  adhere  strictly  to  the  schedule  as  regards  periods, 
but,  on  the  \\hole,  moretimethan  thescleduleindicateswasdevoted  tothisinstruction, 
and  lam  confident  that  every  militia  officer  received  all  the  assistance  and  encourage- 
men^  in  this  work  that  he  desired.     The  interest  taken  by  the  individuals  naturally 
varied  greatly.     Lieut.  Pence  devoted  considerable  time  out  of  the  assigned  periods, 
during  the  second  cruise,  to  individual  instruction  of  members,  or  groups  of  members,  of 
his  class.    During  the  first  cruise  Ensign  Seiller  was  detailed  to  assist  Ensign  King,  after 
the  fact  developed  that  the  elementary  class  was  too  large  for  one  instructor  to  handle 
to  advantage.     Reports  from  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King  are  appended,  marked 
"D"  (pp.  91-93)  and  "E"  (p.  94),  respectively. 

H.  After  the  organizations  had  time  to  become  settled  on  board,  I  conferred  with 
the  commanding  officers  and  requested  their  views  as  to  what  duties,  beyond  work 
necessary  to  handling  their  own  personnel,  the  various  officers  should  be  assigned. 
It  was  recognized  by  all  that  the  large  number  of  officers  to  be  dealt  with  made  the 
desirable  degree  of  individual  instruction  out  of  the  question,  and  the  benefits  to  be 
derived  from  the  cruise  would  have  to  depend  in  a  measure  upon  the  interest  and 
initiative  of  the  militia  officers  themselves.  The  assignment  of  engineer,  medical, 
and  pay  officers  presented  no  difficulties,  and  the  same  was  the  case  largely  with  the 
gunnery  and  navigating  officers  of  those  organizations  having  officers  so  assigned. 
The  commanding  and  executive  officers  were  left  largely  to  their  own  devices,  except 
in  so  far  as  their  services  were  required  in  connection  with  their  personnel.  They 
were  informed  that  the  ship's  officers  were  ready  and  willing  to  assist  and  advise  in  all 
ways  as  far  as  their  own  duties  permitted.  Some  of  the  ranking  militia  officers  availed 
themselves  of  this  offer  to  the  full  extent;  others  apparently  were  content  to  learn 
from  observation  only.  A  considerable  number  of  the  watch  and  division  officers 
were  assigned  to  duty  as  junior  officers  of  the  deck.  Their  interest  and  their  attention 
to  their  relatively  unimportant  duties  in  this  connection  varied  widely.  On  the  first 
cruise  the  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia  officers  requested  permission  to  be 
relieved  from  all  watch  standing  during  the  stay  in  Bermuda  in  order  that  they  might 
take  full  advantage  of  the  opportunity  for  shore  going.  They  did  not  voluntarily 
resume  their  watches  when  the  ship  left  Bermuda,  nor  did  they  stand  watch  again 
until  directed,  on  the  following  day.  It  is  probable  that  some  of  the  militia  officers 
came  aboard  with  the  expectation  that  they  or  their  subordinates  were  to  be  intrusted 
with  greater  responsibilities  than  were  assigned  them.  In  this  connection  I  was  unwill- 
ing to  intrust  the  deck  to  officers  of  whose  ability  I  had  no  knowledge  and  none  of 
whom,  as  far  as  I  learned,  had  ever  qualified  by  examination  or  otherwise  for  the 
grades  they  held.  It  was  my  intention  to  estimate  their  ability  by  the  results  of  their 
first  few  days'  work  as  junior  officers  of  the  deck,  and  later  to  assign  the  ones  who 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  79 

appeared  qualified  to  duty  as  officer  of  the  deck,  with  a  ship's  officer  at  hand  to  advise 
or  assist  when  necessary.  On  the  first  cruise  the  interest  shown  in  watch  standing 
was,  in  general,  so  casual  that  this  plan  was  not  carried  out.  On  the  second  cruise 
there  were  so  many  officers  whose  commanding  officers  desired  given  experience  in 
watch  standing  that,  though  two  at  a  time  stood  watch,  it  was  necessary,  in  order  to 
give  all  a  chance,  to  replace  the  first  detail  before  I  had  an  opportunity  to  judge 
whether  they  might  safely  be  assigned  to  duty  as  officer  of  the  deck.  Reports  from  the 
Engineer  officer  of  the  ship  and  from  the  medical  officers  present  during  the  first 
and  second  cruise,  respectively,  are  appended,  marked  "F"  (p.  94),  and  "G"  (p.  97), 
and  "H"  (p.  98). 

12.  The  District  of  Columbia  Militia,  12  officers  and  174  men,  came  aboard  in  Hamp- 
ton Roads  during  the  morning  watch  July  6,  transportation  from  dock  to  ship  being 
effected  by  the  ship's  boats.    At  11.30  a.  m.  the  same  day  the  North  Carolina  Militia, 
19  officers  and  132  men,  came  on  board,  via  a  tug  from  the  navy  yard,  Norfolk,  and  the 
ship  sailed  from  Hampton  Roads  at  4. 20  p.  m.,  arriving  at  Snip  John,  Del.,  at  11.15 
a.  m.  the  following  day.     On  the  morning  of  this  day  a  routine  of  drills  and  exercises 
was  begun.    A  copy  of  the  daily  drill  schedules  for  both  cruises  is  appended,  marked 
"  I "  (pp.  98-104).    Navigational  instruction  was  also  begun  on  this  day.    Navigational 
instruction  does  not  appear  on  the  drill  schedule  except  on  the  days  when  the  routine 
established  by  the  memorandum  mentioned  in  paragraph  10  "  C  "  (p.  91),  was  for  some 
reason  amended. 

13.  The  drill  schedules  show  the  nature  and  amount  of  the  drills  and  exercises  under- 
taken.   The  schedule  for  the  day  was  prepared  late  the  preceding  night,  after  confer- 
ence among  the  ship's  officers,  and  copies  distributed  early  in  the  morning  in  order 
that  all  concerned  might  know  the  order  of  events  of  the  day  and  might  also  have  an 
opportunity  to  prepare  themselves  by  consultation  with  ship's  officers,  reference  to 
ship's  bills  or  to  drill  books,  etc.,  for  the  work  laid  out.     These  schedules  were,  in 
general,  closely  followed,  but  were  added  to  during  the  day  as  opportunity  offered. 
For  example,  when  on  soundings,  the  militia  quartermasters  were  exercised,  at  deep- 
sea  sounding  machines,  and  militia  coxswains  at  heaving  the  lead. 

14.  Owing  to  the  comparatively  small  number  of  men  of  the  ship's  company  on 
board  it  was  thought  necessary  for  t'he  deck  force  to  stand  watch  and  watch  at  sea 
throughout  the  cruise  and  the  engineer  force  stood  watch  in  three.     The  militia  stood 
watch  in  four  sections  on  deck  and  watch   in   three  in   the  engineer  department. 
During  the  first  cruise  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  getting  the  watch  on  deck  at 
night,  and  as  far  as  the  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia  Militias  were  con- 
cerned, the  task  was  eventually  practically  given  up  as  hopeless.     In  this  connection 
it  should  be  noted  that  there  are  not  nearly  enough  billets  for  the  ship's  regular  com- 
plement, and  with  the  excess  number  of  men  on  board  during  these  cruises  several 
hundred  men  slept  where  they  best  could.     However,  it  was  apparent  that  on  the 
parts  of  many  of  the  men  of  the  two  organizations  mentioned  there  was  a  deliberate 
disposition  to  avoid   night  watches,  and  the  officers  of  the  organizations  failed  to 
correct  it.     This  lack  did  not  much  matter  on  deck,  where  there  were  sufficient  men 
in  the  ship's  force  to  meet  ordinary  emergencies.     In  the  engineer  department  the 
lack  was  seriously  felt  both  day  and  night  when  the  ship  was  under  way,  as  a  con- 
siderable number  of  the  ship's  firemen  and  coal  passers  had  been  transferred  prior  to 
the  cruise  to  make  room  for  the  militiamen.     Pursuant  to  the  Department's  orders, 
a  number  of  sentry  posts  were  established  during  each  cruise,  and  here  the  same  in- 
difference was  manifested  on  the  part  of  the  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia 
men,  and  the  difference  between  their  conception  of  attention  to  duty  and  that  of  the 
men  of  the  other  organizations  could  be  more  readily  marked,  as  the  posts  were  com- 
paratively few  in  number  and  were  under  observation  continuously  or  were  visited  at 
short  intervals. 

15.  At  about  3  p.  m.  on  July  7,  the  Vixen  with  the  Pennsylvania  detachment,  5 
officers  and  93  men,  and  the  Second  Battalion  of  New  Jersey,  5  officers  and  99  men, 
came  to  anchor  near  the  Rhode  Island,  and  the  militiamen  were  transported  by  the 
sbip's  boats,  ,the  ship  getting  under  way  for  Bermuda  at  5.12  p.  m. 

16.  The  voyage  to  Bermuda  was  uneventful,  except  that  for  about  24  hours  there 
was  enough  motion  to  cause  so  much  seasickness  that  exercises  were  not  well  attended. 
The  ship  anchored  off  Ireland  Island  at  9.15  a.  m  July  10.     A  liberty  party  consisting 
of  one-half  the  ship's  company  and  one-half  the  militiamen  was  landed,  soon  after 
noon  in  the  ship's  boats  and  in  a  tug  courteously  put  at  the  disposal  of  the  ship  by 
the  senior  officer  present  of  the  British  Navy.     A  large  steamer  was  chartered  for 
returning  the  liberty  party  on  this  day  and  for  landing  and  returning  the  liberty 
party,  consisting  of  the  other  half  of  the  men,  on  the  succeeding  day.     Liberty  on  both 
days  expired  at  sundown.     From  casual  observation  I  judged  that  the  conduct  of  the 
militia  liberty  parties  was  very  good,  their  behavior  being  about  the  "same  as  that  of 

64628°— 14 6 


80  NAVAL    MILITIA   CEUISES   1914. 

our  own  crew.  No  complaints  of  any  description  were  received  from  the  authorities 
of  the  port.  The  liberty  parties  were  so  arranged  that  the  gun's  crews  of  two  militia 
organizations  were  kept  on  board  each  day  and  loading  and  dotter  drills  were  held  by 
them  during  the  afternoons.  Boat  drills  were  held  by  all  organizations  during  the 
forenoon  of  the  second  day. 

17.  The  ship  left  Bermuda  at  noon  on  July  12  and  anchored  in  Tangier  Round  at 
9.15  a.  m.  July  15.     On  the  return  voyage  one  half  day  was  devoted  to  the  preparation 
of  customs  declarations,  but  the  organizations  so  alternated  in  this  work  that  prepara- 
tions and  rehearsals  for  target  practice  were  not  seriously  interrupted.     It  was  expected 
that  the  firing  would  be  begun  on  the  day  of  arrival,  but  the  moderately  rough  weather 
and  frail  construction  of  the  target  rafts  delayed  the  program  for  24  hours.     Firing  was 
begun  about  noon  of  the  16th.     There  were  further  delays  incidental  to  rough  weather 
and  frail  rafts,  and  the  practice  was  finally  completed  just  before  dark  on  the  17th,  and 
the  range  dismantled  in  the  evening. 

Full  reports  of  scores  have  been  submitted.  Suggestions  regarding  militia  target 
rafts  are  made  subject  of  separate  correspondence.  The  gunnery  officer's  report  on 
militia  cruises,  with  special  reference  to  gunnery  training  and  target  practices,  is 
appended,  marked  "J"  (pp.  104-106). 

18.  The  delays  in  target  practice  referred  to  in  paragraph  17,  and  the  fact  that  the 
ehip  required  coal  to  carry  out  the  remainder  of  the  schedule  of  the  cruise,  made  it 
impracticable  to  hold  drills  in  Tangier  Sound  as  had  been  contemplated.     The   hip 
sailed  for  Hampton  Roads  at  about  6  a.  m.  on  July  18  and  arrived  about  noon.     Through 
prior  arrangement  with  the  Public  Health  Service  pratique  was  granted  by  radio  and 
arrangements  were  also  made  by  radio,  via  the  navy  yard,  for  customs  inspections 
immediately  upon  arrival  at  Hampton  Roads.     Coaling  was  begun  in  the  morning 
watch,  Sunday,  July  19.     The  North  Carolina  Militia  left  the  ship  at  8  a.  m.  via  navy 
yard  tugs.    The  remaining  militiamen  participated  in  the  coaling.     One  thousand 
three  hundred  and  ninety  tons  were  taken  aboard  in  about  9£  hours  elapsed  time — a 
satisfactory  performance  under  the  circumstances. 

19.  The  District  of  Columbia  militia  disembarked  at  8.30  a.  m.  on  the  following 
day,  July  20.     The  day  was  necessarily  given  up  to  cleaning  ship  after  coaling  and  no 
work,  other  than  instruction  in  navigation,  was  attempted.     In  the  afternoon  the  ship 
left  for  Ship  John,  where  the  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  militias  boarded  yard  tugs 
the  following  forenoon,  July  21,  and  the  ship  left  at  once  for  New  Haven,  Conn. 

20.  Anchor  was  dropped  of  New  Haven  breakwater  in  the  afternoon  of  July  22. 
Commander  Hill  (and  other  officers),  of  the  Connecticut  Militia,  boarded  the  ship 
and  discussed  plans  lor  embarkation  and  for  the  cruise.     His  plans  were  already  so 
complete  and  so  well  considered  that  there  was  little  need  of  discussing  them.     During 
his  visit  a  telegram  was  received  stating  that  a  detachment  of  Missouri  Militia  would 
arrive  in  New  Haven  at  1.17  a.  m.     Their  reception  aboard  involved  either  sending 
boats  up  a  long,  narrow,  and  unlighted  channel  leading  to  the  vicinit r  of  the  railroad 
station  or  the  Missouri  men  having  to  find  transportation  for  themselves  and  baggage 
across  town  to  the  regular  docks  in  the  middle  of  the  night.     Commander  Hill,  being 
appealed  to,  promptl  '  made  the  necessary  arrangements  with  the  adjutant  general 
of  Connecticut  to  have  the  Missouri  men  accommodated  in  the  armor  -,  adjacent  to 
the  railroad  station,  for  the'  night,  and  had  a  commissioned  officer  meet  them  and 
conduct  them  there,  and  arranged  all  necessary  details  for  their  embarkation  with 
his  command  the  next  morning. 

21.  The  Connecticut  Militia,  14  officers  and  244  men  (one  more  officer  reported  in 
Nawport  on  Aug.  2),  and  5  officers  and  30  men  of  the  Missouri  Militia  embarked  at 
about  10  a.  m.  July  23.     The  total  number,  with  their  baggage,  was  transported  in  one 
trip  of  the  ship's  boats,  ever/  boat  except  one  dingh  r  being  used  for  the  purpose. 
The  ship  left  New  Haven  for  Newport  at  11  a.  m.,  arriving  at  5  p.  m.    The  Ilhode 
Island  Militia,  11  officers  and  163  men,  came  on  board  at  10  a.  m.  the  following  dav, 
July  24.     The  Newport  detachment  came  alongside  in  a  chartered  launch,  and  the 
remaining  members  of  the  organization  came  from  up  the  bay  in  the  Aileen  and  were 
transshipped  bv  the  Rhode  Island's  boats,  the  ship  leaving  for  Portland  about  one  hour 
later  and  arriving  there  at  3.15  p.  m.  the  following  da  r,  Jul 7  25.     The  Maine  Militia, 
10  officers  and  160  men,  were  brought  on  board  immediately  b  '  the  ship's  boats,  but, 
due  to  delay  in  procuring  a  bill  of  health  and  to  other  causes,  the  ship  remained  at 
anchor  in  the  harbor  until  the  tide  served  the  next  mornin  ,  when,  at  10.30  a.  m.,  the 
ehip  sailed  for  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia. 

22.  On  the  second  cruise  the  same  general  plan  of  billeting  and  organization  was 
adopted  as  set  forth  in  the  memorandum  mentioned  in  paragraph  7  "  B  "  (p.  90),  except 
that  the  large  Connecticut  organization  was  divided  about  equally  and  assigned  to  the 
first  and  second  divisions  of  the  ship's  organization.     The  small  Missouri  detachment 
was  also  assigned  to  the  second  division,  the  Rhode  Island  to  the  third,  and  Maine  to 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CKUISES   1914.  81 

the  fourth.  Instructions  wore  begun  as  soon  as  the  Connecticut  Militia  were  bill*;;.;  !; 
navigation  classes  were  started  on  the  following  (lav  and  general  drills  on  the  da  r 
after.  Reference  has  alre.id  '  been  made  to  the  duties  assigned  to  officer?  on  the  cruise 
(see  par.  11).  At  the  suggestion  of  Commander  Hill  officers  of  the  Connecticut  Militia 
were  assigned  as  assistants  to  the  ship's  patrol  officer  during  the  libertv  periods  in 
Halifax,  and  were  of  material  assistance.  Patrol  dutv  might  well  be  included  in 
future  instructions  to  commanding  officers  conducting  militia  cruises. 

23.  The  ship  anchored  in  Halifax  Harbor  at  about  5  p.  m.  Jul  '  27.     Libert"  was 
granted  on  the  two  succeeding  davs,  from  after  dinner  to  sundown,  one-half  the  total 
complement  of  both  regulars  and  militia  going  ashore  in  the  ship's  boats  on  each  day. 
A?  in  Bermuda,  parties  were  so  arranged  as  to  cause  minimum  amount  of  interference 
with  preparations  for  target  practice,  and  boat  drills  were  held  in  the  forenoons.    Judg- 
ing from  casual  observation  ashore  and  from  reports  at  the  mast  the  conduct  of  the 
militia  libert '  men  was  more  creditable  than  that  of  the  ship's  force.     On  the  afternoon 
of  the  29th  the  American  consul  general  tendered  a  reception  to  the  officers  of  both 
ship  and  militia,  which  was  well  attended. 

24.  The  ship  sailed  from  Halifax  for  Newport  at  9  a.  m.  Jul -r  30  and  ran  into  rough 
weather  as  soon  as  the  open  sea  was  reached.     Seasickness  among  both  officers  and 
men  of  the  militia  was  so  general  throughout  this  da,  r  that  th<>  da v's  work  was  not 
wholl  r  profitable,  though  it  was  noticed  that  the  seasick  officers  and  men  on  this 
cruise  showed  a  more  determined  disposition  to  attend  to  their  assigned  duties  than 
was  the  case  on  the  first  cruise.     The  following  da  r  was  fair  and  customs  declarations 
were  prepared,  following  the  same  procedure  as  on  the  return  from  Bermuda,  men- 
tioned in  paragraph  17.     Arrangements  were  made  b  '  radiogram  to  the  commandant 
to  have  the  ship  visited  by  health  and  customs  authorities  soon  after  anchoring.     The 
ship  anchored  in  Newport  at  7.30  a.  m.  August  1,  the  Zlhode  Island  Militia  disembarked 
early  in  the  forenoon  of  the  following  da  -,  August  2,  and  3  oiticers  and  22  men  of  the 
Missouri  detachment  disembarked  in  the  evening. 

25.  The'ship  left  Newport  at  8  a.  m.  August  3,  anchoring  in  Gardiners  Ba~r  at  1  p.  m. 
The  target  range  was  laid  out  during  the  afternoon  and  checked  up  during  the  morning 
\vatch  the  following  dav  and  was  ready  for  use  earl    in  the  forenoon,  but  the  weather 
throughout  the  da y  was  too  thick  to  permit  firing.     On  the  following  da    the  practice 
was  begun  in  the  morning  watch,  and  though  there  were  anno  ing  dela  s  due  to 
dragging  of  target  anchors  and  injuries  inflicted  on  targets  by  gunfire,  the  practice 
was  completed  and_ range  dismantled  before  dark. 

26.  On  the  evening  of  this  day  orders  were  receievd  by  radio  to  transport  from 
New  Haven  to  Newport  three  condemned  boats,  belonging  to  the  Connecticut  Militia. 
The  ship  left  for  New  Haven  at  5.3)  a.  m.  on  the  6th,  arriving  at  9.40  a.  m.,  and  a 
party  was  immediately  dispatched  to  secure  the  boats.     From  information  received 
from  the  officers  of  the  Connecticut  Militia  it  seemed  probable  that  this  would  be  a 
long  operation,  owing  to  the  condition  and  location  of  the  boats,  but  the  boats  arrived 
about  the  same  time  as  orders  were  received  from  the  department  to  expedite  the 
landing  of  the  militia  remaining  on  board  and  to  proceed  on  other  duty.    The  Con- 
necticut Militia  and  remainder  of  the  Missouri  detachment  were  disembarked  at 
once  and  the  ship  left  for  Newport  at  5  p.  m.     Dense  fog  caused  the  ship  to  anchor 
on  the  way  and  it  took  until  9.20  the  following  mornin.fr,  August  7,  to  reach   New- 
port, land' the  condemned  boats  and  sail  for  Portland.     Further  delayed  by  fog,  the 
ship  reached  Portland  at  5.20  p.  m.  the  next  day,  August  8,  the  Maine  Militia  disem- 
barked at  6  p.  m.  and  the  ship  sailed  for  Boston  at  7.10  p.  m. 

27.  The  training  and  experience  had  by  the  militia  was  undoubtedly  very  beneficial. 
Many  of  the  militia  officers  voluntarily  so  stated,  and  it  was  apparent  to  all  who  had 
the  militia  under  observation.     Yet,  the  possible  educational  value  of  the  cruises 
was  much  depreciated  because  of  the  large  number  of  militia  on  board  during  each 
cruise.    As  has  been  stated  above,  it  was  necessary  for  the  purpose  of  handling  such 
large  detachments  of  strangers,  to  preserve  the  Naval  Militia  organization  to  a  certain 
extent,  and   to  this  extent  their  relation  to  the  ship's  organization  were  artificial. 
They  not  only  could  not  get  the  maximum  amount  of  actual  experience  in  the  duties 
of  men-of-warsmen,  but  they  probably  received  false  impressions  regarding  organi- 
zation, routine,  and  methods'with  which  they  would  be  expected  to  have  an  acquaint- 
ance if  mustered  into  the  Navy.     Further,  their  large  numbers  ma.le  individual 
instruction  generally  impracticable.     They  had  to  be  handle  1  as  groups  rather  than  as 
individuals,  and  the  natural  consequence  was  that  the  results  of  instruction  varied 
directly  with  the  varying  interest  and  aptitude  of  the  individuals  comprising  the 
group. 

The  ideal  conditions  under  which  a  profitable  cruise  could  be  made  would  be  to 
have  on  board  relatively  so  few  of  the  Naval  Militia  that  at  least  a  large  proportion  of 
the  unrated  men  could  be  assigned  to  existing  vacancies  in  the  ship's  complement, 


82  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

while  petty  officers  could,  if  competent,  fill  vacancies,  or  otherwise  be  carried  as  petty 
officers  in  excess  of  complement  in  their  respective  ratings  and  detailed  as  running 
mates  to  ship's?  petty  officers  of  similar  ratings.  In  other  words,  the  militiamen  would, 
as  far  as  organization,  ship's  work  and  routine  exercises  are  concerned,  lose  their 
identity  as  militiamen,  and  be  treated  in  most  respects  precisely  as  would  a  draft 
of  men  from  the  training  station.  In  this  way  specific  duties  could  be  assigned  and 
their  performance  exacted  at  all  times,  the  relatively  few  men  beino:  under  the  direct 
supervision  of  petty  officers  and  surrounded  by  a  number  of  experienced  men  who 
could  by  example  or  by  direct  assistance  show  them  how  and  when  the  details  of  these 
duties  should  be  performed.  As  it  was  on  these  cruises,  the  experienced  men  were 
surrounded  by  groups  of  inexperienced  strangers,  too  numerous  to  instruct  or  to  con- 
trol. 

The  routine  work  could  be  supplemented  by  individual  or  group  instruction  in 
technical  subjects  during  the  regular  school  periods  and  at  other  available  opportu- 
nities. The  same  could  be  done  with  the  officers  to  an  extent  depending  upon  their 
abilities  and  experience,  the  running-mate  plan  being  adhered  to  in  the  cases  where  it 
seemed  advisable. 

28.  There  is  little  doubt  that  the  cruises  to  foreign  ports  furnished  a  fuller  attend- 
ance of  militiamen  than  would  have  been  the  case  had  the  cruises  offered  fewer 
attractions.     There  are  considerable  grounds  for  suspicion  that  they  attracted  men 
whose  interest  in  militia  affairs  was  confined  to  the  opportunity  for  a  pleasant  vaca- 
tion at  Government  expense.     It  is  suggested  that  it  might  be  practicable  to  deter- 
mine roughly  how  far  these  suspicions  are  justified  by  comparing  three  rosters  of  the 
various  organizations  concerned,  viz: 

(a)  The  one  filed  next  prior  to  the  announcement  regarding  the  cruise. 

(6)  The  roster  of  men  who  made  the  cruise  (this  one  can  be  furnished  by  the  Rhode 
Island). 

(c)  The  next  one  received  after  the  receipt  of  this  report. 

I  think  that  some  such  method  as  suggested  in  this  paragraph  might  be  adopted 
to  determine  whether  the  benefit  of  enlistment  so  obtained  is  real  and  lasting,  and, 
if  not,  whether  some  modification,  such  as  privileges  of  a  foreign  cruise  only  for  men 
of  a  certain  length  of  service,  is  not  advisable.  In  estimating  the  advantages  of  a 
foreign  cruise,  the  following  disadvantages  should  be  weighed: 

(a)  The  diverting  of  attention  of  personnel  during  the  stay  in  port  for  liberty. 
Two  days  were  virtually  lost  during  each  cruise,  except  with  respect  to  training  for 
target  practice.  The  time  of  the  captain  and  of  certain  others  of  the  ship's  officers 
was  more  or  less  taken  up  by  the  customary  exchanges  of  civilities  with  foreign  of- 
ficials. 

(6)  Valuable  time  is  lost  in  preparing  customs  declarations  and  while  undergoing 
customs  inspections,  and  it  is  possible  that  embarrassment  may  ensue,  while  operating 
on  a  close  itinerary,  through  delay  in  such  inspection,  and  under  certain  circumstances 
might  completely  upset  the  itinerary.  The  same  delay  is  possible  while  waiting  for 
pratique. 

29.  The  itinerary  laid  out  by  the  department's  instructions  was  a  very  close  one  to 
which  to  adhere.     This  was  especially  true  with  regard  to  the  limited  time  allowed 
between  the  finish  of  the  first  cruise  and  beginning  of  the  second;  as  it  was,  it  was 
necessary  to  spend  Sunday  in  coaling,  and  but  for  phenominal  absence  of  fog,  con- 
sidering the  locality  and  time  of  the  year,  the  itinerary  of  the  second  cruise  could  not 
have  been  adhered  to,  either  as  to  dates  of  embarkation  or  disembarkation. 

This  matter  of  adherence  to  dates  is  one  of  great  importance  to  the  militia  organiza- 
tions. With  neglible  exceptions  none  of  the  militia  were  embarked  in  their  home 
towns.  Delay  in  arrival  of  the  ship  would  have  completely  upset  their  plans — in 
some  cases  to  the  extent  of  causing  them  to  spend  a  night  in  a  town  in  which  no  public 
accommodations  are  available  and  other  accommodations  are  inadequate.  Delay 
in  disembarkation  would  have  been  even  more  serious.  Many  of  the  militiamen  are 
on  the  cruises  with  a  definite  agreement  with  their  employers  that  they  will  return 
to  their  work  on  a  certain  date  and  it  is  to  their  interest  and  the  interest  of  the  organi- 
zation ,  as  will  be  referred  to  in  the  next  paragraph,  that  there  should  be  no  proba- 
bility of  this  agreement  being  broken.  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  itineraries  of  future 
cruises  should  include  greater  allowances  for  unavoidable  delays,  and.  in  event  of 
successive  cruises,  a  sufficient  interval  for  coaling  and  cleaning  ship. 

30.  The  most  unsatisfactory  situation  that  arose  during  the  cruises  was  due  to 
apparent  misunderstandings  between  the  department  and  the  organization?   as  to 
dates  of  beginning  and  ending  of  their  tours  of  duty  afloat,  though  dates  of  embarkation 
and  disembarkation  were,  except  for  the  Missouri  detachment,  specifically  given  in 
the  department's  letter  4191-61  of  June  17,  1914,  addressed  to  the  adjutants  general, 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  83 

of  which  a  copy  was  shown  me  by  the  commanding  o fficer  of  the  North  Carolina  Militia . 
In  some  cases  the  dates  given  were  interpreted,  by  the  militia  commanders,  as  refer- 
ring to  the  dates  on  which  they  would  leave  and  return  to  their  home  towns;  in  other 
cases,  the  commanders  considered  the  exact  date  of  disembarking  the  organization, 
or  individuals  thereof,  as  inconsequential  from  a  military  standpoint,  lotwithstanding 
these  written  orders,  but  of  gravest  consequence  to  the  interests  of  the  individuals  and 
to  the  welfare  of  the  militia  organizations. 

Though  1  had  not  been  officially  furnished  a  copy  of  the  circular  letter,  I  know- 
its  provisions  and  considered  myself  bound  thereby,  and  was  greatly  embarrassed 
by  the  importunities  of  the  militia  commanders  who  desired  me  to  disregard  it.  As 
has  been  stated  above,  the  militiamen  are  in  many  cases  under  agreement  to  return 
to  their  civil  employment  on  specified  dates,  and  failure  to  keep  their  agreement 
means  possible  loss  of  employment  and  consequent  disrepute  of  the  Naval  Militia 
in  their  home  towns.  The  situation  in  which  the  commander  of  the  Missouri  detach- 
ment found  himself  for  example,  is  shown  by  the  following  radiogram,  one  of  a  number 
which  he  sent  in  his  efforts  to  obtain  permission  to  leave  the  ship  prior  to  the  date 
specified  by  departmental  correspondence: 

"From:  Rhode  Island, 

"To:  Militia,  Washington. 

"Hurried  preparations  for  this  cruise  evidently  caused  misunderstanding.  I 
promised  my  men  and  officers  and  their  employers  to  be  back  in  two  weeks.  It  is 
important  that  promise  be  kept,  both  in  justice  to  men  whose  jobs  are  jeopardized, 
and  as  evidence  of  good  faith,  which  will  have  important  bearing  on  enlistments 
and  on  attendance  on  future  annual  cruises.  Furthermore,  money  allowance  for 
cruise  will  only  cover  two  weeks,  inclusive.  Some  officers  and  men  will  volunteer 
to  remain  until  August  7  without  pay,  but  I  urgently  request  detachment  for  such 
as  must  leave.  Shall  explain  personally  in  Washington.  Adjutant  General  not 
familiar  with  all  details. 

"(Signed)  SCHWARTZ." 

There  were  similar  cases  among  other  organizations.  Holding  the  Connecticut 
Militia  until  the  specified  date  would  have  overdrawn  their  allotment  of  funds.  It 
would  seem  advisable  that  in  the  preparation  for  future  cruises  efforts  be  made  to 
avoid  any  possible  chance  of  misunderstanding  regarding  dates  of  actual  departure 
from  and  return  to  places  of  employment,  and  that  commanding  officers  of  ships 
be  given  discretionary  authority  to  act,  upon  recommendation  of  militia  commanders, 
on  urgent  cases  of  this  sort;  or  else  commanding  officers  of  organizations  be  directed 
to  notify  the  men  of  their  commands  well  in  advance  the  exact  date  of  disembarka- 
tion and  that  no  requests  for  early  detachment  will  be  granted. 

31.  There  was  much  uncertainty  on  the  part  of  all  concerned  regarding  responsi- 
bility for  and  method  of  keeping  the  militia  pay  accounts,  and  much  time  was  spent 
in  correspondence  and  discussion;  even  so  we  were,  up  to  the  end  of  the  cruise,  guess- 
ing as  to  whether  the  procedure  adopted  was  even  approximately  correct.    This 
situation  was  probably  due  to  the  fact  that  the  militia  was  operating  for  the  first  time 
under  a  new  act,  requiring  interpretation. 

It  would  seem  desirable  before  the  next  cruise  to  have  detailed  instructions  regard- 
ing pay  accounts,  method  of  preparing  pay  rolls,  etc.,  put  in  the  hands  of  all  naval 
and  militia  officers  concerned.  In  this  connection  it  is  suggested  that,  if  practicable, 
the  settlement  of  accounts,  as  far  as  may  be  necessary  to  permit  payment  of  officers' 
mess  bills  be  expedited.  Militia  officers  who  left  the  ship  on  July  20  are  still  indebted 
at  this  time,  September  8,  to  the  wardroom  mess  alone  to  the  amount  of  $294,  a  sum 
which  constitutes  a  financial  burden  on  the  mess. 

32.  Early  in  the  first  cruise  the  problem  of  disciplining  the  members  of  the  militia 
organizations  arose,  and  I  could  find  no  direct  solution  either  in  the  Navy  Regula- 
tions or  the  Naval  Militia  act,  inasmuch  as  the  militia  was  not  operating  as  a  part  of 
the  Navy,  as  provided  for  in  certain  sections  of  the  act.     The  only  part  of  the  regula- 
tions which  seems,  by  analogy,  to  have  any  bearing  on  the  matter  is  section  4  of  chapter 
35.     After  due  consideration  of  its  provisions  I  decided  that  militia  courts-martial 
could  not  be  held  on  board  this  ship;  and  that  punishments  awarded  at  the  "mast" 
by  militia  commanders  must  receive  my  approval  before  being  carried  into  effect, 
and  appropriate  entries  must  be  made  in  the  ship's  log.     The  matter  was  further 
complicated  by  the  fact  that  I  was  informed  that  under  State  laws  certain  punish- 
ments could  be  inflicted  which  are  not  legal  punishments  in  the  Navy.     I  could 
not  approve  such  penalties,  as  I  had  no  direct  knowledge  of  their  legality. 

Cases  at  the  mast  among  such  large  numbers  of  men  were  not  infrequent;  there 
were  certain  ones  for  which  adequate  punishments  demanded  trial  by  a  court,  and, 


84  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

as  stated,  I  ruled  that  trial  must  be  deferred  until  after  the  offenders  were  landed. 
Whether  or  not  this  ruling  is  correct  the  results  are  prejudicial  to  discipline.  It  is 
suggested  that  the  whole  matter  be  authoritatively  decided  and  appropriate  instruc- 
tions incorporated  in  the  Navy  Regulations. 

33.  It  was  found  that  some  of  the  organizations  brought  aboard  an  inadequate 
amount  of  clothing  and  small  stores.     Orders  were  received  from  the  department 
not  to  issue  such  on  credit,  and  many  of  the  men  had  no  money  with  which  to  buy 
clothing,  soap,  buckets,  etc.     It  is  suggested  that  in  the  future  the  Division  of  Naval 
Militia  Affairs  prescribe  in  orders  for  militia  cruises  the  minimum  of  each  article 
of  clothing  that  shall  be  brought.    This. naturally  will  depend  upon  the  season  and 
the  locality;  but  when  they  are  such  as  to  require  white  to  be  worn  as  a  general  thing, 
at  least  three  suits  of  white  and  two  white  hats  should  be  prescribed.     Militiamen 
generally  have  not  acquired  the  knack  of  keeping  clean  under  adverse  conditions 
and  when  bad  weather  or  circumstances  interfere  with  scrubbing  clothes,  even  for 
one  day,  the  effect  becomes  evident  immediately. 

Provisions  should  be  made  by  which  men  may  acquire  needed  articles  of  small 
stores,  especially  buckets  and  salt-water  soap,  without  having  to  depend  upon  their 
reserving  pocket  money  for  the  purpose. 

34.  It  is  evident  from  the  experience  with  nearly  all,  if  not  all,  the  organizations 
which  made  these  cruises  that  men  are  given  ratings  for  which  thay  have  no  qualifi- 
cations.    Also,  if  the  proportion  of  petty  officers  to  unrated  men  on  this  cruise  is  at 
all  comparable  to  the  proportion  in  the  organization  as  a  whole  some  organizations 
must  be  top-heavy  with  rated  men.     This  matter  of  numbers  and  qualifications 
of  petty  officers  appears  to  be  covered  by  the  Naval  Militia  act,  to  become  effective 
later,  but  one  matter  apparently  not  provided  for,  and  which  was  prominently  brought 
out  on  these  cruises,  is  the  physical  requirements  for  coal  passers.     Few  of  those 
rated  or  detailed  as  such  could  stand  the  work  and  the  remainder  would  be  of  little 
value  to  a  cruising  ship. 

35.  Owing  to  the  very  large  number  of  men  aboard  at  one  time  it  was  impracticable 
to  gain  as  close  an  estimate  regarding  their  abilities  and  aptitude  as  would  have  been 
the  case  had  there  been  but  one  organization  present  at  a  time.     This  was  true  not 
only  because  of  the  mere  numbers  of  men  to  be  supervised,  but  because  it  was  gen- 
erally necessary,  as  referred  to  above,  to  assign  one  militia  organization  intact  to  one 
ship's  division;  this  latter  meant  that  each  division  officer  could  fairly  judge  the 
merits  of  one  organization  only.     In  other  words,  a  concensus  of  opinion  among  the 
officers  with  whom  the  enlisted  militiamen  came  into  the  most  direct  all-day  contact 
is  not  obtainable. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  fact  that  seven  organizations  (and  a  fraction  of  an  eighth) 
were  aboard  during  the  cruises  gave  the  ship's  officers  other  than  division  officers  an 
unusual  opportunity  to  estimate  the  relative  efficiencies  of  the  different  organiza- 
tions. This  has  been  taken  advantage  of  by  a  number  of  the  ship's  officers  who 
submitted  reports  on  the  militia.  It  will  be  noted  from  the  inclosures  that  these 
estimates  agree  closely  with  each  other. 

36.  In  compliance  with  paragraph  6,  letter  N-14-Mi,  the  following  remarks  upon 
the  Naval  Militia  of  each  State  are  submitted : 

CONNECTICUT. 

This  organization  was,  in  my  opinion,  the  most  efficient  of  all.  The  discipline 
and  cleanliness  was  very  good.  The  enlisted  personnel  as  a  whole  is  ready  for  muster 
into  the  service,  though  probably  not  all  in  their  respetive  ratings.  The  command- 
ing officer  is  a  very  efficient  officer,  possessing  to  a  marked  degree  the  natural  qualities 
desirable  in  a  naval  officer.  The  other  officers  appeared  as  a  rule  to  be  ambitious, 
energetic,  and  imbued  with  a  military  spirit. 

NEW   JERSEY. 

The  New  Jersey  appeared  to  be  a  very  efficient  and  businesslike  organization. 
The  men  are  probably  ready  to  go  on  board  a  cruising  ship  and  render  good  service. 
There  were  but  three  line  officers  present.  Two  of  them  with  more  experience  could 
probably  render  good  service  in  lower  grades  than  they  now  hold. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

This  organization  appears  to  be  well  disciplined  and  generally  efficient  and  would 
probably  be  effective  in  lower  grades  and  ratings  than  they  now  hold. 


NAVAL    MILITIA    CRUISES   1914.  85 


MISSOURI. 

The  Missouri  detachment  appeared  to  be  well  disciplined,  neat  in  uniform,  aud 
particularly  anxious  to  create  a  favorable  impression.  If  the  efficiency  of  the  organ- 
ization may  be  judged  from  the  small  detachment  present  on  this  cruise,  I  think 
that  they  could  be  depended  upon  to  render  good  services  with  a  little  more  training 
aboard  a  modern  ship.  Considering  the  fact  that  they  live  so  far  from  the  seacoast 
the  interest  and  efficiency  shown  by  them  is  remarkable. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 

The  Rhode  Island  Militia  was  aboard  for  but  nine  days  and  probably  suffered  by 
comparison  with  the  others;  first,  because  the  first  part  of  each  cruise  was  more  or 
less  in  the  nature  of  a  shaking-down  period,  and  the  actual  merits  of  the  efficient 
organizations  became  more  apparent  in  the  latter  half;  and  second,  because  they 
lacked  the  powerful  incentive  of  the  target-practice  competition  to  follow.  On  the 
whole,  however,  I  found  the  discipline  good  and  the  organization  adaptable.  I  am 
convinced  that  it  contains  excellent  material  which  can  be  made  highly  efficient 
under  energetic  direction. 

MAINE. 

The  Maine  Militia  was  fairly  well  organized  and  appeared  to  be  willing  to  do  as 
they  were  told,  but  they  seemed  to  lack  the  energetic  interest  which  prevailed  among 
some  of  the  other  organizations.  Some  of  their  methods  and  customs  are  not  up 
to  date.  It  appears  likely  that  this  organization  was  brought  to  a  certain  standard 
at  some  time  in  the  past  but  has  not  progressed.  Energetic  direction  would  probably 
make  this  organization  very  valuable  in  a  short  time. 

DISTRICT    OP   COLUMBIA. 

The  organization,  discipline,  attention  to  duty,  attention  to  uniforms,  and  general 
knowledge  of  naval  work  in  this  organization  was,  in  general,  fair.  This  organization 
reported  prior  to  the  cruise  that  120  enlisted  men  were  expected  to  participate, 
whereas  174  came  on  board.  This  fact,  in  connnection  with  incidents  which  came 
to  notice  during  the  cruise  created  the  impression  that  this  organization  did  not  take 
its  military  duties  as  seriously  as  some  of  the  others  and  that  many  of  its  members 
looked  upon  the  cruise  in  the  nature  of  an  outing.  There  appeared  to  be  a  large 
number  of  men  who  held  ratings  for  which  they  were  not  qualified  and  there  was  an 
abnormal  number  of  rated  men.  For  instance,  in  an  organization  numbering  174 
men  and  12  officers,  there  were  19  yeomen.  The  hospital  corps  contained  2  hospital 
stewards  and  7  hospital  apprentices,  first  class,  besides  4  hospital  apprentices.  The 
organization  contains  good  material,  but,  to  judge  from  the  showing  made  on  the 
cruise,  I  do  not  consider  it  is  readj ,  as  a  whole,  to  go  on  board  a  man-of-war  and 
render  efficient  service. 

NORTH    CAROLINA. 

This  organization  displayed  great  interest  in  gunnery  and  made  the  best  score  on 
target  practice.  Outside  of  this  it  did  not,  as  an  organization,  create  a  very  favorable 
impression. 

Tha  discipline  appeared  to  be  slack  and  the  men  appeared  to  have  no  idea  of  how 
to  live  on  board  ship.  They  seemed  to  have  very  little  realization  of  the  necessity 
of  taking  care  of  the  clothing  and  bedding  served  out  to  them  and  were  continually 
complaining  of  losses. 

The  organization  is  handicapped  by  being  recruited  from  a  rather  sparsejy  settled 
region  so  that  each  of  the  various  divisions  comes  from  a  separate  town  which  makes 
it  difficult  for  the  commanding  officer  to  exercise  much  personal  supervision  over 
them. 

The  commanding  officer  is  able  and  energetic,  but  has  only  recently  attained  com- 
mand of  the  organization.  The  other  officers  differ  much  in  ability  and  experience. 
The  gunnery  officer  is  a  retired  officer  of  the  Navy  and  is  highly  efficient,  but  generally 
speaking,  the  standard  among  the  officers  is  not  high.  There  is  too  much  rank  in  the 
organization.  There  were  1  captain  and  2  commanders  on  board  with  a  force  which 
mustered  132  men. 

The  general  impression  which  I  gained  of  this  organization  is  that  the  men  and 
come  of  the  officers  do  not  take  their  service  in  the  naval  militia  very  seriously,  and 
that  many  are  in  for  social  reasons .  As  it  stands  to-day  its  general  efficiency  is  poor. 


86  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

1  believe  that  the  manifest  interest  and  success  in  gunnery  shown  by  the  organi- 
zation indicates  that  it  is  practicable  to  greatly  raise  the  general  standard  of  excellence. 

I  believe  that  the  commanding  officer  will  do  all  that  is  possible,  and  it  is  recom- 
mended that  he  be  given  an  officer  of  the  Navy  to  act  as  instructor  and  inspector. 

37.  GENERAL  REMARKS: 

I  do  not  think  that  it  would  be  advisable  in  planning  future  cruises  to  send  so 
many  naval  militias  to  one  ship;  especially  if  she  is  a  battleship  of  the  active  fleet. 
I  understand  that  it  was  done  this  year,  not  as  a  matter  of  choice,  but  of  necessity. 
There  were  so  many  officers  and  men  of  the  militia  on  board  the  Rhode  Island  that  it 
was  difficult  to  know  what  to  do  with  them,  and  no  one  person,  officer  or  man,  could 
receive  the  benefit  from  the  cruise  which  he  had  a  right  to  expect. 

On  the  other  hand  the  cruise  was  bad  for  the  battleship.  For  six  weeks  the  routine 
drills  and  exercises  were  upset.  Twelve  officers  and  three  hundred  men,  including 
marines,  had  to  be  landed  during  this  time.  The  enlisted  men  landed  (mostly  young 
ordinary  seamen)  were  left  on  the  receiving  ship  at  Boston.  Part  of  them  were 
immediately  transferred  to  the  North  Carolina  to  help  take  her  to  Hampton  Roads. 
Here  they  were  either  sent  to  the  receiving 'ship  at  Norfolk  or  given  furlough.  The 
men  retained  at  Boston  were  used  as  a  working  gang  to  do  any  disagreeable  work 
which  might  turn  up  on  any  ship  at  the  yard.  As  a  result  some  of  them  became 
discouraged  and  deserted,  while  others  went  so  far  as  to  refuse  duty  and  were  court- 
martialed.  When  we  finally  got  our  men  back  at  the  end  of  about  two  months, 
about  50  were  missing  (some  having  been  sent  to  the  North  Carolina  to  go  to  Europe) 
and  many  of  those  who  returned  had  been  tried  once  or  more  by  court-martial  during 
their  absence. 

If  the  Naval  Militia  is  to  be  given  practice  cruises  on  battleships  of  the  fleet  I  believe 
that  not  more  than  about  120  men  and  say  6  or  8  officers  should  be  sent  to  a  ship  at 
a  time,  these  officers  and  men  to  be  carried  in  addition  to  the  regular  crew.  I 
believe  that  the  best  results  would  be  obtained  by  taking  the  men  away  from  their 
own  officers  and  dividing  them  up  among  the  different  divisions  of  the  ship's  company, 
the  officers  to  be  attached  to  different  divisions  and  given  such  duties  as  the  com- 
manding officer  considered  advisable. 

The  various  naval  militias  which  served  on  board  all  seemed  to  have  too  many 
officers  in  the  higher  grades.  None  of  the  State  organizations  have  a  nominal  strength 
of  over  600  men.  There  seems  to  be  no  very  apparent  reason  why  a  body  of  this 
size  should  be  commanded  by  an  officer  above  the  rank  of  lieutenant  commander. 
There  are  probably  very  few  Naval  Militia  officers  who  are  qualified  to  enter  the  service 
as  a  lieutenant  commander. 

Section  12  of  the  Naval  Militia  act  provides  that  commanding  officers  of  the  Regular 
Navy  may,  in  the  exercise  of  their  discretion,  place  upon  any  duty  to  which  his 
rank  would  entitle  him,  or  duty  of  a  lower  grade,  any  officer  of  the  Naval  Militia 
under  their  command.  It  was  difficult  to  know  what  duties  to  assign  a  captain  or 
commander  under  these  provisions.  It  was  not  practicable  to  give  any  one  of  the 
commanders  the  duty  as  executive,  especially  so  as  the  situation  on  board  was  an 
abnormal  and  difficult  one  to  handle;  the  command  of  the  ship  could  not  be  transferred 
and  it  did  not  seem  very  appropriate  to  require  such  officers  to  stand  a  watch. 

One  commande.r  (Commander  Hill,  of  Connecticut)  voluntarily  did  all  the  naviga- 
tion work,  including  piloting,  in  a  very  efficient  manner.  At  the  end  of  the  cruise 
I  would  have  been  perfectly  willing  to  have  made  him  navigator. 

Section  12  of  the  act  contains  the  provision  that  "for  the  purposes  of  this  section 
it  is  to  be  presumed  that  any  member  of  the  Naval  Militia  is  competent  to  be  detailed 
for  any  duty  to  which  his  rank  would  entitle  him  until  the  contrary  be  apparent  to  such 
commanding  officer." 

It  appears  reasonable  to  presume  that  this  is  intended  to  apply  only  to  such  officers 
who  have  passed  the  examinations  to  be  set  by  the  department.  I  so  interpreted  it, 
at  least,  and  the  cruise  was  too  short  to  allow  me  to  form  opinions  of  the  abilities  of 
many  of  the  officers. 

It  would  seem  that  the  character  of  the  training  to  be  given  the  Naval  Militia  must 
be  based  upon  the  use  which  it  is  contemplated  to  make  of  them  in  time  of  war. 

If  they  are  to  be  used  as  a  reserve  for  the  fleet  the  plan  of  giving  them  cruises  on  board 
battleships,  or  large  cruisers,  is  an  excellent  one.  If  the  different  ships  of  the  fleet 
could  each  take  on  board  a  number  of  officers  and  men  at  the  same  time  and  continue 
to  carry  out  the  regular  fleet  routine,  I  believe  that  the  result  would  be  very  bene- 
ficial to  the  militia  and  still  not  handicap  the  fleet. 

It  might  be  possible  to  arrange  a  cruise  so  that  each  division  might  visit  a  foreign 
port,  if  this  is  considered  necessary.  I  am  inclined  to  be  of  the  opinion  that  this  should 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  87 

not  be  necessary.  If  a  militia  organization  requires  the  inducement  of  a  foreign 
cruise  to  keep  up  interest  and  encourage  enlistments  it  is  probable  that  its  members 
will  not  take  their  duties  very  seriously. 

The  good  results  to  be  obtained  by  using  competition  between  organizations  to  stir 
up  interest  was  shown  during  the  target  practice. 

38.  Several  of  the  ship's  officers  submitted  reports,  in  writing,  upon  the  cruise. 
These  reports  are  forwarded  herewith  for  the  information  of  the  Division  of  Naval 
Militia  Affairs.  They  will  be  found  interesting  and  contain  detailed  information 
which  does  not  appear  here. 

These  reports  represent  the  individual  opinions  of  the  different  officers,  and  are 
submitted  without  further  comment. 


88 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CEUISES  1914. 


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90  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

B. 

MEMORANDUM   MENTIONED  IN   PARAGRAPH   8    (pp.  77,  80). 
[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.) 

Deck  force. — General  scheme  is  to  have  militia  crews  given  ship's  numbers  and  per- 
form duties  and  be  billeted  (except  for  messing)  -as  assigned  by  ship's  watch,  quarter 
and  station  bill  book. 

In  many  cases  men  so  assigned  will  fill  actual  vacancies  in  crew.  In  other  cases 
numbers  are  already  held  by  men  of  ship's  company  on  board,  in  which  case  the 
militia  and  ship's  individuals  will  work  in  company. 

In  cases  of  certain  petty  officers,  such  as  boatswain's  mates,  they  may  not  necessarily 
be  assigned  to  the  sections  to  which  similar  ratings  are  assigned  on  ship's  bill.  In 
these  cases  they  will  not  be  assigned  numbers,  but  billets  will  show  division  and 
section  only. 

Deck  forces  of  organizations  will  be  assigned — first  division,  Pennsylvania;  second 
division,  District  of  Columbia;  third  division,  North  Carolina;  fourth  division,  New 
Jersey. 

Special  branches  will  be  assigned  to  corresponding  fifth  division  numbers,  the 
general  scheme  given  above  being  followed. 

For  muster,  all  naval  militia  men  will  muster  with  the  units  with  which  they  cus- 
tomarily muster  in  their  own  organization,  and  be  reported  to  their  own  executive 
officer  by  officers  commanding  those  units. 

Engineer's  force. — -1.  Engineer  divisions,  North  Carolina,  District  of  Columbia,  and 
Pennsylvania  (68  men,  total),  to  report  to  Lieut.  Meyers,  the  engineering  officer  of 
the  ship,  for  assignment  to  duty  and  for  meting  and  billeting  as  shown  on  station 
billets.  The  unrated  men  will  fill  vacancies  in  complement  in  their  respective 
grades.  Petty  officers  will  be  assigned  as  running  mates  with  petty  officers  of  engineer 
force  of  ship,  as  a  general  rule. 

2.  Engineer  officers  will  confer  with  Lieut.  Meyers  regarding  assignment  to  duty. 

Hospital  corps. — Enlisted  force  of  hospital  branch  (9,  total)  to  report  to  Dr.  Henry, 
the  medical  officer  of  the  ship,  for  assignment  to  duty  and  for  billeting  (three  hospital 
stewards  in  isolation  ward,  and  hospital  apprentices  in  sick  bay  berths).  So  far  as 
practicable,  they  will  assist  with  sick  of  their  own  States,  but  owing  to  fact  that  not 
all  States  have  hospital  apprentices,  Dr.  Henry  will  arrange  details  with  naval  militia 
doctors.  Mess  as  per  station  billets. 

2.  Naval  Militia  medical  officers  will  confer  with  Dr.  Henry  regarding  details  of 
duties  while  aboard. 

Pay  division. — 1.  Enlisted  force  of  pay  corps  will  perform  duties  assigned  by  their 
own  pay  officers.  They  will  mess  and  be  billeted  as  shown  on  station  billets. 

2.  Pay  officers  will  confer  with  Paymaster  Gopdhue,  pay  officer  and  general  store- 
keeper of  ship,  regarding  office  space,  and  also  will  apply  to  him  for  any  desired  infor- 
mation on  professional  matters. 

Yeomen. — 1.  Yeomen  will  perform  duties  assigned  by  the  militia  officers  under 
whom  they  are  customarily  employed.  They  will  mess  and  be  billeted  as  shown  on 
station  billets. 

2.  Yeomen,  except  those  required  by  their  respective  executive  officers  to  assist 
in  receiving  reports,  will  fall  in  with  the  units  of  their  own  States,  with  which  they 
customarily  muster. 

The  general  plan  is  to  have  ship's  company  prepare  tables  for  naval  militia's  first 
meal.  Station  billets  will  not  be  assigned  until  after  this  meal. 

Militia  commanders  will  have  to  detail  one  mess  cook  and  one  striker  for  each  mess 
as  soon  as  practicable  after  reporting  aboard. 

As  a  name  is  filled  in  on  each  billet,  the  name  will  also  be  entered  on  station  bill. 

As  organizations  come  aboard,  engineer  force  will  fall  out  and  fall  in  separately.  All 
men  will  be  conducted  by  chief  engineer  and  ship's  division  officers,  respectively,  and 
showed  where  to  stow  their  bags  and  hammocks.  All  excess  hammocks  will  be 
stowed  thus:  District  of  Columbia,  brig,  cell  No.  3;  North  Carolina,  brig,  cell  No.  4; 
New  Jersey,  brig,  cell  No.  2;  Pennsylvania,  brig,  cell  No.  1. 

The  District  of  Columbia  battalion  will  go  to  breakfast  at  tables  provided. 

The  North  Carolina  battalion  will  be  given  sandwiches  and  coffee.  No  tables  will 
be  spread. 

After  meals  men  will  be  mustered  on  quarterdeck  (engineer  force  separately)  and 
billets  served  out  to  men,  according  to  their  rates,  by  their  own  officers. 

Each  man  will  write  his  own  name  on  his  billet.  Billets  will  be  collected  by  own 
officers;  own  officers  and  ship's  officers  will  prepare  station  billets. 

Ship's  officer  will  divide  organization  (except  engineer  force,  chief  petty  officers, 
and  master-at-arms)  into  messes  of  24  men  each,  and  will  appoint  as  messmen  for  each 
mess  two  men  nominated  by  their  own  officers,  and  enter  mess  number  on  station 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914.  91 

bill.  Refer  completed  station  bills  to  first  lieutenant,  and  get  directions  for  entering 
mess  numbers  on  individual  billets. 

Redistribute  billets  to  men  when  directed  by  first  lieutenant. 

Ship's  officers  will  then  instruct  militia  officers  as  may  be  necessary  to  their  under- 
standing of  the  details  of  the  following  general  plan. 

C. 

MEMORANDUM   OP  JULY   7-14  (pp.  78,  79). 
[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N  ,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island. 

Opportunities  for  instruction  in  navigation  of  such  officers  of  the  Naval  Militia  as 
may  be  assigned  by  their  respective  commanding  officers  will  be  afforded  according  to 
the  following  general  plan : 

The  classes  will  be — 

First.  For  officers  who  require  instruction  in  the  rudiments  of  the  art,  such  as 
dead  reckoning,  compass  deviation,  etc. 

Ensign  King  will  act  as  instructor,  and  the  class  will  meet  in  the  admiral's  reception 
room  immediately  after  retreat  from  morning  drills.  Officers  in  this  class  will  be 
expected  to  study  evenings  and  at  such  other  times  as  they  are  not  at  drills  or  on 
watch  the  methods  and  problems  presented  during  the  instruction  period. 

Second.  For  officers  who  are  more  advanced,  but  require  actual  assistance  in  solving 
problems  in  astronomical  work. 

Lieut.  Pence  will  act  as  instructor,  and  the  class  will  meet  in  the  after  wardroom 
country  after  retreat  from  morning  drills.  Officers  will  be  expected  to  take  sights 
and  work  them  out  as  opportunities  permit,  and  to  apply  to  Mr.  Pence,  during  the 
instruction  period,  for  any  required  assistance  or  information. 

Third.  Officers  who  are  already  familiar  with  the  art  of  navigation,  but  desire  to 
take  advantage  of  this  opportunity  to  practice  it.  These  will  be  expected  to  perform 
a  navigator's  "day's  work,"  or  so  much  of  it  as  time  permits.  In  other  words,  each 
officer  will,  at  sea,  assume  that  he  is  navigating  the  ship  on  his  own  responsibility 
and  able  to  report  to  his  own  commanding  officer  the  position  at  any  time,  course 
and  distance  to  next  port,  etc. 

It  is  assumed  that  these  officers  do  not  require  instruction  or  assistance,  but  will 
desire  to  compare  the  results  of  their  work  with  these  of  the  ship's  navigator.  Ensign 
Peirce  will  meet  with  these  officers  daily,  in  the  admiral's  reception  room  after  retreat 
from  afternoon  drill  period,  and  will  endeavor  to  reconcile  any  discrepant  results, 
should  such  exist. 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  bearings  can  be  taken  only  from  the  upper  bridge,  and  the 
bridge  is  already  crowded  with  the  officers  and  men  required  for  handling  the  ship 
while  in  pilot  waters,  it  is  unfortunately  impracticable  to  afford  student  officers 
opportunity  to  take  bearings  and  practice  alongshore  navigation  except  by  officers 
on  watch.  It  is  thought  however,  that  this  should  not  be  a  serious  handicap  to  those 
desiring  to  learn  or  to  practice  this  feature  of  practical  work,  as  militia  officers  will 
have  opportunities  to  practice  it  on  their  own  vessels. 

It  is  requested  that  commanding  officers  of  each  State  organization  send  the  under- 
signed a  list  of  officers  under  their  command  who  are  to  be  instructed,  and  to  which 
one  of  the  three  classes  each  officer  should  be  assigned.  It  is  desired  to  form  the 
classes  immediately  after  morning  drill  on  Wednesday,  July  8. 

There  are  sextants  and  navigational  tables  available  for  officers  who  have  none 
aboard. 

D. 

REPORT  OF  LIEUT.  H.  L.  PENCE,  U.  S.  N.  (p.  78). 
[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.) 

1.  My  observation  of  the  different  detachments  of  Naval  Militia  which  recently 
cruised  on  this  ship  were  general  rather  than  specific.    The  work  and  habits  of  the 
men  were  observed  more  than  their  drills,  and  the  officers  were  observed  in  connec- 
tion with  the  work  of  the  men,  socially,  and  in  the  class  in  navigation.    Two  weeks 
is  a  very  short  time  to  form  a  basis  for  an  opinion,  but  the  following  observations  are 
respectfully  submitted. 

2.  1  believe  that  in  no  case  does  a  detachment  of  enlisted  men  rise  higher  in  effici- 
ency than  the  officers  commanding  them.     For  men  to  be  efficient  officers  must  be 
efficient.    The  merit  of  each  organization  reflected  the  efficiency  and  preparedness  of 
its  officers.     Among  the  organizations  recently  on  board,  that  from  Connecticut  stood 
well  out  to  the  front,  because  its  commanding  officer  was  prepared  and  efficient.     He 
required  his  officers  to  be  efficient.     They  were  not  mere  figureheads,  but  had  spent 


92  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

time  and  effort  in  preparing  themselves  for  the  duties  they  had  to  perform.     They 
were  so  much  better  qualified  than  the  others  that  it  is  worthy  of  mention. 

3.  If  some  of  the  organizations  would  get  rid  of  some  of  their  dead  wood  amongst 
the  officers  their  efficiency  would  be  greatly  improved. 

4.  The  Missouri  detachment  was  so  small  as  almost  to  be  lost  in  the  shuffle.     I  think 
its  standard  was  fair  considering  its  distance  from  deep  water.     With  respect  to  the 
other  organizations  I  would  rank  them  in  all-around  efficiency  as  follows:  Connecticut, 
New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Rhode  Island,  Maine,  District  of  Columbia,  North  Caro- 
lina. 

5.  Of  the  two  cruises  the  organizations  in  the  latter  cruise  fitted  into  the  ship  organi- 
zation a  great  deal  more  easily  than  those  of  the  first  cruise,  although  a  small  amount 
of  this  result  may  be  attributed  to  our  knowing  better  how  to  handle  them. 

6.  The  New  Jersey  detachment  was  perhaps  the  smartest  detachment  in  a  military 
way.     Discipline  was  very  good. 

7.  The  North  Carolina  detachment  excelled   only  in  gunnery  and  that  was  in  a 
great  measure  due  to  her  ordnance  officer.     He  was  a  retired  naval  officer  of  experience 
in  the  fleet,  and  worked  hard  to  produce  the  results  accomplished.     His  spotting  was 
uniformly  good  and  the  results  showed  the  result  of  taking  care  of  the  little  things 
in  developing  the  gun  crews.     The  North  Carolina  detachment  showed  very  little 
care  as  to  uniform,  equipment,  or  organization.     I  believe  that  a  number  of  the 'officers 
in  this  detachment  conscientiously  tried  to  do  their  duty.     The  trouble  was  they 
didn't  know  how  to  go  about  it.    As  long  as  the  officers  didn't  know,  the  men  could 
scarcely  be  expected  to  know. 

8.  The  Pennsylvania,    Rhode   Island,   and  Maine  detachments  were  uniformly 
good.    More  could  not  be  said  of  them.     They  showed  evidences  of  good  training,  with 
considerably  more  needed. 

9.  The  District  of  Columbia  starred  in  coaling  ship.     Beyond  that  she  was  mediocre. 
She  had  a  great  many  high-priced  mechanics  and  professional  men,  but  the  detach- 
ment was  not  balanced  properly.     This  was  particularly  true  with  regards  to  yoemen. 
Sufficient  work  to  keep  19  yoemen  busy  would  be  hard  to  find.     There  were  two  very 
good  divisional  officers  in  this  detachment  who  are  worthy  of  a  better  chance. 

10.  Generally  speaking  the  militia  should  be  drilled  oftener  during  the  year,  or 
each  drill  made  to  count  for  more.  The  Navy  Regulations,  as  well  as  other  publica- 
tions, are  furnished  to  the  officers  of  the  Naval  Militia,  and  there  is  no  excuse  for  these 
officers  not  being  familiar  with  the  contents  of  such  publications.  On  coming  aboard 
ship  their  duty  should  be  to  observe  the  effects  of  such  regulations  and  to  attempt 
to  carry  them  out  with  their  own  men;  not  tj  come  aboard  and  hear  of  the  regulations 
for  the  first  time.  The  ordinary  rules  of  the  road,  official  courtesies,  duties  of  divisional 
officers,  duties  of  heads  of  departments,  etc.,  should  not  be  new  information  for  a 
Naval  Militia  officer  who  has  earnestly  tried  to  prepare  himself. 

11 .  While  not  confined  possibly  to  the  majority,  yet  there  is  a  feeling  running  through 
certain  rjortions  of  the  militia  that  the  annual  cruise  on  board  of  a  ship  in  regular 
commission  is  an  outing,  pure  and  simple,  and  that  the  minimum  amount  of  work 
is  to  be  done.    As  a  result,  trouble  was  experienced  in  getting  men  to  do  even  the 
ship's  routine  cleaning.     Efforts  were  made  to  get  work  done  by  working  through 
their  own  officers,  but  this  was  not  always  successful. 

12.  The  great  number  of  men  aboard  worked  to  a  disadvantage  in  that  a  man  could 
be  placed  on  a  job  and  the  minute  supervision  was  relaxed  he  would  leave  it  and  lose 
himself  in  the  crowd.     Some  men  made  no  attempt  to  use  their  own  hammocks  or  bed- 
ding.    Some  would  rise  in  the  morning  and  leave  their  bedding  on  the  deck.     They 
had  used  the  bedding  belonging  to  some  one  else  which  made  apprehension  difficult. 
Changing  mess  without  authority  was  common.     If  John  wanted  to  sit  by  Charley  he 
simply  traded  seats  with  Joe  who  happened  to  be  next  to  Charley.     Frequent  changing 
of  mess  cooks  also  led  to  confusion  for  a  short  time.     The  large  number  of  men  aboard 
was  disadvantageous  in  several  other  ways.     It  taxed  the  ship's  capacity  for  satis- 
factory accommodations  both  for  officers  and  men  and  it  made  instruction  too  general. 
With  one  detachment  aboard  much  could  have  been  accomplished;  individual  in- 
struction would  have  been  possible.    With  the   crowd  we  had  a  great  part  of  the 
time  was  spent  in  rounding  them  up  and  trying  to  keep  them  in  shape. 

13.  As  regards  the  qualifications  of  the  officers  to  perform  the  duties  of  their  grade, 
none  were  qualified.     The  nearest  approach  to  this  condition  was  the  commanding 
officer  of  the  Connecticut  Naval  Militia.     I  believe  him  qualified  for  a  commission  of 
lieutenant  commander  in  the  regular  service.     I  believe  that  an  officer  of  the  Naval 
Militia  should  at  least  be  competent  to  hold  a  commission  in  the  Naval  Militia  which 
is  not  more  than  one  rank  above  what  he  would  hold  in  the  regular  service.     The 
ideal  condition  would  be  for  him  to  have  equal  rank  and  that  condition  should  be 
striven  for.     In  this  connection  I  would  like  to  suggest  that  an  officer's  school   of 
some  kind  would  be  a  valuable  adjunct  to  the  State  Militias.     This  might  take  any  one 


NAVAL    MILITIA   CRUISES   19U.  93 

of  a  number  of  forms.  For  instance,  detail  one  officer  of  the  regular  service  for  each 
State  Militia  and  have  him  visit  each  detachment  periodically  and  often.  Have 
certain  work  assigned  for  the  officers  and  require  them  to  measure  up  to  a  certain 
standard.  If  they  fail  to  measure  up  to  this  standard,  deprive  them  of  their  com- 
missions. A  better  plan  would  be  to  have  an  officer  detailed  with  each  detachment. 
With  the  number  of  retired  officers  as  well  as  officers  in  lower  grades  now  available  for 
this  duty  there  ought  not  to  be  any  serious  objection  to  this  method.  The  Naval 
Militia  is  an  important  branch  of  the  service  and  is  entitled  to  this  much  attention. 
If  this  method  is  deemed  impracticable,  order  enough  officers  to  the  department  at 
Washington  to  eria"ble  a  correspondence  school  to  be  started,,  especially  with  regard  to 
navigation,  seamanship,  ordnance,  and  engineering.  I  believe  this  would  be  eagerly 
taken  advantage  of  by  officers  of  the  different  organizations,  and  much  good  would 
accrue.  They  are  asked  to  qualify  for  certain  ranks  and  this  would  prove  a  great 
incentive  toward  making  that  qualification. 

14.  In  the  two  recent  cruises  I  was  assigned  to  instruct  the  advanced  class  in  navi- 
gation.    In  both  cruises  the  classes  were  small.     Several  dropped  back  to  the  class 
below,  but  those  who  remained  took  interest  in  the  work.     During  the  first  cruise 
I  had  the  commanding  officers  of  each  detachment,  and  about  three  officers  of  lower 
grades.     During  the  second  cruise  I  had  three  out  of  the  four  commanding  officers,  and 
about  two  officers  of  the  lower  grades.     Of  the  latter  commanding  officers,  one,  the 
commanding  officer  of  the  Connecticut  detachment,  is  a  qualified  navigator.     He  is 
the  only  officer  coming  under  my  observation  in  any  of  the  detachments  who  is 
qualified  for  deep-sea  navigation.     I  found  a  spirit  of  wanting  to  learn  and  if  certain 
officers  are  officially  encouraged  I  .believe  in  a  comparatively  short  time  the  Naval 
Militia  will  have  available  navigators. 

15.  When  possible,  1  hour  or  2  hours  was  spent  with  the  class  dail^.     The  instruc- 
tion took  the  form  of  working  problems  on  a  blackboard  and  demonstrating  how  thev 
were  worked;  then  giving  similar  problems  to  the  class,  having  them  tr    them,  and 
when  failing,  point  out  their  errors  to  them.     A  groundwork  of  definitions  and  a 
working  knowledge  of  tables  was  assumed,  but  eventually  these  points  had  to  be  gone 
over. 

16.  The  following  were  touched  upon  with  great  thoroughness  with  the  last  class 
and  the  work  of  the  first  class  was  very  similar: 

(1)  A  thorough  understanding  of  Greenwich  mean  time  and  its  determination. 

(2)  Meridian  altitude. 

(3)  Reduction  to  the  meridian. 

(4)  Use  of  Azimuth  tables. 

(5)  Determination  of  time  of  sun  crossing  prime  vertical. 

(6)  Determination  of  how  to  set  clocks  back  or  ahead  daily. 

(7)  Determination  of  watch  time  of  local  apparent  noon. 

(8)  Chronometers,  their  care,  winding,  error  and  rate,  together  with  an  examination 
of  chronometer  book  and  rate  curve.     Also  how  to  find  C-W. 

(9)  How  to  take  noon  tick. 

(10)  How  to  get  error  by  taking  hack  ashore  or  up  to  wireless  office. 

(11)  Lecture  on  compass  errors  and  deviations  and  the  practical  compensation  of  the 
compass,  including  deviation  table,  Napier's  Diagram,  and  necessar    forms.     Kinds  of 
deviation;  causes  of  each  and  their  elimination  in  a  standard  compensating  binnacle 
and  with  a  standard  compass;  also  starboard  angle  method.     How  to  determine  devi- 
ation, etc.     In  general  terms  the  approximate  and  exact  coefficient  were  explained  and 
how  by  the  use  of  the  dygogram  and  certain  formula  a  ship,  after  building,  may  be 
practically  compensated  before  leaving  the  dock. 

(12)  Summer  lines  (chord  and  tangent  methods  in  general). 

(13)  Theoretical  and  practical  intersection  of  lines  and  the  use  of  longitude  and 
latitude  factors. 

(14)  New  navigation.     Marcq  St.  Hilaire  (Haversine  formula). 

17.  Instruction  was  gjven  to  two  members  of  the  last  class  in  the  use,  care,  and 
adjustment  of  the  sextant,  and  also  in  current  sailing.     The  commanding  officer  of  the 
Rhode  Island  detachment  wished  special  instruction  in  the  conversion  of  me  in  to 
sidereal  time,  and  the  reverse,  and  the  commanding  officer  of  the    'onnecticut  detach- 
ment wanted  instruction  in  the  means  of  identif ...  ing  a  star  showing  through  clouds  of 
an  overcast  skv;  this  instruction  was  given. 

18.  An  attempt  was  made  to  give  each  class  just  what  the-r  wanted.     In  the  absence 
of  suggestions  from  them,  I  made  suggestions  and  the  -  made  their  choice.     Less  than 
two  weeks  was  far  too  short  a  time  to  learn  much  navigation,  but  it  served  to  freshen 
the  memories  of  some  who  had,  at  one  time  or  other,  been  more  or  less  familiar  with 
navigational  work,  as  well  as  serving  as  a  guide  for  the  remainder  of  the  class  to  follow 
in  their  subsequent  work  ashore. 


94 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


E. 

REPORT  OF  ENSIGN  J.   L.   KING,  U.  S.   N.   (p.   78). 

[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.] 

1.  In  compliance  with  verbal  orders  from  the  executive  officer  I  gave  navigation 
instruction  to  officers  of  the  Naval  Militia  during  the  time  the 7  were  on  board  this  ship. 
My  dutv  was  to  instruct  in  the  elementar  ~r  details  leading  up  to  practical  navigation, 
or  actual  use  of  the  sextant  in  finding  the  ship's  position. 

2.  The  short  time  which  each  organization  spent  on  board,  limited  the  extent  to 
which  I  could  take  up  the  different  subjects,  and  when  drills  began  to  conflict,  the 
time  allowed  was  even  less.     Accordingl  r,  I  made  my  whole  course  more  a  series  of 
lectures  or  explanator  •-  talks,  in  which  an  attempt  was  made  to  fit  the  student  officers 
rather  to  be  able  to  stud*/  navigation  comprehensively  in  the  future,  than  to  try  to 
make  them  practical  navigators  in  such  a  short  time.     A  daily  instruction  averaging 
about  two  hours  per  day  was  given  to  them,  and  on  each  cruise  my  class  averaged  about 
twentv  officers. 

3.  Such  subjects  as  the  Mercator  chart,  dead  reckoning,  finding  Greenwich  mean 
time,  nautical  almanac,  and  the  sextant,  were  taken  up  in  detail  and  thoroughly 
explained  as  to  their  theor/,  construction,  and  relative  importance.     Oth(  i  subjects, 
like  compass  deviation,  theor  r  of  Marcq  St.  Hilaire,  time  sights,  and  meridian  alti- 
tudes, were  treated  more  generall r,  and  although  the  theor/  of  each  was  touched 
upon,  it  was  onl  '  taken  up  in  so  far  as  it  would  appeal  to  the  interest  of  persons  so 
unfamiliar  with  the  art  of  navigation. 

4.  The  interest  taken  by  the  different  officers  showed  that  they  were  generally 
speaking  very  anxious  to  learn.     The  degrees  of  information  possessed  by  the  officers 
of  the  different  organizations  depended  to  a  great  extent  upon  the  ability  of  the  com- 
manding officers  along  this  line.     The  Connecticut  officers  were  keen  to  learn,  and 
showed  knowledge  of  the  subject.     The  North  Carolina  officers,  on  the  other  hand, 
knew  little  or  nothing.     One  or  two  took  an  interest,  but  seemed  to  prefer  thumb  rule 
navigation  hastily  acquired,  and  in  most  instances  this  sort  is  the  only  kind  they  could 
readil  •  grasp,  due  to  apparent  lack  of  education.     The  Washington,  B.C.,  organization 
was,  generallr  speaking,  anxious  to  learn,  but  showed  little  or  no  familiarity  with  the 
subject.     Both  the  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  officers  showed  experience  and  more 
interest.     The  Connecticut,  Maine,  and  Missouri  officers  were  also  more  familiar  with 
navigation  and  it  was  a  matter  of  interest  to  instruct  them.     The  Rhode  Island  officers 
were  less  capable  on  the  whole. 

5.  As  far  I  can  find  out,  the  course  was  beneficial  to  them  all,  and  I  think  an  interest 
was  created  in  navigation,  which  will  lead  them  to  pursue  a  course  of  study  at  home. 
If  attempts  were  successful  here,  the  7  should  not  find  it  a  difficult  thing  to  study  from 
textbooks,  due  to  their  being  familiar  with  the  subject  matter  of  navigation. 

F. 

REPORT  OF  LIEUT.    G.  J.   MEYERS,  U.  S.  N.  (p.  79). 
(See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.) 

1.  The  following  organizations  that  made  the  cruise  from  July  6  to  August  8  con- 
tained officers  and  men  in  the  engineer  force  of  ranks  and  ratings  tabulated: 


f 

i 

£ 

£ 

| 

"g 

. 

.2 

g 

g 

| 

tj3 

1 

8 

€£ 

03  +-L 

£•3 

S"3 

% 

1 

a 

3 

UJK 

i 

a 

0 

i| 

'S"OT 

;§  § 

1 

S 

w 

a 

S-3 

gii 

S 

a 

§ 

s 

^<d 

•g  S 

| 

-2 

i 

& 

^ 

(_ 

1 

M 

"rt 

'So 

g 

s 

? 

0 

o 

O 

« 

ft 

ft 

6 

,3 

pa 

North  Carolina  ... 

3 

g 

g 

15 

13 

5 

2 

District  of  Columbia. 

5 

3 

1 

l 

6 

.1 

2 

i 

18 

3 

Pennsylvania  ...... 

2 

1 

2 

g 

5 

2 

9 

2 

3 

2 

1 

1 

3 

4 

i 

4 

2 

11 

4 

Rhode  Island  .... 

4 

1 

22 

1 

Maine  

1 

Missouri  

1 

1 

6 

2 

Total 

13 

13 

16 

2 

12 

30 

2 

j 

19 

g 

49 

22 

15 

NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES  1914. 


95 


2.  North  Carolina. — Report  has  already  been  made  on  the  officers  performing  engineer- 
ing duty.     Outside  of  the  petty  officers'  ratings  the  men  of  this  organization  were  of 
more  trouble  than  use  to  the  ship.     They  could  very  seldom  with  a  few  exceptions  be 
found  for  their  watches,  never  voluntarilv  went  on  watch,  and  eventuall  r  it  was  neces- 
sary to  request  the  executive  officer  to  have  mustered  and  marched  below  for  their 
watches.     The  coal  passers  generally  were  too  light  for  the  work  and  had  never  before 
performed  similar  work  and  had  no  idea  of  the  duties  of  coal  passers.     The  water  tenders 
and  oilers  were  without  experience  of  any  kind  in  their  respective  ratings.     Machinists 
mates  generally  were  without  experience  and  were  rated  too  high;  while  most  of  them 
were  machinists  or  machinists  helpers  by  trade,  they  had  no  conception  of  the  duties 
of  their  ratings  aboard  ship. 

3.  District  of  Columbia. — Some  trouble  was  experienced  with  men  other  than 
petty  officers  in  getting  them,  to  go  on  watch.     There  were  too  many  petty  officers 
in  the  organization,  and  while  some  of  them  were  highly  skilled  in  their  trades  they 
were  inexperienced  in  the  ratings  the/  filled.     The  engineer  force  of  this  organiza- 
tion may  be  rated  as  fair  to  good.    About  half  of  the  coal  passers  and  firemen  were 
too  light  in  weight  for  the  work  and  machinist  mates  were  rated  too  high. 

4.  Pennsylvania. — The  petty  officers  were  generally  inexperienced  in  then*  ratings 
and  were  too  numerous  for  the  total  number  of  men  performing  engineering  duty. 
The  engineer  force  of  this  organization  may  be  rated  good. 

5.  New  Jersey. — No  engineer  force. 

6.  Connecticut. — The  petty  officers  in  this  organization  were  too  numerous  in  pro- 
portion to  the  total  engineer  force.    The  engineer  force  of  this  organization  is  effi- 
cient and  was  by  far  the  best  of  any  of  those  on  the  cruise.     Two  warrant  officers 
hold  unlimited  licenses  for  ocean-going  ships  and  one  warrant  officer  holds  a  license 
for  5,000  tons  or  less.     I  believe  the  engineer  force  of  this  organization  would  be  a 
very  desirable  addition  to  the  Navy  in  time  of  war. 

7.  Rhode  Island. — The  engineer  force  of  this  organization  consisted  of  only  5  petty 
officers  with  22  coal  passers  and  landsmen,  and  in  their  respective  ratings  the  men 
were  efficient  and  willing  to  work.     The  practice  of  taking  landsmen  on  the  cruise 
to  volunteer  for  coal  passers  should,  however,  be  discontinued,  as  too  many  men 
are  enlisted  who  are  too  light  for  the  work. 

8.  Maine. — No  engineer  force,  but  one  warrant  machinist  for  aviation. 

9.  Missouri. — This  organization  had  only  eight  men  and  two  officers  in  the  engi- 
neer force.    The  men  were  efficient  in  their  ratings  and  were  willing  to  work  and 
deserve  credit  for  making  a  long  trip  to  gain  experience  on  the  cruise.     I  believe 
these  men  would  be  a  desirable  addition  to  the  Navy  in  time  of  war. 

10.  General  remarks. — Rank:  I  believe  that  the  rank  of  the  commanding  officers  of 
State   organizations   should   be   restricted   by   the  Navy   Department.     No  officer 
should  have  rank  above  a  lieutenant  commander  except  in  case  he  is  commanding 
a  vessel  of  the  third  rate,  when  he  should  while  so  commanding  have  rank  of  com- 
mander; and  except  in  case  he  is  commanding  a  vessel  of  the  first  or  second  rate, 
when  he  should  while  so  commanding  have  rank  of  captain.     Amongst  the  officers 
of  command  rank  among  the  three  organizations — North  Carolina,  District  of  Colum- 
bia, and  Pennsylvania — in  my  presence  remarks  were  passed  showing  the  most  intense 
jealousy  because  of  this  question  of  rank,  which  it  is  understood  is  created  by  the 
States/ 

Number  of  officers:  The  number  of  officers  in  each  organization  should  be  uni- 
formly proportionate  to  the  number  of  men.  The  following  table  gives  the  number 
of  officers  and  men  in  each  organization : 


- 

Officers. 

Men. 

Per  cent 
of  officers. 

North  Carolina 

19 

135 

14 

District  of  Columbia         

12 

170 

7 

Pennsylvania                                                         

5 

93 

6.3 

New  Jersey                                                                                       -          -  - 

5 

99 

5 

Connecticut 

14 

243 

5.7 

Rhode  Island                                        

10 

154 

6.4 

Maine                                                                

10 

145 

6.9 

Missouri                                                                                       .  - 

5 

30 

16.6 

64628°— 


96  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

The  Rhode  .Island's  normal  complement  is — Officers,  38;  men,  ^>62;  per  cent  of 
officers.  4.4 

The  number  of  officers  in  the  Naval  Militia  should  not  exceed  that  for  the  Rhode 
Island,  and  officers  should  be  sent  to  any  ship  with  their  organizations  either  for 
instruction  or  in  time  of  war  not  to  exceed  a  number  to  fill  existing  vacancies  on  the 
ships  to  which  they  are  sent. 

Number  of  men  in  different  ratings:  The  number  of  petty  officers  and  men  in  each 
organization  should  be  uniformly  proportionate.  For  example,  the  proportion  of 
yeomen  was  excessive,  there  being  29  yeomen  on  the  first  half  of  the  cruise  and  ]4  on 
the  second  half  of  the  cruise,  while  this  ship  is  allowed  only  ]  2  yeomen.  A  reasonable 
number  of  yeomen  would  appear  to  be  one  for  each  division  in  each  organization, 
under  which  circumstances  there  would  be  no  suspicion  that  a  considerable  number 
of  men  were  enlisting  for  the  cruise  in  order  to  take  an  outing.  In  the  engineer  force 
there  were  89  petty  officers  out  of  a  total  of  185  men,  a  distinctly  disproportionate 
number  of  petty  officers.  Of  the  89,  42  were  machinists  mates,  and  of  this  number 
none  should  have  held  the  rating  above  machinists  mate  second  class,  and  as  a  large 
number  of  the  42  were  machinists  or  machinists  helpers  by  trade  they  should 
not  have  been  enlisted  for  more  than  machinists  mate  second  class  or  coal  passer  for 
machinists  mates,  as  their  knowledge  of  the  duties  of  their  ratings  was  very  meager 
and  their  standard  of  ability  was  far  below  that  of  the  men  of  the  ship  in  similar  ratings. 
Of  the  89  petty  officers  there  were  2  chief  water  tenders,  12  water  tenders,  and  20  oilers, 
or  a  total  of  44.  None  of  these  men  should  have  held  their  ratings,  as  none  of  them 
possessed  more  ability  in  their  ratings  than  firemen  first  class  and  firemen  second 
class  in  the  regular  Navy,  whom  I  would  not  dream  of  recommending  for  the  im- 
portant and  responsible  duties  of  oilers  and  water  tenders.  The  remaining  petty 
officers  were  two  coppersmiths  and  one  boiler  maker.  I  had  opportunity  to  judge  of 
the  ability  of  only  one  of  these,  the  coppersmith  from  the  District  of  Columbia,  who 
is  an  excellent  man  in  his  rating.  Generally  speaking,  in  case  the  Naval  Militia  is 
sent  to  fill  the  complement  aboard  ship,  I  believe  that  there  should  be  no  rated 
oilers  or  water  tenders  unless  they  are  such  by  trade,  and  no  machinists  mates  above 
machinists  mate  second  class. 

Cleanliness  of  ship  and  men:  My  general  observation  of  the  men  about  the  ship 
leads  me  to  the  conclusion  that  while  the  North  Carolina,  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersey, 
and  District  of  Columbia  organizations  were  aboard  a  great  number  of  dirty  uniforms 
was  very  marked,  and  it  was  very  difficult  to  keep  the  ship  clean;  while  the  Connec- 
ticut, Rhode  Island,  Maine,  and  Missouri  organizations  were  on  board  the  appearance 
of  men's  uniforms  was  normal  and  the  ship  was  in  her  normal  state  of  cleanliness. 

Appearance  of  men  when  reporting  aboard:  The  North  Carolina  organization  when 
reporting  was  noisy,  not  clean.  The  Connecticut  and  Missouri  organizations  presented 
A  remarkably  neat  and  orderly  appearance. 

Efficiency  of  organizations  in  engineering  department:  In  my  opinion  the  test  of 
the  efficiency  of  any  organization  of  the  Naval  Militia  as  far  as  its  engineer  personnel 
is  concerned  is  its  ability  to  report  aboard  ship  and  fit  into  the  organization  to  complete 
it  in  the  same  manner  as  a  draft  from  the  receiving  ship;  to  take  up  the  duties  assigned 
and  carry  on  the  ship's  work  as  well  as  this  work  is  carried  on  on  the  average  ship. 
The  organization  which  completely  failed  to  do  this  was  that  from  North  Carolina; 
the  organizations  which  only  partly  realized  this  standard  were  those  from  District 
of  Columbia  and  Pennsylvania;  the  organizations  that  most  nearly  approached  this 
.were  those  from  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  and  Missouri.  Maine  and  New  Jersey 
had  no  engineer  personnel.  Connecticut  in  my  opinion  possessed  the  most  efficient 
engineer  organization. 

Number  of  men  sent  to  a  ship  from  the  Naval  Militia  for  instruction  or  in  time  of 
war:  Too  many  men  from  the  Naval  Militia  were  sent  aboard  at  one  time,  having 
regard  for  the  length  of  time  they  were  aboard.  The  ship  could  not  assimilate  so  large 
ja  number  of  green  men,  and  was  in  more  or  less  of  the  position  of  a  ship  going  into 
commission  with  a  proportionate  number  of  new  recruits  with  insufficient  time  for 
training  them.  A  smaller  number  of  men  at  one  time  would  have  resulted  in  carrying 
on  ship's  work  with  greater  facility  and  less  comusion,  and  in  more  thoroughly  instruct- 
ing the  Naval  Militia  and  in  determining  the  efficiency  of  individuals  and  organizations. 

11.  Work  and  instruction  assigned  officers:  North  Carolina. — Instuction  watches  in 
engine  room.  District  of  Columbia. — Regular  watches  in  engine  room.  Pennsyl- 
vania.— Instruction  watches  in  engine  room.  ^  Connecticut. — Regular  watches  in 
engine  room.  Rhode  Island. — Regular  watches  in  engine  room.  Missouri. — Regular 
watches  in  engine  room. 

Enlisted  men:  Petty  officers  were  assigned  billets  in  the  regular  ship  organization 
and  were  paired  with  men  of  the  same  rating  regularly  attached  to  the  ship.  They 
stood  watch  and  performed  all  the  duties  of  the  men  with  whom  they  were  paired. 


NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  97 

Men  of  other  ratings  filled  vacancies  in  the  regular  ship's  organization  and  "were 
assigned  to  watches  and  cleaning  and  repair  stations  corresponding  to  their  billets. 
Where  possible,  endeavor  was  made  to  have  men  perform  the  same  duties  that  would 
be  required  of  them  were  they  a  draft  sent  to  complete  the  ship's  complement.  All 
men  took  part  in  ship's  drills  in  accordance  with  billets  assigned  them. 

12.  Character  of  cruise:  More  instruction  could  have  been  given  the  Naval  Militia 
had  the  cruise  been  divided  equally  between  sea  and  port;  that  is,  one  continuous 
week  at  sea  followed  by  one  continuous  week  at  some  place  such  as  Tangier  Sound  or 
Gardiners  Bay,  not  only  for  target  practice  but  for  routine  drills  and  routine   work 
in  port.      While  visiting  a  foreign  port  may  be  desirable  to  increase  interest  and 
enlistments  in  the  Naval  Militia,  the  two  days  given  to  this  visiting  are  lost,  and 
the  practice  in  my  opinion  is  questionable  because  it  leads  men  to  enlist  for  the 
sole  purpose  of  the  visit  and  not  for  the  purpose  of  improving  themselves  for  naval 
work.     The  necessity  for  this  visit  is  not  felt  on  the  Great  Lakes,  and  with  an  organiza- 
tion with  dependable  men  the  pride  due  to  the  efficiency  acquired  on  the  cruise  will, 
I  think,  be  compensation  enough  if  there  is  not  already  enough  offered  in  spending 
the  time  and  money  for  a  two  weeks'  cruise. 

13.  Whatever  incentive  or  motive  may  govern  the  officers  and  men  in  joining  the 
Naval  Militia  and  devoting  their  time  to  it,  the  general  spirit  of  an  organization  that 
attempts  to  do  its  best  and  win  commendation  for  its  real  efficiency  and  watch  with  a 
critical  eye  all  that  goes  on  without  jealous  remark  or  condemnation  of  another  organi- 
zation certainly  deserves  praise  and  admiration,  and  this  can  certainly  be  said  of  the 
organizations  from  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  Maine,  and  Missouri. 


REPORT  OP  SURG.  R.  B.  HENRY,  U.  S.  N.  (p.  79). 

[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island. 

(First  cruise.) 

1.  The  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island  sailed  from  Delaware  Bay  July  7  bound  for  Bermuda, 
having  on  board  the  Naval  Militia  battalions  of  the  District  of  Columbia  and  North 
Carolina  and  detachments  from  the  Naval  Militia  of  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey. 
One  medical  officer  accompanied  each  organization  except  the  detachment  from  Penn- 
sylvania.    Sick  call  for  the  regular  crew  was  held  daily  by  the  ship's  medical  officer 
at  8.15  a.  m.  and  for  the  Naval  Militia  organizations  by  their  own  medical  officers,  at 
8.45,  the  ship's  medical  officer  holding  sick  call  for  the  Pennsylvania  detachment: 
The  Rhode  Island  arrived  at  Bermuda  July  10,  and  left  two  days  later  for  Tangier  Sound 
to  hold  target  practice,  the  cruise  being  finally  completed  July  21. 

2.  The  men  of  the  Naval  Militia  were  for  the  most  part  healthy  and  in  good  physical 
condition  to  perform  their  duties.     Some  members  of  the  fireroom  force,  however, 
were  too  light  for  their  ratings,  and  did  not  bear  up  well  under  the  unaccustomed  labor 
and  high  temperature.     The  difficulty  of  obtaining  desirable  men  of  the  proper 
physique  for  this  laborious  duty  is  fully  realized,  but  until  the  general  adoption  of 
oil  fuel  in  marine  service,  no  effort  should  be  spared  in  maintaining  the  personnel  of 
this  branch  at  the  present  physical  standard  prescribed  for  the  fireroom  force  in  the 
regular  service.     No  serious  injuries  or  illness  occurred  during  the  cruise,  and  the  at- 
tendance at  the  sick  bay  was  little  larger  than  would  be  expected  in  a  regular  crew  of 
nearly  eleven  hundred  men. 

3.  The  medical  officers  on  board  were  Lieut.  Commander  R.  D.  Jones,  Naval  Militia, 
North  Carolina,  Lieut.  F.  W.  Morhart,  Naval  Militia,  District  of  Columbia,  and  Asst. 
Surg.  E.  C.  Pechin,  Naval  Militia,  New  Jersey.     These  officers,  who  are  experienced 
medical  practitioners,  displayed  a  keen  interest  in  matters  pertaining  to  the  medical 
department,  and  their  cooperation  and  courteous  assistance  at  all  times  was  greatly 
appreciated.     The  hospital-corps  men,  with  the  exception  of  a  hospital  steward  from 
the  New  Jersey  detachment,  were  all  from  the  District  of  Columbia  battalion.     Their 
senior  man  is  a  practicing  physician  and  an  instructor  in  a  prominent  medical  school, 
and  rendered  valuable  assistance  during  the  cruise.     The  others  were  for  the  most 
part  students  of  medicine  or  dentistry  in  their  second  or  third  years,  or  pharmacists. 
One  was  a  chemist  in  the  Bureau  of  Standards.     They  were  intelligent  and  willing, 
and  while  they,  in  many  cases,  lacked  the  practical  experience  which  would  be  ob- 
tained in  the  corresponding  ratings  of  the  regular  service,  they  represented  probably 
the  best  material  available  for  recruiting  the  hospital  corps  of  a  Naval  Militia  organiza- 
tion.    They  had  been  instructed  in  first-aid  and  hospital-corps  drill,  and  with  a  few 
weeks'  training  in  active  service  would  do  excellent  work.     While  aboard  this  ship 
they  received  practical  instruction  in  the  duties  of  the  hospital  corps,  and  they  per- 
formed the  work  assigned  in  a  manner  that  betokened  a  lively  interest  and  a  desire  to 
profit  by  the  opportunities  offered  for  improvement. 


98  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

H. 

RKPORT  OF  SURG.  R.   B.   HENRY.   U.   S.   N.   (p.   79). 

(Second  cruise.) 
[See  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.) 

1.  The  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island  took  on  board  July  23  at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  the  Con- 
necticut Naval  Reserves  to  the  number  of  244  men  arid  15  officers,  also  at  the  same  time 
and  place  5  officers  and  32  men  of  the  Missouri  Reserves,  and  on  July  24,  at  Newport 
the  Rhode  Island  Reserves,  154  men  and  11  officers.     Finally,  at  Portland,  Me.,  on 
July  25,  we  completed  our  Naval  Reserve  complement  with  the  Maine  Naval  Reserves, 
145  men  and  10  officers.     Made  a  cruise  to  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  arriving  on  the  27th, 
leaving  on  the  30th  for  Newport,  R.  1.,  where  on  August  2  the  Rhode  Island  and  part 
of  the  Missouri  Reserves  disembarked.     Target   practice  was  conducted  in  Gardners 
Bay,  and  on  August  6  at  New  Haven,  the  Connecticut  and  remaining  Missouri  Reserves 
disembarked.     The  cruise  was  completed  at  Portland,  Me.,  August  8,  when  the  Maine 
Reserves  disembarked. 

2.  The  health  of  the  men  and  officers  was  good  on  the  cruise  as  far  as  was  determined 
by  observation  of  the  men  and  officers  individually,  and  as  organizations  the  physique 
was  good.     Men  of  the  Rhode  Island  and  Connecticut  organizations  had  received 
antityphoid  prophylaxis. 

3.  Dr.  W.  H.  Crowe,  of  New  Haven,  medical  officer  of  the  Connecticut  Reserves 
(three  years  Naval  Reserve  service),  displayed  keen  interest  in  and  liking  for  the  naval 
service.     The  hospital  corps  consisted  of   one  hospital  steward  and  three  hospital 
apprentices,  first  class.     They  were  all  registered  pharmacists  except  one,  who  was  a 
motorman  in  civil  life.     Five  years'  previous  service  as  a  nurse  and  several  years 
continuously  with  the  Naval  Reserves  of  Connecticut  has  qualified  him  to  be  fairly 
efficient  in  his  rate.     The  hospital  steward  was  the  subject  of  an  attack  of  epilepsy 
during  the  cruise,  and  while  efficient  as  to  knowledge  he  is  probably  unfit  for  the 
service.     Dr.  M.  W.  Houghton,  of  Providence,  medical  officer  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Reserves,  has  had  long  experience  in  Naval  Reserve  work,  having  been  connected 
with  the  organization  for  many  years,  itself  evidence  of  his  zeal  and  regard  for  the  work. 
He  is,  in  addition,  acting  assistant  surgeon  of  the  Public  Health  and  Marine-Hospital 
Service  for  the  port  of  Providence. 

The  hospital  corps  consisted  of  one  hospital  steward  and  one  hospital  apprentice 
first  class,  both  registered  pharmacists. 

Missouri  had  no  medical  officer  and  no  hospital  corps. 

Dr.  M.  C.  Webber,  of  Portland,  made  his  first  cruise  as  medical  officer  of  the  Maine 
Naval  Reserves.  He  is  well  equipped  professionally  and  displayed  commendable 
interest  in  acquiring  familiarity  with  a  medical  officer's  duties  on  board  ship. 

Maine  had  no  hospital  corps. 

I. 

(Sefr  Report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N  ,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island,  p.  79. 

SCHEDULE  OP  DRILLS.  FIRST  CRUISE,  JULY  0-21,  1914,  NORTH  CAROLINA,  PENN- 
SYLVANIA, NEW  JERSEY,  AND  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA  (p.  79). 

Monday,  July  6,  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia  stationed,  billeted  in  part 
of  ship. 

Drill  and  instruction,  Tuesday,  July  7,  1914. 

NAVAL   MILITIA,    DISTRICT    OF    COLUMBIA   AND    NORTH   CAROLINA. 

8.45.  Test  of  fire  control  and  telephones.  (All  sight  setters  of  turrets  and  6-inch 
guns  man  phones  and  check  visuals.) 

9.15.  Quarters. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45.  Fire  drill  (each  man  should  be  at  his  station  and  instructed  in  duties). 

10.  Secure.     Fall  in  at  quarters. 

10.30.  Collision  drill  (special  attention  paid  to  collision  mat  and  water-tight  doors). 

10.45.  Abandon  ship  (take  stations;  do  not  provide  station  crews;  Naval  Militia 
officers  will  take  charge  of  their  own  men  assigned  to  life  rafts.) 

11.15.  Secure. 

11.25.  Retreat. 

1.15  to  2.20.  (a)  District  of  Columbia,  3-inch  loading  gun  and  dotter;  remainder  of 
division  instruction  in  8-inch  waist  turrets  and  inspection  of  ship. 

(6)  North  Carolina,  station  at  6-inch  guns  and  take  general  quarters  stations. 


NAVAL   MILITIA    CRUISES    11)14.  99 

2.30  to  4.  (a)  North  Carolina,  3-inch   loading  gun  and  dotter;  safety  precautions; 
remainder  of  division  inspection  of  ship. 
(6)  District  of  Columbia,  stations  for  general  quarters  and  night  torpedo  defense. 

Forenoon,  Wednesday,  July  8,  1914. 

8.45.  Fire  control  and  tests  (gun  captains  and  sight  setters  man  telephones,  t«-st 
phones  and  visuals  12-inch,  8-inch,  6-inch  guns). 

9.15.  Quarters  and  inspection  (all  division  mustered  at  quarters  and  inspected  by 
division  officers). 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45.  Fire  drill  (division  officers  inspect  and  check  up  stations  of  men). 

10.05.  Secure. 

10.10.  Collision  drill  and  instruction  in  collision  mat. 

10.30.  Secure. 

10.30  to  11.30.  District  of  Columbia — (a)  Target-practice  crews  loading  and  dot'cr 
drill,  3-inch  guns. 

(6)  Instruction  in  nomenclature  of  ship,  knotting  and  splicing;  naval  etiquette. 

North  Carolina,  6-inch  battery  drill,  instruction  in  duties  at  general  quarters,  load- 
ing drill  at  6-inch  loading  machine. 

Pennsylvania,  stations  and  instructions  at  general  quarters'  duties,  divisional  duties 
in  part  of  ship,  standing  watch  and  ship's  organization  (use  this  period  to  "shake  down. " 

Now  Jersey,  stations  and  instructions  in  general  quarters'  duties  in  part  of  ship, 
standing  watch  and  ship's  organization  (use  this  period  to  "shake  down.") 

Afternoon,  Wednesday,  July  8,  1914. 

The  following  hours  are  assigned  to  drilling  target-practice  crews  at  3-inch  loading 
and  dotter  drill;  1.15  to  2.15;  North  Carolina;  2.15  to  3.15,  Pennsylvania;  3.15  to  4.15, 
New  Jersey. 

1.15.  Drill  call. 

District  of  Columbia — (a)  8-inch  turret  drill,  instruction  in  safety  precautions. 

(b)  Stations  and  drill,  night  torpedo  defense. 

North  Carolina,  divisional  instruction,  naval  etiquette,  general  duties  in  part  of 
ship. 

Pennsylvania — (a)  Night  torpedo  defense  stations. 

(6)  Inspection  of  ship. 

3.30.  Retreat. 

Forenoon,  Thursday,  July  9,  1914 — Field  day. 
9.15  to  11.15.  Navigation  class  in  wardroom  mess  room. 

Afternoon,  Thursday,  July  9,  1914. 

1.  Drill  call,  loading  and  dotter  drills,  assigned  as  follows:  1  to  2,  New  Jersey;  2  to 
3,  North  Carolina;  3  to  4,  Pennsylvania;  4  to  5,  District  of  Columbia. 

1  to  3.  New  Jersey,  instruction  and  drill,  general  quarters  stations. 

North  Carolina,  divisional  instruction,  deep-sea  soundings,  compass  (Swedish 
exercise). 

District  of  Columbia,  divisional  instruction,  signals,  lead  line,  and  naval  etiquette. 

Pennsylvania,  instruction  and  drill.     General  quarters. 

Night  torpedo-defense  stations. 

Three-inch  pointers  and  sight  setters  may  be  exercised  at  No.  11  and  No.  12  3-inch 
guns  whenever  division  officers  find  an  opportunity  in  afternoon. 
7.30  to  8.  Night  torpedo-defense  quarters  (weather  permitting). 

Friday,  July  10,  1914. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters  (or  when  anchoring). 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill,  Pennsylvania. 

10.30  to  11.30  a.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill.     District  of  Columbia. 

1.15  to  2.15  p.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill,  North  Carolina. 

2.15  to  3.15  p.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill,  New  Jersey. 

3.15  to  4  p.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill,  District  of  Columbia. 

4  to  5  p.  m.  Loading  and  dotter  drill,  New  Jersey  and  North  Carolina. 

10  to  11.  Class  in  navigation,  wardroom  mes*  room. 


100  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

Saturday,  July  11,  1914 — Bermuda. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters;  inspection. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.30  a.  m.  Man  following  boats: 

First  cutter,  District  of  Columbia. 

Second  cutter,  New  Jersey. 

First  whaleboat,  District  of  Columbia. 

Second  whaleboat,  New  Jersey. 

First  dinghy,  District  of  Columbia. 

Second  dinghy,  New  Jersey. 

10.25  a.  m.  Boats  will  return  and  be  manned  as  follows: 

First  cutter,  North  Carolina. 

Second  cutter,  Pennsylvania. 

First  whaleboat,  North  Carolina. 

Second  whaleboat,  Pennsylvania. 

First  dinghy,  North  Carolina. 

Second  dinghy,  Pennsylvania. 

11.40  a.  m.  Retreat. 

Loading  and  dotter  drill: 

9.45  a.  m.  North  Carolina. 

10.45  to  11 .45  a.  m.  New  Jersey. 

1.15  to  2.15  p.  m.  Pennsylvania. 

2.15  to  3.15  p.  m.  District  of  Columbia. 

Sunday,  July  12,  1914—  Bermuda. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters;  inspection. 

10  to  11  a.  m.  Navigation  class;  wardroom. 

The  loading  gun  and  dotters  will  be  n "a1*! able  as  follows: 

9.40  to  10.40 Pennsylvania 3.15  te  3.45. 

10.40  to  11.40 North 'Carolina 3.45  to  4.35. 

1.15  to  2.16 New  Jersey 4.15  to  4.45. 

2.15  to  3.15 District  of  Columbia 4.45  to  5.15. 

Monday,  July  13,  1914 — Passage  lo  Tatujici-  ^nun<L 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  a.  m.  North  Carolina,  target  practice  drill  with  3-inch  guns  assigned;  Pennsyl- 
vania, target-practice  drill  with  3-inch  guns  assigned;  New  Jersey,  target-practice 
drill  with  3-inch  guns  assigned. 

11.30  a.  m.  Secure. 

1.15  p.  m.  Drill  call.  North  Carolina  and  District  of  Columbia,  prepare  custom 
lists;  Pennsylvania,  target-practice  drill  with  3-inch  guns. 

4  to  5  p.  m.  Class  in  navigation,  wardroom. 

8.30  p.  m.  Night  fire  quarters. 

Loading  and  dotter  gun  No.  8,  3-inrh,  assigned  as  follov.'s: 

9.45  to  10.45 District  of  Columbia 3. J 5  to  4. 

10.45  to  11. 45.... North  Carolina 4  to  4.45. 

1.15  to  2.15 New  Jersey 4.45  to  5.15. 

2.15  to  3.15 Pennsylvania 5.15  to  5.45. 

Tuesday,  July  14,  1914 — Passage  to  ToM'rier  Sound. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters;  inspection. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  a.  m.  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey  prepare  custom  lists;  North  Carolina, 
target-practice  drill;  District  of  Columbia,  loading  and  dotter  drill. 

10.45  to  11.45  a.  m.  North  Carolina,  loading  and  dotter  drill;  Pennsylvania,  target- 
practice  drill;  District  of  Columbia,  target-practice  drill;  New  Jersey,  target-practice 
drill. 

1.15  to  2.15  p.  m.  Pennsylvania,  loading  and  dotter  drill;  North  Carolina,  target- 
practice  drill;  New  Jersey,  target -practice  drill;  District  of  Columbia,  target-practice 

2.15  to  3.15  p.  m.  New  Jersey  loading  and  dotter  drill. 


NAVAL   MILITIA    CRUISES '  1914:  101 

2.15  to  4.15  p.  m.  All  States  overhaul  battwjr/ mspec«  eartrfdge'a,"  anc!  'make  final 
preparations  for  target  practice. 
4  to  5  p.  m.  Class  in  navigation;  wardroom. 

Wednesday,  July  15,  1914— Tangier  Sound. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters;  inspection;  division  officers  inspect  each  man;  no  one  to  be 
allowed  to  remain  in  dirty  clothes  unless  absolutely  unavoidable 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  a.  m.  Retreat. 

9.45  to  11.30  a.  m.  All  States  prepare  battery  for  target  practice;  assist  in  planting 
range  buoys;  check  bore  sights. 

1.15  to  2.30  p.  m.  Check  range  and  make  standardization  run  (if  range  is  laid  out). 

3  p.  m.  Target  practice,  District  of  Columbia. 

Thursday,  July  16,  1914,  Tangier  Sound. 
Target  practice  District  of  Columbia  and  Pennsylvania. 

Friday,  July  17,  1914,  Tangier  Sound. 
Target  practice  New  Jersey  and  North  Carolina. 

Saturday,  July  18,  1914,  Old  Point  Comfort,  Fa. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters,  inspection. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  a.  m.  Officers  and  division  of  officers  inspect  magazines,  etc.,  with  ordnance 
officer. 

10.45  a.  m.  Gunnery  meeting;  wardroom;  all  officers. 

Instruction  of  quartermasters  at  sounding  machine  and  coxswains  at  heaving  the 
lead  during  the  forenoon. 

Sunday,  July  19,  1914. 

Coaled  ship.     North  Carolina  disembarked. 

Monday,  July  20,  1914. 
District  of  Columbia  disembarked;  navigation;  field  day. 

Tuesday,  July  21,  1914. 
New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  disembarked. 

SECOND  CRUISE. 

Thursday,  July  23,  19U. 

Connecticut  and  Maine  embarked  at  10  a.  m.  and  assigned  billets. 
1.15  to  4  p.  m.  Assigned  and  instructed  in  ship's  duties  in  part  of  ship. 

Friday,  July  24,  1914. 

Rhode  Island  embarked  at  Newport,  R.  I. 

Connecticut  formed  gun  crews  and  began  work  with  dotter. 

Rhode  Island  billeted  and  instructed  in  stations. 

All  quartermasters  instructed  in  sounding  machine. 

Started  navigation  classes. 

Saturday,  July  25,  1914. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters.  Inspection  (division  officers  inspect  and  report).  No  dirty 
clothing  will  be  allowed. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.50  a.  m.  Fire  quarters  (division  officers  inspect  and  see  each  man  properly  sta- 
tioned before  reporting  to  executive  officer). 

10.15  a.  m.  Secure. 


102  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

10.20  c,.  rji.  Collision,  drj.ll  (e.jch  division  to  be  instructed  in  handling  collision 

11.30  a.  m.  Secure. 

1.15  p.  m.  Drill  call;  navigation;  wardroom;  Ensign  King.  Ship's  work  and 
inspection  of  ship  by  Naval  Militia.  Loading  and  dotter  drill  as  follows:  Connecti- 
cut, 1.15  to  3;  Missouri,  3  to  3.45;  Rhode  Island,  3.45  to  4.15  p.  m. 

4.30  to  5.30  p.  m.  gunnery  meeting;  wardroom;  all  officers. 

Maine  embarked  at  4  p.  m. 

Sunday,  July  26,  1914. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters;  inspection  (division  officers  inspect). 

9.30  a.  m.  -Physical  drill. 

9.45.  a.  m.  Retreat. 

10  to  11.30  a.  m.  Navigation  classes  (a)  and  (6)  ,  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

1.30  to  3.30  p.  m.  Navigation  classes  (a)  and  (6s),  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

4  p.  m.  Stations  for  abandon  ship  (do  not  provide). 

The  dotter  at  No.  8  and  No.  9  3-inch  guns  will  be  available  for  pointing  drill,  as 
follows:  Connecticut,  10  to  11.30  a.  m.;  Rhode  Island,  1.15  to  2;  Missouri,  2  to  2.30; 
Maine,  2.30  to  3.45  p.  m. 

Monday,  July  27,  1914. 

8.45  a.  m.  Fire-control  tests  (officers  inspect  substations). 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters,  inspection  (division  officers  inspect). 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

10  a.  m.  Secure. 

10.05  a.  m.  Retreat. 

10.10  to  11.30  a.  m.  Navigation  classes  (a)  and  (6),   Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

11. 30  a.  m.  Retreat. 

1.15  to  2.30  p.  m.  Station  officers  and  men  day  general  quarters  (ordnance  officers 
to  be  stationed  by  ship's  ordnance  officer).  Hold  turret,  6-inch,  and  plotting-room 
drills. 

2.30  to  3.30  p.  m.  Spotters'  drill  in  armory. 

4.45  to  5.30  p.  m.  Ordnance  officers'  instruction;  ordnance  office.  Loading  and  dot- 
ter drills  at  No.  8  and  No.  9  3-inch  guns,  as  follows,  for  target-practice  crews:  10.10  to 
11.30  a.  m.,  Maine;  2.80  to  3.30  p.  m.,  Connecticut.  Check  telescope  and  3-inch  gun 
instruction,  Nos.  5  and  7  guns,  as  follows:  10.10  to  11.30  a.  m.,  Rhode  Island;  2.30  to 
3.30  p.  m,,  Missouri. 

Tuesday,  July  28,  1914. 

9.15  a.  m.  Quarters  inspection. 

9.30  a.  m.  Physical  drill. 

9.45.  Retreat. 

10  a.  m.  Connecticut,  boat  drill — first  and  second  cutters,  first  and  second  whale- 
boats. 

2.30  to  3.30  p.  m.  Maine,  boat  drill,  same.  Navigation  classes  (a)  and  (6),  Lieut. 
Pence  and  Ensign  King,  10  to  11.30  a.  m. 

Spotting  drill,  armory,  1.15  to  2.15  p.  m..  all  spotters.  Loading  and  dotter  drills  as 
follows,  at  Nos.  8  and  93-inch  guns:  9. 45  to  11. 30 a.  m.,  Maine;  1.15 to 2. 45,  Connecticut; 
2.45  to  3.45,  Rhode  Island ;  3.45  to  4.30  p.  m.,  Missouri. 

Wednesday,  July  29,  1914. 

9.15.  Quarters. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45.  Retreat. 

9.50  to  10.40.  Boat  drill,  Rhode  Island  and  Missouri.  Rhode  Island  mans  first  and 
second  cutters;  Missouri  mans  first  and  second  dinghys.  Lifeboat  drill,  Connecticut 
and  Maine. 

10.40  to  11.30.  Boat  drill,  Maine,  first  and  second  cutters,  first  and  second  whale- 
boats. 

1.15  to  2.30.  Boat  drill,  Connecticut,  first  and  second  cutters,  first  and  second 
dinghys.  Lifeboat  drill,  Rhode  Island  and  Missouri. 

Loading  and  dotter  drill  as  follows:  9.50  to  10.40,  Connecticut;  10.40  to  11.30, 
Maine;  1.15  to  2,  Rhode  Island;  2  to  2.45,  Missouri.  Connecticut  and  Maine  bore- 
sight  3-inch  gun. 


NAVAL    MILITIA   CRUISES    1914.  103 

Thursday,  July  SO,  1914- 

9.15.  Quarters;  inspection. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.50.  General  quarters  (all  stations  manned  by  militia  and  ship's  force). 

10.40.  Secure. 

10.45  to  11.30.  Dotter  drill,  Connecticut;  target-practice  drill,  Maine;  ship's  work, 
Rhode  Island  and  Missouri. 

1.15  to  2.30.  Dotter  drill,  Maine;  target-practice  drill,  Connecticut;  ship's  work, 
Rhode  Island  and  Missouri. 

2.30  to  3.30.  Dotter  drill,  Rhode  Island. 

3.30  to  4.30.  Dotter  drill,  Missouri. 

1.30  to  4.  Navigation  classes  a  and  6;  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

Friday,  July  31,  1914. 

9.15.  Quarters.     Ship's  company,  Maine  and  Missouri  prepare  customs  lists. 

9.45  to  10.40.  Dotter  drill,  Connecticut;  target-practice  drill,  Rhode  Island. 

10.40  to  11.30.  Dotter  drill,  Rhode  Island;  target-practice  drill,  Connecticut. 

1.15  to  2.30.  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island  prepare  customs  lists. 

2.30  to  3.30.  Dotter  drill,  Missouri. 

3.30  to  4.30.  Navigation  classes  a  and  b;  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

8.30.  Night  fire  quarters. 

Saturday,  August  1,  1914. 

9.15.  Quarters. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  to  10.45.  Connecticut,  loading, drill  No.  8  3-inch  gun;  Maine,  target-practice 
rehearsal;  Missouri,  inspect  aft  12-inch  turret;  Rhode  Island,  inspect  forward  turret. 

10.45  to  11.30.  Target-practice  rehearsal,  Connecticut;  Maine,  loading  drill  3-inch 
gun;  Missouri,  target-practice  rehearsal;  Rhode  Island,  6-inch  loading  drill. 

1.15  to  4.  Connecticut  and  Maine,  complete  bore  sighting,  scrape  projectiles  and 
prepare  battery  for  firing;  Missouri  and  Rhode  Island  inspect  torpedo  rooms,  and 
receive  instructions  in  diving  gear  on  forecastle. 

1.15  to  3.30.  Navigation  classes  a  and  6;  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

Sunday,  August  2,  1914. 

9.15.  Quarters. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  to  11.30.  Maine,  boat  exercises  independently  under  division  officers;  Con- 
necticut, target-practice  rehearsal. 

1.15  to  2.30.  Connecticut,  boats  exercise  independently  under  division  officers; 
Maine,  target-practice  rehearsal;  Rhode  Island  and  Missouri  disembarked. 

Monday,  August  3,  1914. 

Maine,  Connecticut,  and  Missouri. 

9.15.  Quarters;  inspection. 

9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45.  Target-practice  rehearsal;  prepare  battery  for  practice. 

11.30.  Secure. 

1.15  to  4.30.  Laying  out  target  range;  target-practice  rehearsal;  spotting  drill. 

5.  Gunnery  meeting  in  wardroom. 

7.30  to  9  p.m.  Navigation. 

Tuesday,  August  4,  1914. 
Checking  up  range;  target-practice  rehearsals. 

Wednesday,  August  5,  1914. 
Target  practice. 

Thursday,  August  6,  1914. 

Ship's  work;  bore  sighting  guns  of  ship. 
Connecticut  and  Missouri  disembarked. 
Instruction  and  use  of  sounding  machine,  Maine. 


104  NAVAL    MILITIA   CRUISES   19U. 

Friday,  August  7,  1914. 
9.15.  Quarters. 
9.30.  Physical  drill. 
9.45.  Six-inch  loading  drill. 
10.45.  Inspection  of  torpedo  rooms. 
11.30.  Retreat. 

1.15.  Turret-pointing  drill;  assign  men  to  all  12-inch  and  8-inch  turrets;  dotter 
drill;  ship's  pointers. 
3.15.  Secure. 
3.15  to  4.30.  Ship's  work. 
1.15  to  4.  Navigation  classes  a  and  6;  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 

Saturday,  August  8,  1914. 
9.15.  Quarters. 
9.30.  Physical  drill. 

9.45  to  11.  Instruction  in  ground  tackle  forecastle;  sign  pay  accounts. 
10  to  11.  Navigation  classes  a  and  6;  Lieut.  Pence  and  Ensign  King. 
1.  Disembark. 

J. 

REPORT  OP  LIEUT.  W.  R.  VAN  AUKEN,  U.  S.  N.    (pp.  78,  80). 
[See  report  of  Capt.  C.  S.  Williams,  U.  S.  N.,  U.  S.  S.  Rhode  Island.] 

1.  The  following  report  is  submitted  upon  the  gunnery  work  of  the  Naval  Militia  of 
the  States  of  North  Carolina,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  District  of  Columbia,  Maine, 
Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  and  Missouri. 

2.  On  the  first  cruise,  beginning  July  6,  1914,  the  militia  organizations  of  North 
Carolina,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  and  District  of  Columbia  started  gunnery  train- 
ing the  day  after  arrival  aboard  ship.     Three-inch  guns  were  assigned  to  each  State 
for  use  in  drill,  preparation  for  and  use  in  target  practice.     Each  State  was  responsible 
for  its  own  guns  and  took  great  interest  in  preparing  them  for  target  practice.     Periods 
were  assigned  for  loading  and  dotter  drill  and  much  progress  was  made.     The  gunnery 
officer  of  each  State  arranged  his  system  of  fire  control  and  submitted  it  to  the  gunnery 
officer  of  the  ship  for  approval.     Instructions  were  given  in  turret  and  6-inch  guns. 
Stations  were  assigned  for  night  torpedo  defense  and  day  general  quarters.     General 
instruction  was  given  in  fire-control  methods.     A  tour  of  inspection  was  made  of  all 
magazines,  shell  rooms,  fire-control  stations,  and  torpedo  rooms.     The  Rules  for  Target 
Practice  were  thoroughly  discussed,  instruction  given  in  safety  precautions,  spotting, 
and  methods  of  conducting  short  and  long  range  practices  in  the  Navy.     Bore  sighting 
was  done  in  Bermuda  and  again  checked  in  Tangier  Sound.     Ship's  officers  assisted 
and  checked  sights. 

3.  Record  target  practice  was  held  in  Tangier  Sound,  July  16-17,  1914.     The  range 
was  laid  by  officers  from  the  Rhode  Island,  who  also  acted  as  umpires.     Rough  weather 
made  boating  difficult  and  the  frail  design  of  raft  with  only  300-pound  anchors  caused 
much  delay  in  carrying  out  practice.     It  was  impossible  to  keep  rafts  in  position 
with  a  stiff  breeze  and  rough  sea.    A  few  short  shots  hitting  the  rafts  made  it  necessary 
to  hoist  the  rafts  on  board  for  repair  and  discontinue  the  practice  for  four  hours.     With 
the  exception  of  delays  incident  to  repairing  rafts,  the  practice  ran  off  smoothly.     The 
commanding  officer  of  each  State  handled  the  ship  on  the  range  and  the  battery  was 
fired  without  casualty  or  interruption.     As  few  gun  crews  had  received  previous 
training  with  a  3-inch  gun  before  coming  on  board,  this  work  was  most  commendable. 
It  demonstrated  that  green  men  can  be  quickly  and  well  trained,  and  that  little  time 
is  necessary  to  train  a  loading  crew.     In  general  the  work  of  the  pointers  was  excellent. 
The  ship  had  no  motion  and  conditions  were  ideal  for  accurate  pointing. 

The  following  comments  are  made  on  the  practice  of  the  different  organizations 
firing. 

North  Carolina. — The  officers  and  men  had  a  fighting  spirit.  The  majority  are 
accustomed  to  rifle  shooting,  and  their  training  brought  them  to  a  high  degree  of 
shooting  efficiency.  Added  to  this,  their  fire-control  officer  and  spotter,  Ensign 
Vanderhoof,  United  States  Navy,  retired,  is  an  officer  of  experience,  spirit,  and  splen- 
did judgment.  He  arranged  his  system  and  drilled  assiduously  at  fire-control  and 
target-practice  rehearsals.  The  combined  work  of  North  Carolina  in  all  phases  of 
preparation  for  and  during  practice  was  most  excellent  and  reflects  great  credit  upon 
Ensign  Vanderhoof  as  ordnance  officer,  fire-control  officer,  and  spotter. 

Pennsylvania. — The  pointing  and  loading  crews  were  well  drilled  but  the  fire-control 
was  not  arranged  nor  drilled  at  sufficiently  before  the  practice.  There  were  no  spotters 
of  experience  and  the  main  weakness  at  practice  was  in  fire  control  and  spotting. 
The  pointing  was  good. 


NAVAL    MILITIA   CRUISES   1914.  105 

District  of  Columbia. — Crews  were  well  drilled  in  pointing  and  loading.  The  fire- 
control  system  was  not  arranged  early  enough,  the  spotters  without  experience,  and 
a  change  was  made  in  system  just  before  practice  which  proved  disastrous.  Not 
sufficient  drill  was  held  in  target-practice  rehearsals.  Lack  of  system  and  spotting 
ruined  the  pointers'  work. 

New  Jersey. — The  drills  were  thoroughly  and  well  conducted.  There  were  few 
officers  with  the  organization  on  board.  The  fire-control  officer  and  spotter,  Lieut. 
Hodgson,  took  a  great  interest  in  gunnery,  and  fell  down  from  lack  of  experience  only. 
The  work  of  pointers  and  loading  crews  was  very  excellent.  During  all  gunnery 
drills  and  at  target  practice  the  work  of  the  officers  and  men  of  New  Jersey  was  of  the 
highest  order. 

4.  From  general  observation  of  the  personnel  of  the  different  organizations  during 
the  cruise  1  have  the  following  comments  to  make: 

North  Carolina. — Men  poorly  uniformed  and  poorly  disciplined;  officers  inexperi- 
enced, lacking  in  the  military  habit  and  knowledge  of  a  naval  officer's  duties.  It  is 
suggested  that  an  officer  be  detailed  to  thoroughly  inspect  the  Naval  Militia  of  North 
Carolina,  reorganize  the  divisions,  and  act  as  instructor  throughout  the  year.  All 
officers  and  men  appear  to  be  anxious  to  learn  and  seem  to  appreciate  the  instruction 
and  advice  given  on  this  cruise.  Ensign  Vanderhoof,  United  States  Navy,  is  the 
logical  man  for  ordnance  officer  of  the  organization  and  inspector  for  the  State.  With 
the  spirit  existing,  this  organization  can  be  whipped  into  good  shape  by  an  officer 
of  the  Navy. 

Pennsylvania. — Discipline,  good;  condition  of  personnel,  excellent;  coordination 
seems  to  be  lacking  in  organization. 

District  of  Columbia. — Discipline,  good;  condition  of  personnel,  excellent;  smart 
in  drills. 

New  Jersey. — This  organization  could  come  aboard  ship  and  perform  important 
duties  immediately.  The  officers  and  men  are  smart  in  all  ship's  drills  and  work. 
The  condition  of  clothing  and  military  bearing  of  the  personnel  are  to  be  especially 
commended. 

5.  On  the  second  cruise  beginning  July  26,  1913,  Naval  Militia  embarked  from  the 
following  States:  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island,  Maine,  and  Missouri.     Drills  in  prepa- 
ration for  target  practice  were  begun  immediately  and  3-inch  guns  assigned  to  the 
different  organizations.     Special  attention  was  given  to  organization  of  fire  control 
and  necessity  of  fire-control  drills.     The  ordnance  officers  of  the  militia  met  frequently 
in  consultation  with  the  gunnery  officer  of  the  ship  to  discuss  their  plans,  rules  for 
practice,  and  settle  questions  pertaining  to  training  or  target  practice.     Spotting 
drills  were  held  on  spotting  board  and  special  attention  was  given  to  training  officers 
for  fire  control  and  spotting  duties.     Instruction  was  given  in  turret  duties,  and  the 
fire-control  system  of  the  ship  was  explained  to  all  officers. 

Day  general  quarters  was  held  at  sea  with  all  stations  manned.  Although  Rhode 
Island  and  Missouri  did  not  expect  to  fire,  they  were  drilled  and  trained  the  same  aa 
Connecticut  and  Maine.  Target  practice  was  held  in  Gardiners  Bay,  August  5,  1914. 
Connecticut,  Maine,  and  Missouri  militia  fired.  Two  officers  and  eight  men  from  Mis- 
souri volunteered  to  remain  for  the  practice,  and  one  gun's  crew  was  formed  and  fired 
with  officers  from  the  Maine  militia  in  the  fire-control  party.  Considerable  difficulty 
was  experienced  in  keeping  target  rafts  in  position.  The  anchors  of  the  raft  were  not 
heavy  enough  to  hold  against  wind  and  tide  with  screens  spread;  one  short  shot  put 
raft  out  of  commission  on  one  run  with  Maine  firing,  the  screen  was  at  such  an  angle 
to  course  of  ship  that  its  length  was  reduced  to  about  one-half.  The  work  of  Connect- 
icut was  excellent  in  pointing,  loading,  and  fire  control.  Due  to  deflection  drums 
slipping  on  two  guns , target  screen  at  considerable  angle,  and  errors  of  fire  control  the 
score  of  Maine  was  poor. 

6.  From  general  observation  of  the  personnel  of  the  different  organizations  during 
ihe  second  cruise  I  have  the  following  comments  to  make: 

Connecticut.— Officers  and  men  have  a  fine  spirit  and  are  well  disciplined.  In 
general  drills  and  work  they  took  great  interest.  Their  preparation  for  target  practice 
was  very  thorough.  This  organization  is  fortunate  in  having  so  many  officers  and  men 
of  experience  aboard  ship. 

Rhode  Island.— This  organization  is  especially  smart  in  handling  boats.  The  dis- 
cipline is  good .  It  was  unfortunate  that  the  crews  could  not  remain  for  target  practice. 

Ifame.— Officers  and  men  were  interested  in  target  practice,  but  carelessness  in 
boresi°-hting  guns  and  poor  fire  control  caused  the  low  score. 

Missouri  —The  officers  and  men  while  not  accustomed  to  seagoing  displayed  remark- 
able interest  and  were  eager  to  learn.  That  officers  and  men  volunteered  to  remain 
on  board  after  organization  had  been  detached  is  most  commendable. 

7.  Considering  the  two  cruises,  my  general  observations  are  as  follows: 


106  NAVAL    MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

1.  Officers  and  men  are  not  given  sufficiently  strict  physical  examination  in  a 
number  of  organizat:ons. 

2.  Some  organizations  have  too  many  officers  and  too  much  rank. 

3.  Officers  and  men  could  be  trained  in  a  short  time  to  perform  all  duties  in  turrets 
and  fire  control.    Their  services  would  be  of  greatest  value. 

4.  The  cruise  to  Bermuda  uninterrupted  by  stops  and  bad  weather  and  all  organi- 
zations firing  was  more  successful  than  cruise  to  Halifax. 

5.  There  were  too  many  officers  and  men  aboard  to  assign  important  duties.     With 
one  or  two  organizations  aboard  at  a  time  the  ship's  regular  routine  could  be  carried  out. 

6.  Greater  benefit  is  derived  by  being  on  a  battleship  in  fleet  formation. 

7.  The  only  advantages  of  having  four  organizations  together  at  one  time  appear  to 
be  to  promote  competition  in  drills  and  target  practice. 

8.  The  following  suggestions  are  made: 

1.  Allow  militia  officers  to  be  with  fleet  any  time  they  desire  to  make  a  cruise;  give 
them  every  opportunity  to  keep  in  touch  with  service  matters.     Those  who  show 
special  aptitude  should  be  assigned  important  duties  on  a  ship  in  service  target 
practice. 

2.  Establish  a  definite  policy  as  to  just  what  type  of  duties  the  Naval  Militia  may 
be  called  upon  to  perform  in  time  of  war,  whether  battleship,  gunboat,  destroyer,  or 
navy  yard.    Based  upon  this  policy,  the  instruction  and  training  should  be  along 
these  lines.     Assign  a  regular  officer  as  instructor  and  inspector  for  the  militia  of  each 
State. 

3.  Emphasize  the  importance  of  fire  control  and  spotting.     Such  drills  can  be 
canied  on  by  organizations  in  their  armories. 

4.  Arrange  cruise  for  all  organizations  with  the  fleet  so  as  to  become  accustomed  to 
fleet  routine. 


GREAT  LAKES  SQUADRON. 

Commander  A.  W.  HINDS,  United  States  Navy,  squadron  commander. 

1.  In  obedience  to  orders  from  the  Navy  Department  I  joined  the  U.  S.  S.  Ma  de 
Luzonat  Chicago,  111.,  on  August  6,  1914;  sailed  from  Chicago  on  August  9,  and  arrived 
at  the  first  division  rendezvous,  latitude  45°  45X  N.,  longitude  88°  50'  W.,  at  8  a.  m.  on 
August  11, 1914.     The  Hawk  and  Dorothea  joined  at  8  a.  m.  on  that  date  and  the  Essex 
at  o  p.  m.     The  Wolverine,  on  account  of  head  winds,  did  not  join  the  squadron  until 
11. 30  a.  m.  August  12. 

2.  The  four  ships  waited  at  the  rendezvous  for  the  Wolverine  until  4  p.  m.  of  August 
11,  and  then  sailed  to  attack  Mackinac  Island,  as  ordered  by  referenced  letter.     The 
plan  of  attack  was  one  worked  out  by  the  captains  of  the  ships  mentioned,  as  this  was 
regarded  as  a  problem  for  the  Naval  Militia  officers. 

3.  The  Essex,  Dorothea,  and  Hawk  were  placed  in  column  lighted  up  as  a  long  tow, 
and  the  Luzon,  lighted  to  represent  a  passenger  steamer,  took  a  course  to  converge  with 
the  tow  on  the  steamer  track  10  miles  to  eastward  of  Mackinac  Island.     The  attar-king 
vessels  were  discovered  by  the  Yantic  at  10.40  p.  m.  about  11  miles  from  Mackinac 
Island.     The  defenders  won  their  problem  by  1  mile.     The  chances  were  in  favor  of 
the  defenders  as  the  attack,  due  to  waiting  for  the  Wolverine,  had  to  be  made  in  bright 
moonlight,  and  there  were  only  two  channels  to  defend.     In  this  connection,  in  case  a 
similar  problem  is  offered  next  year,  an  island  with  an  all-around  approach  should  be 
selected. 

4.  The  six  ships  now  assembled — Luzon,  Gopher,   Yantic,  Hawk,  Dorothea,  Essex — 
were  anchored  in  Bois  Blanc  Harbor  at  12.  40  a.  m.  on  August  12  1914. 

5.  On  the  morning  of  August  12  landing  parties  were  sent  on  shore  from  the  Gopher 
and  Yantic  to  defend  the  southeastern  portion  of  this  bay,  and  they  were  attacked  by 
landing  parties  from  all  the  other  ships. 

6.  From  consultation  with  the  captains  it  was  decided  that  the  most  benefit  would 
accrue  to  the  personnel  by  devoting  all  possible  time  to  maneuvering  the  squadron, 
as  this  would  give  experience  to  the  captains  and  officers  of  the  deck,  and  at  the  same 
time  allow  for  ship  drills  under  inspection  of  the  naval  officer  attached  to  each  ship  as 
adviser.     At  this  meeting  the  captains  stated  that  they  could  get  the  necessary  boat 
drill  in  their  home  ports,  so  the  squadron  commander  took  the  responsibility  of  assign- 
ing one  day  only  to  boat  drills,  keeping  the  squadron  under  way  during  daylight  of  all 
the  other  available  days.     Evolutions  under  way  were  consequently  held  on  the  after- 
noon of  the  12th,  and  on  the  13th,  14th,  and  15th,  the  squadron  being  anchored  each 
night  to  save  coal. 

7.  There  was  some  pressure  for  liberty,  as  Naval  Militia  circular  No.  20,  of  April  13, 
referred  to  liberty  in  Detroit,  and  candidates  for  enlistment  were  cognizant  of  this,  so 
the  squadron  commander,  after  consultation  with  the  captains,  decided  to  hold  boat 
races  under  oars  and  sails  on  Sunday,  the  16th,  instead  of  taking  the  15th  and  17th  for 
boat  work.     This  arrangement  had  the  argument  in  its  favor  that  it  would  enable  the 
ships  to  grant  one  or  two  days  of  liberty  and  still  arrive  at  their  home  ports  on  time  so 
the  men  would  lose  no  pay.     After  the  boat  races  on  August  16  the  ships  were  allowed 
to  proceed,  at  discretion  of  commanding  officers,  to  their  home  ports. 

8.  It  has  been  a  pleasure  to  serve  with  the  officers  and  men  of  this  squadron,  who  are 
in  the  main  conscientious  and  hard  working.     Their  state  of  efficiency  has  been  a 
distinct  surprise.     There  are  rough  edges  to  be  rubbed  off,  but  I  believe  a  battleship 
could  be  manned  with  them,  adding  only  a  small  percentage  of  regulars,  and  that  eight 
weeks'  shaking  down  would  put  her  in  fairly  efficient  condition. 

9.  Signaling  has  been  one  of  the  weak  features,  but  that  has  been  due,  in  a  measure, 
to  faulty  equipment,  and  to  the  fact  that  the  new  code  books  were  received  only  a 
short  time  before  sailing  for  the  rendezvous.     The  commanding  officers  know  their 
shortcomings  in  this  respect,  and  I  believe  they  will  take  steps  to  remedy  the  defective 
apparatus,  which  can  probably  be  done  at  small  expense. 

10.  The  commanding  officers  all  state  that  it  is  possible  to  hold  target  practice  on 
Sundays,  outside  of  the  time  available  for  maneuvers,  so  I  recommend  that  this  be 
done,  naval  officers  from  nearby  recruiting  or  hydrographic  offices  being  ordered  as 
umpires.     In  this  connection  it  is  recommended  that  all  the  organizations  be  given 
the  benefit  of  instruction  and  advice  by  available  naval  officers  detailed  to  recruiting 

107 


108  NAVAL   MILITIA   CRUISES   1914. 

or  hydrographic  work  in  the  various  home  ports.  I  believe  all  these  people  want  to 
learn  all  they  can,  and  1  think  all  conscientious  naval  officers  would  take  an  interest 
in  the  work  and  lend  all  possible  aid.  Some  tact  will  naturally  have  to  be  used  on 
both  sides,  but  the  arrangement  should  work  out  for  the  good  of  both  the  Navy  and 
Naval  Militia. 

11.  Inspection  of  the  ships  by  the  board  of  inspection  during  the  squadron  maneu- 
vers is  a  great  handicap.     Both  members  of  the  board  who  joined  the  squadron  at 
Mackinac  Island  tried  hard  to  further  squadron  work,  but  three  ships  had  to  be  kept 
at  anchor  one  day  to  allow  the  board  to  finish  its  inspection.     On  other  occasions  the 
squadron  had  to  lose  time  in  transferring  them  from  one  ship  to  another.     This  time  is 
too  precious  to  be  lost,  especially  as  every  commanding  officer  states  that  the  ships  can 
be  prepared  for  inspection  at  some  other  time  than  that  allowed  for  squadron  work. 

12.  The  vicinity  of  Mackinac  Island  is  a  good  drill  ground,  as  there  are  convenient 
anchorages  nearby.    Mackinac  Island  Harbor  is  too  small  to  take  all  the  ships;  Boia 
Blanc  Bay  is  open  to  the  northwest;  and  in  both  that  bay  and  South  Manitou  the 
squadron  has  to  anchor  in  a  half-moon  formation,  which  is  objectionable,  as  there  can 
not  be  simultaneous  smart  work  in  squadron  anchoring.     There  is  a  good  anchorage  at 
Detour,  Mich.,  and  all  the  squadron  could  coal  there  in  a  very  few  hours.     Further- 
more, Capt.  Stephenson,  of  the  Yantic,  states  that  if  the  Navy  Department  so  desires  he 
can  make  arrangements  for  provisioning  at  Detour.     Fresh  provisions  must  be  con- 
sidered in  the  plans  for  next  year,  as  the  Luzon  is  the  only  ship  that  has  an  ice  machine. 

13.  In  planning  for  these  squadron  cruises  liberty  is  also  a  consideration.     Most  of 
the  enlisted  force  give  their  vacations  for  this  cruise,  and  the  plans  should  be  so  made 
that  two  days  out  of  the  14  which  seem  to  be  available  can  be  given  for  liberty — one  for 
«ach  watch. 

14.  Two  plans  are  submitted  for  the  cruise  next  year: 

A.  Rendezvous  at  or  near  Detour;  have  squadron  and  ship  drills  for  six  days  and 
detach  the  ships  to  make  two  days'  liberty  in  port  selected  by  the  commanding  officer. 

B.  Rendezvous  at  or  near  Detour,  and  maneuver  to  Duluth,  Detroit,  Cleveland, 
and  Buffalo  in  turn  each  year;  grant  two  days'  liberty  to  the  squadron,  maneuver  to 
the  rendezvous,  and  disband. 

I  believe  we  would  get  more  efficiency  from  A,  but  B  has  the  advantage  of  the 
advertising  value  of  going  into  port  in  squadron.  This  and  the  granting  of  liberty 
should  be  considered  in  reference  to  keeping  up  enlistment.  Plan  A  saves  coal.  In 
case  the  department  approves  of  the  general  idea  the  plans  should  be  submitted  to  the 
commanding  officers  for  comment. 

15.  Enough  ships  or  ships  large  enough  ought  to  be  provided  to  take  all  of  the  organi- 
zations out  on  the  same  cruise.     Chicago  is  most  in  need  of  attention  in  this  respect. 
This  year  three  cruises  have  been  made  in  ordei  to  include  the  entire  personnel.    Two- 
thirds  of  the  force  have,  therefore,  not  cruised  in  squadron.     This  is  a  handicap. 
Those  who  have  taken  the  cruise  in  squadron  are  better  informed. 

16.  Plans  for  summer  cruises  should  be  made  out  as  soon  as  possible  and  be  strictly 
adhered  to  if  practicable. 

17.  There  have  been  several  breakdowns  during  the  present  maneuvers;  the  Dorothea 
had  to  remain  in  port  for  repairs  for  three  days.     I  believe,  however,  that  the  Naval 
Militia  has  been  greatly  benefited  by  this  work  in  squadron,  and  I  congratulate  the 
division  of  naval  militia  affairs  on  the  spirit  shown  in  the  Great  Lake  organizations. 

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